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Biomedical subjects

H Laube

Publications and source records attributed to H Laube.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Investigation of the prolonged hypoglycemic effect of human proinsulin in diabetes mellitus.

Human proinsulin possesses a clear hypoglycemic effect, the extent and kinetics of which were investigated in 8 insulin dependent diabetics. In addition, to adequate therapy with a controlled-release insulin, each patient received i.v. injections of insulin (e U) and proinsulin (9 U) on separate test days. After 9 U of proinsulin, the blood glucose decrease was delayed in comparison to 3 U of insulin. However, it reached identical maximum blood glucose decrease values. The elimination kinetics of proinsulin are delayed compared to insulin. There is a linear relation between the time and the reciprocal value of the measured insulin immuno-reactivity. The hypoglycemic effect of proinsulin which is protracted for hours corresponds to that of an extreme controlled-release insulin. Under certain conditions, proinsulin might therefore prove effective in the long-term treatment of the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Blood glucose and insulin levels in healthy persons and diabetics after intake of coarse wholemeal preparations, especially fresh grain muesli].

In a study of seven type II diabetics the effects of the usual diabetic diet were compared with those of a cereal of whole-meal (both having the same energy content and nutrients proportions). The cereal gave a more even blood-glucose curve at a significantly lower level (maximal rise after the first breakfast with the cereal was 20 mg/100 ml, after the usual diabetic breakfast 75 mg/100 ml). In addition, in 12 metabolically healthy persons comparison was made of post-prandial blood-glucose and insulin levels after intake of raw and of heated wheat and corn whole-meal preparations. The raw wheat variant produced much flatter blood-glucose and insulin curves than the heated test meals (maximal rise of blood-glucose 6 vs 27-38 mg/100 ml; blood insulin 8 vs 35-50 microU/ml), while the raw corn (oat) variant achieved only a small flattening of the curve compared with that after the heat-treated preparation. Measurement of H2 exhalation provided no evidence for differential malabsorption between raw and heated test meals. Fresh-corn muesli with unheated wheat whole-meal is suitable in the diet of type II diabetics to counteract high postprandial levels of blood-glucose and thus improve the diabetic metabolic state.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1985

[Comparison of various methods for the identification of pneumococci based on optochin sensitivity].

The sensitivity against optochin of 491 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae respectively alpha-haemolytic Streptococci was tested in optochin-plate-method and in the diffusion-test. Discs impregnated and used in wet condition and dry discs prepared in one of the participating laboratories were equal in their efficiency. The differentiation of Streptococcus pneumoniae and alpha-haemolytic Streptococci is possible by the disc-diffusion method using the following limit of inhibition zone. Streptococcus pneumoniae diameter of inhibition zone greater than 15 mm alpha-haemolytic Streptococci diameter of inhibition zone 0-15 mm The industrial production of optochin-discs can be recommended.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1984

Virus infection islet cell antibodies and islet cell function in type I diabetes mellitus.

The detection of islet cell antibodies has led to an increasing interest in autoimmune mechanisms in Type I diabetes mellitus. Other phenomena, such as insulitis in juvenile diabetics and in experimental animals, cellular immune reactions and concommitant antibodies against other endocrine organs, antinuclear antibodies and circulating immune complexes have supported such speculations. HLA-association and viral-infections could be predisposing and inducing factors. However, with one exception, the occurrence of ICA in a group of mumps infected children did not result in the development of diabetes mellitus over 3-4 years, nor could it be correlated with HLA-pattern. The islet cell antibodies block glucose stimulated insulin secretion in vitro without complement, while Type I diabetic sera with complement are beta cell cytotoxic irrespective of their ICA concentration. It is still not clear whether these mechanisms play any role in vivo. Therapeutic intervention before the clinical manifestation of the disease is as yet not possible due to the lack of markers indicating a subclinical autoimmune process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The effect of a saccharose-rich diet on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of streptozotocin-diabetic rats and genetically determined 'diabetic' mice (gg-diab).

Streptocotocin-diabetic rats were fed with a saccharose-rich diet (68 per cent saccharose) for 37 weeks. Serum levels of insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were determined thereafter as well as the lesions of kidneys by histologically evaluation. For the second series of experiments, genetically determined diabetic mice (transient hyperglycemia, low k-value, but no glucosuria), were fed with the saccharose-rich diet for eight weeks. Thereafter the serum levels of insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were determined as well as secretion and biosynthesis of insulin of isolated pancreatic mouse islets. The metabolic parameters and the determination of the kidney lesions revealed that saccharose-feeding deteriorates the diabetic state of streptocotocin-diabetic rats: the levels of serum glucose, urine volume and urinary glucose rose rapidly in the saccharose-fed diabetic rats. These animals showed significantly higher levels of triglycerides and cholesterol after 18 and 37 weeks compared with diabetic rats fed a control diet (68 per cent starch). The kidney lesions became still more severely expressed by saccharose-rich diet. On the other hand, no major differences in the serum parameters of saccharose- or starch-fed genetically determined mice could be noticed: no manifestation of diabetes could be provoked in these latent-diabetic mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of glucosidase inhibitor, Bay g 5421 (acarbose), on the blood glucose in obese diabetic patients ty pe 2 (NIDDM) (author's transl)].

In a biometrically planned, randomised double blind crossover study the influence of a glucosidase inhibitor, acarbose, (Bay g 5421, pseudotetrasaccharide) on the blood glucose in a total of 10 dieting obese NIDDM patients was compared with placebo. There were no significant differences between the groups with regard to age, height, body weight and duration of diabetes. After a 2-week preliminary period 5 patients received Bay g 5421 for 4 weeks and then placebo for a further 4 weeks. After the same preliminary period the other 5 patients received placebo for 4 weeks and then Bay g 5421 for the second period of 4 weeks. On average, the blood glucose profiles were lower after Bay g 5421 than after placebo. This was statistically almost significant (p less than or equal to 0.09) for the area of the profiles, i.e., the average value of the 13 points of the daily profiles. The fraction of glycosylated hemoglobins (Hb A1a-c) was also lower during the period when the patients were treated with Bay g 5421 than with placebo. There was, however, no statistically significant difference. In contrast, the glucosuria-decrease during the Bay g 5421 period was significant. The serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides did not show any therapy-dependent difference. Thus it may be concluded that Bay g 5421 effectively reduces the blood glucose concentration, in particular, postprandial hyperglycemia in dieting diabetic patients type 2.

Acarbose↗
PubMed1979

[Autotransplantation of Langerhans' islets in a case of total duodenopancreatectomy (author's transl)].

A 36-year-old man suffering from chronic pancreatitis involving the whole organ had total duodenopancreatectomy. The Langerhans' islets were isolated from the extirpated organ and transplanted into the liver via portal artery. Insulin substitution could be lowered from 50 I.U. to 12 I.U. by the 5th post operative day. Repeatedly, raised insulin levels could be verified in response to high blood sugar loads. C-peptide and glucagon were also found. 7 months after transplantation the islets still seem to be functioning.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Experiments towards the viral etiology of a preleukemic syndrome: osteomyelofibrosis (author's transl)].

The present study describes the separation and purification of a reverse transcriptase and cellular DNA polymerases from the human spleen of a patient with myelofibrotic syndrome. The specific requirements with respect to bivalent cations and templateprimers for DNA polymerase-alpha, DNA polymerase-beta and DNA polymerase-gamma, as well as for the reverse transcriptase, are reported. Sedimentation velocity measurements of the purified enzymes gave values of 150 000, 40 000, 100 000 and 70 000 daltons for DNA polymerase-alpha, DNA polymerase-beta, and DNA polymerase-gamma and the reverse transcriptase respectively. The purified reverse transcriptase was specifically inhibited by antisera to the reverse transcriptases of the two primate viruses, SiSV and GaLV. Antisera raised against the myelofibrotic spleen reverse transcriptase inhibited the homologous enzyme and also the reverse transcriptase from SiSV and GaLV. DNA polymerases alpha, beta and gamma from the same spleen were not inhibited by the antisera. These results constitute the first indication of a possible retroviral etiology for myelofibrotic syndrome. Since SiSV and GaLV are exogenous to all primates the results indicate that this polymerase was acquired and the results are most simply interpreted as indicating that virus related to the SiSV-GaLV group is present in man.

Child↗