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H Komatsu

Publications and source records attributed to H Komatsu.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[dl-Camphor Reference Standard (Control 951) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

The raw material of dl-camphor was examined for the preparation of the "dl-Camphor Reference Standard". Analytical data obtained are as follows: ultraviolet spectrum, lambda max = 290 nm; infrared spectrum, the same as that of the present JP Camphor Reference Standard; melting point, 179.6 degrees C; purity test by gas-chromatography (GC), three kinds of impurities were detected; assay by GC, 99.0%. Based on the above results, the candidate raw material was authorized as the JP Reference Standard (Control 951).

Camphor↗
PubMed1996

[Application of thermal analysis to quality evaluation tests of drugs].

Thermal analysis method can be applied to the quality evaluation tests of drugs. Recent advances in the technology and the data-processing system on the apparatus have accelerated the utilization of this analytical techniques in the field of drug quality control. In this report, various application techniques of the thermal analysis such as DSC, DTA, TG and the impurity analysis by DSC, were reported and discussed from the viewpoints of a general test in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. Further the present situations of this analytical method in the US Pharmacopoeia 23 and the British Pharmacopoeia 1993 are also explained.

Differential Thermal Analysis↗
PubMed1996

[Development of a questionnaire to measure the effect of urinary incontinence on female sexuality: a reliability and validity study].

OBJECTIVES: This study developed a measure of the degree of the effect of urinary incontinence on female sexuality and tested the reliability and validity of the developed measure. Effect of Urinary Incontinence on Sexuality Questionnaire (EISQ). METHODS: The EISQ was developed from a thorough literature review and interviews of 20 individuals with urinary incontinence who said their incontinence had affected their dyadic relationship. These items were submitted to an analysis of content validity. This work resulted in a 28 items questionnaire that used a 4-point Likert-type response scale. The reliability and validity of the EISQ was tested with 144 women with incontinence who visited out-patient clinic in six hospitals. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha as the index of internal consistency was high. The EISQ total was 0.90 and alpha ranged from 0.70 to 0.93 for the six subscales. Six factors each with an eigenvalue greater-than-or-equal-to-one were extracted from a principal components factors analysis with varimax rotation. The cumulative percentage of variance explained by this solution was 69.0%. Concurrent validity analyses confirmed our predictions that the EISQ scores were related to Patient Incontinence Stress (ISQ-P) scores. CONCLUSION: The EISQ proved to be reliable and valid as a self-administered measure for assessing the effect of urinary incontinence on female sexuality. The EISQ has demonstrated sufficient psychometric properties to warrant continued study of other samples and to explore the relationship between EISQ and other outcome variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Increased permeability of phase-separated liposomal membranes with mixtures of ethanol-induced interdigitated and non-interdigitated structures.

It has been suggested by many workers using model membranes that the interdigitated structure formation, in which the acyl chains fully interpenetrate the hydrocarbon chains of the opposing monolayer, plays an important role in regulating many functions of biomembranes. In the present study the control of permeability was focused on as one of the biomembrane functions, and the effects of ethanol on the permeability of large unilamellar vesicles made by the extrusion technique (LUVET) (average diameter: about 250 nm), composed of dipalmitoyl or egg yolk phosphatidylcholines, were studied by monitoring the leakage of fluorescent dye, calcein, entrapped in the inner aqueous phase of the LUVET. The permeability was estimated from the apparent rate constant of calcein leakage at 25 degrees C. Large permeabilities were observed in the region of 0.6 M to 1.3 M ethanol, with a concentration dependence. In this range of ethanol concentrations the normal bilayer and interdigitated structure coexist and the membrane is in a phase-separated state. The large permeability is due to the instability of the boundary regions, the interdigitated membrane being characterized by a thinner structure and more rigid hydrocarbon regions in the layer than its non-interdigitated counter part. These results suggest the possibility of biomembrane-permeability regulation by interdigitated membrane formation.

Ethanol↗
PubMed1995

Ethanol-induced aggregation and fusion of small phosphatidylcholine liposome: participation of interdigitated membrane formation in their processes.

The mechanism for the ethanol-induced aggregation/fusion of uniform-sized small liposomes comprised of dipalmitoyl (DPPC) or egg yolk (eggPC) phosphatidylcholines was studied by measuring the average size using a photon correlation spectroscopy, by observing directly the states in the liposomal solutions using freeze-fracture electron microscopy and by attempting resonance energy transfer using flurophore-labeled phospholipids. Abrupt increases in the apparent size of DPPC liposomes were observed in the presence of above 44 mg/ml ethanol, where microscopically plateau membranes form interdigitated structure, in which the acyl chains fully interpenetrate the hydrocarbon chains of the apposing monolayer. On the contrary, in the eggPC liposome, where the membranes cannot form interdigitated structures even in the presence of high concentration of ethanol, such intense aggregation and fusion were not observed, suggesting their intimate relation to the interdigitated structure formation. The formation of interdigitated structures in the adhering region leads to an increase in the interfacial area and an exposure of hydrophobic acyl chain terminal on the surface area, and enhances hydrophobic interactions between two interdigitated bilayers. Thus, the resultant interdigitated structure makes the aggregated state stable and partially initiates the bilayer mixing between the two apposed membranes, leading to fusion.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗
PubMed1995

[Effects of ulinastatin on renal function after subrenal aortic cross-clamping].

Ten patients who had undergone temporary occlusion of the abdominal aorta below the origin of the renal arteries were studied to evaluate the effect of ulinastatin on the postoperative renal function after abdominal aortic cross-clamping. They were divided into two groups: ulinastatin group (ulinastatin 300,000 units.day-1 during intraoperative and postoperative three days, N = 5), control group (N = 5). In ulinastatin group, the increase of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase on the third postoperative day was inhibited and renal function was well maintained. These results suggest that the administration of ulinastatin in perioperative day prevents postoperative renal dysfunction after abdominal aortic cross-clamping.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1995

[A case of beneficial effect of ulinastatin on postoperative renal function in a patient with acute renal failure].

We experienced a case in which ulinastatin may have been beneficial to improve postoperative renal function in a patient with acute renal failure. The patient had acute renal failure with serum Cr of 9.3 mg.dl-1 after nephrectomy. On the 14th postoperative day, he underwent laparotomy under diagnosis of ileus. Administration of ulinastatin, 300,000 units.day-1 for 4 days, increased urine volume and creatine clearance and improved serum Cr level. This case suggests that ulinastatin might exert a beneficial effect on the recovery from renal tubular damage and on the glomerular filtration ratio, with resultant improvement of acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1995

Novel thiazole derivatives as inhibitors of superoxide production by human neutrophils: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.

Neutrophils have an important role in the self-defense systems of organisms through the production of superoxide. On the other hand, it has been proposed that abnormal amounts of superoxide produced by neutrophils are a serious factor in tissue injury. A series of novel thiazole derivatives was prepared and evaluated inhibitory effect on superoxide production by human neutrophils in vitro. Among these compounds, 6-[2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)thiazol-4-yl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (OPC-6535) was selected as one of the most promising compounds. The synthesis and structure-activity relationships of these compounds are reported herein.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Wound healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats and the effects of cimetidine and calcitonin, with special reference to prolylhydroxylase and collagenase enzyme activity.

The healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats and the effects of cimetidine and calcitonin were investigated with reference to the enzyme activity of both prolylhydroxylase and collagenase as related to histological findings. The rats were observed by endoscopy on the 3rd day after the subserosal injection of acetic acid; rats with ulcers were divided into three groups: non-treated, and cimetidine- and calcitonin-treated. The latter two groups were treated for 7 days. Prolylhydroxylase activity in active ulcers in the non-treated group was slightly higher on the 3rd day and significantly higher on the 10th day than the activity in control rats that had received subserosal injections of physiological saline solution on the respective days. In non-treated rats, the healed ulcer on the 10th day showed lower prolylhydroxylase activity than that in the active ulcer on the same day. Cimetidine did not affect prolylhydroxylase activity, but, with calcitonin, there was higher prolylhydroxylase activity in the healed than in the active ulcer, although the difference was not significant. Interstitial collagenase showed the highest activity on the 3rd day and decreased on the 10th day in non-treated rats. Collagenase activity was higher in the cimetidine-treated group, than that in the non-treated group, and numerous peroxidase-positive granulocytes were seen in the mucosa and submucosa. Calcitonin did not affect collagenase activity. The participation of both enzymes is indispensable in the healing process and the effects of anti-ulcer agents on these enzymes must be considered.

Acetates↗
PubMed1995

Response to interferon therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C.

We evaluated the effect of interferon therapy and investigated factors that may influence the outcome in 18 children with chronic hepatitis C. A complete response was obtained in 10 children (56%). The titer for pretreatment serum virus ribonucleic acid (< or = 10(7) copies/ml) was correlated significantly with a complete response to therapy.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1995

Clinicopathologic study of CD56 (NCAM)-positive angiocentric lymphoma occurring in sites other than the upper and lower respiratory tract.

The expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) (CD56, NKH-1) is a rare phenomenon in malignant lymphoma. Recently, several authors, including our group, described the clinicopathologic, phenotypic, and genotypic features of NCAM-positive tumors as a unique subgroup within a larger category of hematolymphoid malignancies. Ten cases of CD56+ angiocentric lymphoma occurring in sites other than the upper aerodigestive tract were studied for evaluating their characteristics. The disease occurred in six men and four women varying from 24 to 85 years (mean age, 53 years) who often exhibited a striking predilection for extranodal sites of involvement, such as the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and muscle, usually in the absence of peripheral lymphadenopathy. Although the cytologic appearances and immunophenotypic profile varied from case to case, these tumors often exhibited azurophilic granules, an angiocentric growth pattern, and surface CD3-, T-cell receptor (TCR) antigens-, and CD56+ phenotype without B-cell phenotype, except for a single case of CD3+, TCR alpha/beta+, and CD56+ phenotype. Genotype investigation exhibited germline configuration of the TCR beta and gamma chain genes and the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene in all five cases of surface CD3- phenotype examined, whereas the case of CD3+ phenotype showed rearrangement of TCR beta. They seem to constitute a distinct entity of the lineage spectrum spanning from natural killer (NK) cell to NK-like T cell.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The positive nuclear staining observed with monoclonal antibody against PRAD1/cyclin D1 correlates with mRNA expression in mantle cell lymphoma.

Recently, we produced a monoclonal antibody, 5D4, against the PRAD1/cyclin D1 product and suggested positive nuclear staining to be associated with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Now we have further characterized the specificity of this antibody and studied the relation of immunohistochemical detection to PRAD1/cyclin D1 mRNA expression and DNA rearrangement. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting studies demonstrated the 5D4 antibody to be crossreactive with cyclin D2, but not cyclin D3. On immunostaining, 15 of 19 MCL cases (79%) presented the nuclear staining pattern and PRAD1/cyclin D1 mRNA expression was detected by Northern blot analysis in 12 of 15 MCL cases studied (80%): all cases with the mRNA expression showed the nuclear staining pattern. Southern blot analysis with 11q13 BCL-1 probes detected DNA rearrangements in 8 of 19 MCL cases (42%), all 8 exhibiting PRAD1/cyclin D1 mRNA expression. In 21 lymphoma cases of types other than MCL, neither the mRNA expression nor the nuclear staining were observed, although cytoplasmic staining was often apparent. These results indicated that positive nuclear staining of lymphoma cells by 5D4 antibody reflects PRAD1/cyclin D1 mRNA expression, and showed that this monoclonal antibody has diagnostic value for differentiating MCL from other types of lymphomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Ichthyosiform eruption in a patient with Dubowitz syndrome.

Dubowitz syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, moderate mental retardation, typical craniofacial anomalies, and eczematous skin lesions. We report a case of Dubowitz syndrome associated with ichthyosiform skin changes.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

Pharmaceutical characterization of commercially available intravenous fat emulsions: estimation of average particle size, size distribution and surface potential using photon correlation spectroscopy.

Particle profiles such as the average diameter, size distribution and dispersion, as well as the zeta potential, of commercially available intravenous fat emulsions of high-calorie nutrient fluids (6 products) and drug carriers (4 products) were examined using photon correlation spectroscopy (dynamic light scattering). Wide variations were observed in number-weighted (dn), weight-weighted (dw) and z-average diameters, and dw/dn ratios as a measure of polydispersity. Average size is not sufficient for the pharmaceutical characterization of particles and the determination of size distribution or dw/dn value is essential for more precise information. Although measuring the zeta potential of fat emulsions is of considerable value in estimating their stability on long-term storage, a medium which accurately reflects the environment of the droplets in the system of interest should be chosen when diluting the emulsion.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1995

Alcohol intake increases hepatitis C virus-induced hepatocellular injury.

To examine the effects of drinking on liver injury in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive subjects, 3,062 HBs-negative subjects were divided into 9 groups according to anti-HCV-titer (second-generation passive hemagglutination) and alcohol intake. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were analyzed by multiple-comparison test. In 2,826 anti-HCV-negative subjects and in 73 low titer (<2(12)) subjects (91% were HCV-RNA-negative), the mean ALT or AST of moderate drinkers (<46 g of ethanol/day) was not significantly higher than that of non-drinkers and all values were within normal limits. In 163 high-titer (> or = 2(12)) subjects (91% were HCV-RNA-positive), moderate drinkers showed significantly higher levels of mean ALT or AST than non-drinkers; 73 vs 44 IU/l or 56 vs 44 IU/l (p < 0.05). These data indicated that drinking increases hepatocellular injury in persistent HCV infection.

Adult↗