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Biomedical subjects

H Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to H Kubo.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Construction of a calorimeter prototype with a high sensitivity pulsed signal detection circuit.

A calorimeter based on a Wheatstone bridge detector is considered to be an ideal absolute absorbed dose measuring device. One drawback of the calorimeter is that its output signals are extremely small. The signal size can be increased by increasing the bridge excitation voltage, which, however, may lead to excess self-heating of a temperature-sensing thermistor in the calorimeter detector and may require corrections. The use of pulsed excitation was investigated in this study in place of a conventional DC excitation to induce higher bridge output voltage while keeping the average self-heating of a thermistor to a reasonably low value. Performance evaluations of our prototype pulsed calorimeter are presented.

Calorimetry↗
PubMed1989

Liposomes prepared from synthetic amphiphiles. I. Their technetium labeling and stability.

In order to apply liposomes prepared from synthetic amphiphiles containing amino acid residues to radiopharmaceuticals, their labeling with 99Tc or 99mTc and stability in saline or in serum were investigated. These liposomes were highly labeled by embedding stearylamine-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid as a ligand of technetium. The labeling was more efficient at pH 7.0 than at pH 4.0 or 8.5. Among these technetium-labeled liposomes tested, liposomes containing the alanine residue were stable in saline or in 50% serum at 37 degrees C for at least 24 h, in contrast to liposomes (phosphatidylcholine: cholesterol = 1:1 molar ratio) whose stability had been enhanced by adding cholesterol.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[Frequency of three-rooted mandibular first molars. Survey by x-ray photographs].

The frequency of three rooted mandibular first molars was surveyed. Subjects were of 1,353 male and female students trained in radiology at Fukuoka Dental College whose average age was 24.3 years old. Dental (complete radiographic survey using 14 films) and panoramic radiographs of their mandibular first molars were taken during a period of 9 years from 1978 to 1986. The results were as follows: 1) The number of the three-rooted mandibular first molars was 440 (18.8%) of 2,331 teeth, including 240 (20.6%) of 1,163 in the right side and 200 (17.1%) of 1,168 in the left. 2) 274 (11.8%) of the three-rooted mandibular first molars were identified by radiographs of the premolar region, 42 (1.8%) by radiographs of the molar region, 124 (5.3%) by radiographs of both the premolar and the molar region. 3) Panoramic radiography identified 70 (15.9%) out of 440 three-rooted mandibular first molars. 4) 136 (12.7%) of 1,070 subjects who had bilateral mandibular first molars had three-roots on both sides 127 (11.9%) of 1,070 had them on one side.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Variations of dentition in raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes Procynoides Viverrinus T.) Anomalies in number of the teeth].

A study on the number of anomalous teeth was made by using gross and radiographic examinations on 179 skulls (male: 68, female: 53, unknown: 58) of raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes Procynoides Viverrinus T.) captured in the northern part of Kyushu. Results were as follows: 1. 8 skulls had 15 supernumerary teeth. They were in the upper incisor, the upper third premolar and the upper and lower first premolar regions. 2. 35 skulls had 58 congenitally missing teeth. Most of them were upper and lower first premolars or lower third molars. 3. One skull had one supernumerary tooth in the upper second incisor region and one congenitally missing tooth, a lower third molar. 4. The anomalous teeth were about 25%, the supernumerary teeth and congenitally missing teeth were about 4.5% and 20% respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison between PVHIS on the MRI and the permeability of brain blood vessels in elderly patients].

The degree of PVHIS (periventricular high intensity signal) on the MRI was composed with the permeability of brain blood vessels using the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum ratio for albumin, and the CSF/serum ratio for IgG in elderly patients. The 47 elderly patients (mean age = 79.9) were divided into three groups: (1) Mild group (20 cases, M:6, F:14, mean age = 75.8), (2) Moderate group (18 cases, M:7, F:11, mean age = 82.6), (3) Severe group (9 cases, M:2, F:7, mean age = 82.9), in accordance with the degree of PVHIS on the MRI. The MRI was operated at a field strength of 0.22 tesla. The pulse sequence (used on all patients) had a repetition times (TR) of 2,000 msec and a time to echo (TE) of 40 msec. The levels of albumin and IgG in the serum and CSF were measured. The CSF/serum ratio for albumin was used of analyze the permeability of the brain blood vessels in each group. There was no significant difference in the level of the serum albumin, the CSF albumin, the serum IgG, the CSF IgG and the CSF/serum ratio for IgG among the three groups. The same was found to be true for the IgG index which indicates the synthesis of immunoglobulin in the central nervous system. However, there was a statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05) in the CSF/serum ratio for albumin between groups (1) and (3). The increased CSF/serum ratio for albumin in the severe group indicated there were confluent lesions involving the entire extent of the periventricular white matter on the MRI. This suggested an increased permeability of brain blood vessels which revealed the dysfunction of the blood brain barrier due to affected cerebral endothelial cells in capillaries.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Radioreceptor assay of clonazepam and diazepam in blood for therapeutic drug monitoring.

Rat cerebral cortex was used to prepare a suspension of benzodiazepine receptors. The suspension was mixed with an extract of specimen and [3H]flunitrazepam. The mixture was filtered through a membrane, and radioactivity on the membrane was measured. Clonazepam concentrations in patient plasma specimens determined by radioreceptor assay and gas-liquid chromatography agreed well. However, diazepam equivalent concentrations determined by radioreceptor assay were close to the sum of diazepam and desmethyldiazepam concentrations determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, as desmethyldiazepam had binding activity for the receptor. This receptor assay method is accurate, simple, requires less than 0.5 ml of plasma, and is therefore suitable for analyzing numerous samples in a short time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[IgE-Fc receptor expressions on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells in a patient with eosinophilic pneumonia accompanied with bronchial asthma--the effect of ketotifen on their expression].

In this study, IgE-Fc receptor expressions on each type of BAL cells (lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils) in a patients with eosinophilic pneumonia accompanied by bronchial asthma were examined by indirect immunofluorescent method using monoclonal antibody (H107). BAL cell findings showed marked increases of total BAL cell counts and eosinophils, an increased number of lymphocytes and the presence of basophilic cells. These results match those of our previous report. Furthermore, IgE-Fc receptor expressions on lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils were markedly increased as compared to those in the peripheral blood and normal control subjects. These findings suggest that IgE production in the lung plays the main role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic pneumonia and bronchial asthma. On the other hand, during ketotifen administration, decreases of peripheral blood eosinophilia, of eosinophilia in the sputum and of serum IgE level and an improvement in chest X-ray findings were observed. Furthermore not only normalization of total BAL cell counts but also decreases of IgE-Fc receptor expressions on BAL cells were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The inhibitory effect of oxatomide, an anti-allergic agent, on eosinophil-mediated and eosinophilic cell line-mediated natural cytotoxicity against bronchial epithelial cells].

Recently, eosinophils have been implicated as inflammatory effector cells in allergic and inflammatory reactions such as bronchial asthma. In this study eosinophil-mediated and eosinophilic cell line-mediated natural cytotoxicity against bronchial epithelial cells and the effects of oxatomide, an anti-allergic agent, on their cytotoxicity were investigated. Treatment with oxatomide diminished both eosinophil-mediated and eosinophilic cell line-mediated natural cytotoxicity in vitro. We concluded from these results that oxatomide not only has anti-allergic activity but also anti-inflammatory properties for eosinophils. In addition this method for isolating eosinophils seems to well serve the purpose of evaluating eosinophil function as in this investigation, as we have reported previously.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1989

[Possible involvement of vascular endothelium-derived relaxing factor induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF) on human pulmonary artery after contraction in vitro].

We studied the effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on human pulmonary vascular smooth muscle in vitro. 10(-6) M PAF elicited slight contractions in 2 of 7 endothelium-denuded arterial strips, but did not elicit distinct contractions or relaxations in the other strips. After incubation with PAF at 10(-7) M, the contractions of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle induced by histamine and prostaglandin F2 alpha were significantly decreased. Preincubation of 10(-3) M indomethacin did not affect the inhibitory effects of PAF, but these disappeared with removal of endothelium. These results suggest that the inhibitory effects of PAF on human pulmonary vascular smooth muscle contractions may appear not through the cyclooxygenase products but the endothelium-derived relaxing factor.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Barbiturate therapy in traumatic cerebral vascular disease: report of two cases].

We report two cases of traumatic cerebral vascular disease which were treated successfully with barbiturate. The first case sustained blunt trauma to the bilateral vertebral arteries, resulting in complete occlusion of both arteries. After ligation of the injured vertebral arteries, multiple cerebral infarction appeared. Cerebral angiography revealed dissection and stenosis of the bilateral internal carotid arteries. We treated this case with barbiturate (Thiamylal) in combination with administration of heparin. The second case sustained cerebral contusion and traumatic subarachnoidal hemorrhage as a result of a motor cycle accident. This patient deteriorated and cerebral angiography showed diffuse cerebral arterial vasospasms. When this was treated with induced hypertension, he developed recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage. In order to protect the brain from ischemia without elevating blood pressure, we employed barbiturate therapy and the patient recovered without major neurological deficit. The condition of severe head injury with cerebral ischemia is complicated. Therefore it has been hard for neurosurgeons to cure the patient with this condition. But we treated it with barbiturate successfully. Barbiturate therapy in severe head injury with cerebral ischemia may decrease the mortality in that group of patients considered difficult to treat with the usual therapeutic modalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Pulmonary hemodynamics during mild exercise in COPD].

The effects of mild exercise on pulmonary hemodynamics and ventilatory responses in COPD were studied. Six patients with FEV1% less than 70% received 20 watt exercise tests by cycle ergometers for 5 minutes. Changes in hemodynamics and ventilation were observed before and during exercise. Nine patients with an FEV1% of more than 70% also received exercise tests as controls. There were no different in changes in respiratory frequency, tidal volume and minute ventilation between control and COPD group. However, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure were higher in the COPD group than in the control group before exercise. Moreover increments of mean pulmonary arterial pressure by exercise were also greater in COPD group. It was concluded that hemodynamics in COPD are much more influenced by mild exercise than in healthy subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Indications for PTCA for the infarcted myocardium without redistribution by T1-201 myocardial scintigraphy: the role of two-dimensional echocardiography].

Persistent myocardial hypoperfusion in delayed images demonstrated by preoperative exercise T1-201 myocardial scintigraphy may improve after PTCA. The purpose of this study was to test whether PTCA-induced improvement could be anticipated by means of preoperative two-dimensional echocardiography and exercise T1-201 myocardial scintigraphy. The subjects consisted of 24 patients with prior myocardial infarction, in whom serial exercise T1-201 myocardial scintigraphy had been performed during treadmill exercise testing. The patients were divided into three groups according to the results of two-dimensional echocardiography (Group I: eight patients with hypokinesis in the infarct zone; Group II: eight patients with akinesis without a thin wall in the infarct zone; Group III: eight patients with akinesis with a thin wall in the infarct zone). Results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in initial T1-uptake in all the 24 patients before and after PTCA, though significantly increased uptakes were observed in Groups I and II after PTCA. 2. There were significant differences in preoperative initial T1-uptakes among the three groups. 3. In Group II, the patients with postoperative scintigraphic improvement had significantly higher preoperative initial T1-uptakes. 4. The postoperative improvement of myocardial perfusion was accompanied by improvement in wall motion. Therefore, an infarct zone without delayed redistribution in T1-201 myocardial scintigraphy does not necessarily indicate scar tissue. However, it may represent hypokinetic or akinetic areas without thin walls on two-dimensional echocardiograms, suggesting a hibernating myocardial state due to chronic intermittent episodes of myocardial ischemia. In such cases, improvement of myocardial perfusion after PTCA can be expected.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Interaction of 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride, ryanodine and procaine with muscarinic cholinergic M2 receptor sites in smooth muscle.

We have characterized muscarinic cholinergic receptor sites and interaction of various modulators of intracellular Ca mobilization, such as 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride (TMB-8), ryanodine, procaine and related drugs with the receptor sites, using a binding assay method with [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate [( 3H]QNB) in guinea pig tenia cecum membrane fraction. [3H]QNB bound to a single population of sites, and the binding profile of pirenzepine suggest that the receptor sites are probably the M2 type. All the test drugs examined except for ryanodine displaced the [3H]QNB binding, and the slope factors were not different from unity. Affinities of these drugs were comparable to the concentrations usually used to modulate intracellular Ca mobilization. A Scatchard plot of [3H]QNB binding in the presence of TMB-8 or procaine showed that the apparent dissociation constant for [3H]QNB was increased without change in maximum binding. Neither TMB-8 nor procaine had any effect on the rate of dissociation of [3H]QNB from the steady-state complex. These results suggest that TMB-8 and procaine, and possibly other drugs, may interact directly with the muscarinic cholinergic M2 receptor sites in a competitive manner. In contrast, ryanodine had no effect on the [3H]QNB binding up to at least 100 microM. No interaction of ryanodine with M2 receptor sites lends a further support that the drug could be a useful probe for studying intracellular Ca mobilization.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1989

Automated determination of drugs in serum by column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography. IV. Separation of tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants and their metabolites.

We describe automated column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography for determining nine tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and their metabolites in human serum. TSKgel ODS-80TM and TSKprecolumn PW (Tosoh Co., Tokyo) are used in the analytical column and the precolumn, respectively. A 200-microL serum sample is directly injected onto the precolumn. After washing the serum proteins from the precolumn with potassium phosphate buffer, the precolumn connection is switched to introduce the retained substances onto the analytical column. The drugs are then eluted within 30 min with an acetonitrile/potassium phosphate buffer mixture containing sodium 1-heptanesulfonate. The analytical recoveries (95-104%), reproducibilities (within-run CV less than 3%), and detection limits (10 micrograms/L) indicate that this HPLC system is suited for therapeutic drug monitoring. Correlations were good between the TCA concentrations in serum and administered dose (r = 0.713, n = 41), and between 10-hydroxynortriptyline and nortriptyline in serum (r = 0.691, n = 24).

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1989

[A case of esophageal carcinoma complicated by Crohn's disease].

A case of an esophageal cancer complicated by Crohn's disease is reported. A 76-year-old female was admitted to the Nara National Hospital with symptoms of melena and dysphagia. An esophageal X-ray study revealed a circular, stenotic lesion at the lower intra-thoracic esophagus. Histological examination of a specimen confirmed a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. A barium enema was then given which showed an irregular stenotic lesion, 28 cm in length, at the terminus of the ileum. Thus, an esophageal blind resection and a resection of the terminal portion of the ileum was jointly performed. A histological examination of the resected ileum confirmed Crohn's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Fluorometric determination of biguanides in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with reagent-containing mobile phase.

A simple post-column derivatization method for the fluorometric determination of biguanides (buformin and phenformin) in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography is described. The serum was treated with 4% perchloric acid to precipitate proteins, and the supernatant was directly injected into the column. Synthesized 9,10-phenanthrenequinonesulphonate (PSQ) was used as a fluorogenic reagent and added to the mobile phase. Biguanides were separated within 10 min on a Radial-Pak microBondapak C18 cartridge (10 microns, 10 cm x 8 mm I.D.) by reversed-phase ion-pair chromatography. They were then allowed to react with PQS in an alkaline stream and detected fluorometrically. This method was applied to the analysis of serum from patients with diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Functional expression of cloned cDNA encoding sodium channel III.

mRNA synthesized by transcription in vitro of the cloned cDNA encoding rat brain sodium channel III directs the formation of a functional sodium channel in Xenopus oocytes. The tissue distribution of the mRNAs encoding sodium channels I, II and III has been studied by blot hybridization analysis with specific probes.

Animals↗