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Biomedical subjects

H Laube

Publications and source records attributed to H Laube.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Autotransplantion of Langerhans islets after total duodeno-pancreatectomy in a patient with chronic pancreatitis (author's transl)].

Total duodenopancreatectomy was performed in a 36-year-old man because of global chronic pancreatitis. Islets cells were isolated by collagenase digestion from the resected pancreas and re-implanted into the liver via the portal vein. Until the sixth postoperative day the amount of insulin required fell from 54 IU initially to 10 IU per day. Serial insulin determination demonstrated secretion by the implanted cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of high maltose and sucrose feeding on glucose tolerance.

This study records an impaired glucose tolerance in rats fed a high sucrose or maltose containing diet as compared to an isocaloric starch rich food. At low sugar concentrations only the 50% sucrose containing diet produced a significantly elevated blood glucose following an oral glucose load, whereas 20% sucrose feeding exhibited no differences as compared to long-term starch feeding. While body weights and basal blood sugar levels were similar in all diet groups, the glucose-induced insulin release was significantly higher in rats with a glucose tolerance of a diabetic type. In these animals serum triglycerides were also markedly elevated. The present results indicate, that the metabolic response to the ingestion of carbohydrates depends on the type of carbohydrate in previous nutrition. In view of a known genetic susceptibility regarding sucrose, similar conditions are suggestive for maltose.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Molecular biological aspects of oncogenesis caused by RNA tumor viruses (author's transl)].

This article concerns the molecular mechanisms by which RNA tumor viruses, commonly called as oncornaviruses, transfer their genetic information from the genomic RNA (70 s RNA) of the virions to the cellular DNA, leading to neoplastic transformations. The article describes biochemical and serological properties of reverse transcriptase, its role in the life cycle of RNA tumor viruses and broader implications to molecular biology. In this connection, the authors report their own findings on the role of reverse transcriptase in a preleukemic disease, myelofibrosis. This enzyme, discovered in their laboratory, is antigenically closely related to reverse transcriptase of certain primate RNA tumor viruses, and of human leukemic cells. The article also describes the role of reverse transcriptase inhibitors in viral oncogenesis. Of particular interest, is the partially thiolated polycytidylic acid (MPC) which has been developed by the authors, and is known to have a very high binding affinity to the viral reverse transcriptase. The implication of these basic data on the clinical effectivity of MPC in human leukemia, documented in a few cases, has been discussed.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1976

Insulin secretion and biosynthesis in sucrose fed rats.

Long term feeding of a sucrose rich diet to rats is accompanied by a decreased glucose assimilation rate, despite high plasma insulin levels. Hyperinsulinism is at least partially based on a relative obesity, with increased amounts of abdominal- and retroperitoneal fat tissue, but unchanged total body weight compared to starch fed controls. The secretory pattern of insulin release was studied following glucose, arginine, fructose and sulfonylurea administration in the isolated perfused pancreas of sucrose and isocaloric starch fed rats. In addition, isolated islets of Langerhans were used to demonstrate the effects of glucose on insulin secretion and the incorporation of H-3 leucine into the proinsulin and insulin fraction of islet proteins. Following 11 mM glucose, the dynamics of insulin release in the isolated perfused pancreas of sucrose fed rats is characterized by a markedly elevated, late plateau-like response, usually seen only at higher glucose concentrations. Hyperinsulinism, as compared to starch fed controls, can also be demonstrated following arginine and the sulfonylurea HB-419, whereas fructose has no effect in the presence of low glucose concentrations. During incubation of the pancreatic islets, the hyperinsulinism in sucrose-, compared to starch fed rats, is more pronounced at 11 mM glucose than at 5.5 mM glucose. The incorporation of H-3 leucine into the proinsulin-insulin fraction of islet proteins in sucrose compared to starch fed rats, however, is significantly greater with glucose 5.5 mM than at high glucose level. In sucrose fed rats, secretion and biosynthesis of insulin thus appear to be elevated but closely linked only at physiological glucose concentration.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

[Continuous daily blood-sugar profile in relation to serum insulin in subjects with normal metabolism and ideal or normal weight (author's transl)].

Continuous blood-sugar measurement is at present the most suitable method for testing daily blood sugar profile. It allows to relate variations in blood sugar levels in metabolically normal subjects to body weight. Mean blood-sugar level and postprandial blood-sugar variations are greater in those of normal than of ideal weight. At the same time, metabolically normal subjects of normal weight have a high insulin secretion in the fasting and postprandial states. This makes it likely that those of normal weight, although it is only slightly different from those of ideal weight, have already reached a transitional stage to an increased diabetes risk from over-weight.

Blood Glucose↗