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Biomedical subjects

H L Reid

Publications and source records attributed to H L Reid.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Comparison of plasma viscosity and fibrinogen concentration in African insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetics with and without hypertension.

Alterations in Relative Plasma Viscosity (RPV) and Plasma Fibrinogen Concentration (PFC) were compared in 24 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 33 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) black Nigerian diabetics, during the course of treatment. Both PFC and RPV were significantly (p less than 0.001) increased in the diabetics, as a group, compared to a non-diabetic control group. PFC and RPV showed consistently marginal, though insignificant, increases in the IDDM vs NIDDM. Hypertensive diabetics, as a group, had significantly greater PFC (p less than 0.025), and RPV (p less than 0.025) than normotensive diabetics. Although PFC was significantly (p less than 0.05) raised in hypertensive IDDM, there was no marked change in RPV, compared to normotensive IDDM. Neither PFC nor RPV revealed a significant change between hypertensive and normotensive NIDDM. The implication of the present findings is that insulin-dependent diabetics may be more prone than non-insulin-dependent diabetics to develop haemorheological and hence circulatory disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Concurrent sickle cell disease and diabetes mellitus.

In an attempt to test our hypothesis that a child with sickle cell disease who developed diabetes mellitus early enough, could pass through the various stages of life undetected due to the protection offered by the glycosylation of sickle Hb, we have searched for evidence of the co-existence of the two diseases in Nigerians. We were, however, unable to find any HbSS-diabetic. This study, therefore, shows the extremely low prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus in sickle-cell anaemia subjects, which makes it difficult for us to test our hypothesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Plasma fibrinogen levels in sickle cell disease.

Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured, by a clotweight method, in 25 patients with homozygous sickle cell disease (HbSS) during the steady state and in 36 age matched non-sicklers. Mean fibrinogen levels in the sicklers was 5.3 +/- 2.0 g/l (range 3.0-11.5 g/l) compared with 3.1 +/- 1.0 (range 2.0-5.5 g/l) for non-sicklers (p less than 0.001). There was no significant sex difference between males and females in either group. We suggest the raised fibrinogen seen in SCD may be an added factor in the severity of vascular occlusion during SCD crisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Haemorheological parameters in hypertensive Nigerians with and without sickle-cell trait.

Haemorheological parameters including whole blood (WBF) and erythrocyte filterability (EF), haematocrit (H'ct), haemoglobin levels (Hb) and plasma fibrinogen concentration (PFC) were measured in 61 adult Nigerians with uncomplicated essential hypertension during the course of their routine anti-hypertensive treatment. Results from these patients were compared to those of 39 age and sex-matched normotensive controls. Sixteen (26.2%) of the hypertensive patients and 6 (15.4%) of the controls had the sickle-cell trait (HbAS); the rest were normal homozygotes (HbAA). Although there were no significant difference between WBF in the HbAA-hypertensive and control groups, the former had a significantly lower EF than the latter (p less than 0.025). Both WBF and EF were highly significantly decreased in the HbAS-hypertensives (p less than 0.001). Significant differences in H'ct and Hb levels between HbAA-hypertensives and controls were attributed to sex rather than to hypertension per se. Plasma fibrinogen concentration values were consistently and significantly elevated in all hypertensives irrespective of sex or haemoglobin genotype. In contrast to the HbAA-hypertensives, all 16 HbAS-hypertensives had a persistently raised diastolic blood pressure above 90 mm Hg, suggesting that these patients are either resistant or are less responsive to conventional anti-hypertensive therapy. A more extensive follow-up study is in progress to assess the possible relationship of these parameters and blood pressure, particularly in hypertensive individuals with sickle-cell trait (HbAS).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Do Nigerian diabetics with haemoglobin genotype Hb AS have greater risks of developing renal complications and hypertension? A preliminary report.

Thirty nine non-insulin dependent Nigerian diabetics (21 males and 18 females) aged 40-63 years (mean 50.6 years) with haemoglobin genotype Hb AA who had diabetes for 5-8 years were matched with an equal number of non-insulin dependent diabetics with haemoglobin genotype Hb AS for sex, age, duration of diabetes and state of control of diabetes. The occurrence of proteinuria and hypertension was studied in all patients; serum creatinine and 24 hour urine protein excretion were measured in those with proteinuria. Eight of the 39 diabetics with Hb AS had developed significant proteinuria compared to two with Hb AA (p less than 0.05). The serum creatinine was constantly above 2.0 mg/100 ml in four of the eight diabetics with Hb AS compared to one with Hb AA, whilst the 24 hour protein excretion in the urine was above 2.0 g in three diabetics with Hb AS compared to none with Hb AA. Twelve diabetics with Hb AS had hypertension compared to three with Hb AA (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that Nigerian diabetics with haemoglobin genotype Hb AS may have greater risks of developing proteinuria, with renal dysfunction and/or hypertension and probably diabetic nephropathy than their counterpart with haemoglobin genotype Hb AA.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Correlation of a clot-weight and radial immunodiffusion method for estimation of plasma fibrinogen concentration.

A clot-weight and radial immunodiffusion method for estimating fibrinogen concentration were compared using plasma from 58 pregnant women and diabetic patients. The two methods gave a correlation coefficient, r = 0.53 (p less than 0.005). There was no significant variation between the mean fibrinogen concentrations as determined by both methods. The coefficient of variation for the clot-weight and immunodiffusion methods were 1.54% and 2.9%, respectively. It is concluded that the clot-weight method is more readily applicable than the radial immunodiffusion method to fibrinogen measurements, especially in patients when rapid results are required.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A study of erythrocyte deformability in sickle cell disease.

Erythrocyte deformability was studied in patients with sickle cell disease, using a filtration method under standard conditions. The erythrocyte deformability index (Vrbc) from homozygous (HbSS) patients was zero compared to 0.55 +/- 0.13 ml min-1 for controls with haemoglobin genotype HbAA. In the heterozygous (HbAS) sickle cell trait the mean Vrbc was 0.21 +/- 0.16 min-1 was significantly less (p less than 0.001) than in the HbAA cases. One patient with haemoglobin genotype HbAC had a normal Vrbc index of 0.53 ml min-1 while one HbSC patient had zero Vrbc index. It appears that erythrocyte deformability is independent of both the haemotocrit and haemoglobin concentration provided the haemoglobin remains normal. The results have been interpreted in the light of variation in red-cell morphology and clinical status of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The red-cell deformability index: a filtration study in adult Nigerians.

Red-cell deformability was measured by reproducible filtration technique. Undiluted whole blood, anticoagulated with solid potassium EDTA, was passed through Nuclepore membrane filters with cylindrical prres of 5.0 micrometers diameter, under a constant negative perfusion pressure of 20 cm of water. The volume of red-cell filtered per minute was used as an index of red-cell deformability. Healthy Nigerian adults had a mean red-cell deformability index of 0.55 +/- 0.15 ml/min/-1. There was no significant difference between the sexes. The possible relevance of red-cell deformability studies in the African is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of severe intermittent claudication by controlled defibrination.

Fifteen patients with severe intermittent claudication were treated by therapeutic defibrination with subcutaneous injections of ancrod for 5 weeks. Mean plasma-fibrinogen was maintained below 50% of the initial value throughout the treatment period. This reduction in plasma-fibrinogen was accompanied by a parallel fall in whole-blood viscosity and a pronounced clinical improvement. Objective measurements showed maximum benefit on the 21st day of treatment, when the mean resting ankle/arm pressure index had increased by 37%, the post-exercise pressure index had increased by 50%, and the time taken for the pressure index to return to a resting value after a constant exercise had decreased by 33%. (The claudication-count had increased by 59%).

Ancrod↗
PubMed1976

Impaired red cell deformability in peripheral vascular disease.

By means of a recently developed technique, red-cell deformability was measured in 44 patients with peripheral vascular disease and in 44 age and sex matched normal control subjects. 28 patients had intermittent claudication and 16 rest pain or gangrene. The ability of the red cells to deform was significantly reduced in patients and significantly less in patients with rest pain or gangrene than in those who only had intermittent claudication. A reduction in red-cell deformability by retarding blood-flow through the microcirculation may be an important factor in states of peripheral vascular insufficiency.

Aged↗