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Biomedical subjects

H Koller

Publications and source records attributed to H Koller.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The surgical and nonsurgical management of persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous.

Fifteen patients (16 eyes) with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) were followed from one to four years. All but one of the nine eyes in the nonsurgical group showed progressive deterioration. A closed intraocular microsurgical (CIOM) approach posterior to the limbus was used in seven eyes. Three intraoperative complications involving the retina occurred because the retina in these cases inserted directly into the pars plicata and due to the presence of a thick, well-formed vitreous gel. Anterior placement of incisions is recommended to avoid intraoperative complications in small eyes. Early CIOM management is suggested in selected cases of PHPV to prevent progressive deterioration leading to phthisis and to afford reasonable cosmetic improvements.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1981

A functional classification of seizures and its distribution in a mentally retarded population.

A functional classification of seizure impairment was described and its distribution examined in a population classified as mentally retarded in childhood and followed to age 22. Twenty-five percent of the sample had some history of seizures up to age 22. Seizure histories were found for 19 percent of these retarded persons in the preschool years and 13 percent in each period of early, late, and postschool years. A drop in minor seizure impairment occurred after age 5. A slightly higher frequency of seizure histories among males was found, largely due to subjects whose IQs were 50 to 59, where 44 percent of the males and 5 percent of the females had seizure histories. No significant association was found between degree of seizure impairment and severity of mental retardation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Unusual cause of an arteriovenous coronary fistula (author's transl)].

Shortly after a febrile "flu" a systolo-diastolic murmur was heard in a 25-year-old female. Clinically a ruptured sinus-Valsalva aneurysm was assumed. Coronary angiography revealed a fistula between the right coronary artery and the right atrium. A density on X-ray along a rib led to a biopsy and the specimen showed an angiosarcoma. Very fast growing and spreading into the lungs, liver and many bones caused death 6 months after onset. Autopsy showed many metastases from an angiosarcoma and a fistula between the right coronary artery and the right atrium due to sarcomatous masses.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Selective coronary angiography with jodamide (author's transl)].

In 188 coronary angiographies Jodamide was found to be a substance which resulted in good to excellent contrasts and is so the best basis for an exact evaluation. It caused a transient fall of heart rate and blood pressure. Changes of E.C.G. disappeared quickly. Severe disturbances of the heart rhythm didn't appear. Severe general reactions were seldom and never fatal. More frequently mild reactions occurred, but only in two cases a therapy was necessary. The results show that Jodamide is an excellent contrast medium for selective coronary angiography.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1979

Some characteristics of a population of mentally retarded young adults in a British city. A basis for estimating some service needs.

A population of young people who are mentally retarded is described in terms of the frequency of various kinds and degrees of impairment--intellectual, physical and behavioural. The population consisted of all those born in 1951--1955 who were resident in a city in 1962 and who at any time during the school years had been placed in any mental retardation service. The prevalence of the mentally retarded as defined is sixteen per 1000. Age specific prevalence rates for the same population rise from age five, reach a plateau of fourteen per 1000 from ages ten to fifteen and then drop sharply for the post-school period to a rate of five to six per 1000. Classifications of physical impairment, seizure histories and behaviour disturbances are described. Percentages are given separately for those with each impairment and in combination for each individual. For the survivors at age twenty-two, 44 per cent had physical impairments, 26 per cent had a history of seizures and 46 per cent had experienced behaviour disturbances. Results are discussed in relation to service needs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The contributions of differing degrees of acute and chronic malnutrition to the intellectual development of Jamaican boys.

The purpose of this paper is to determine whether differing degrees and types of malnutrition cause differing degrees of mental impairment. Subjects were 59 Jamaican boys hospitalized for malnutrition in infancy and whose intelligence was assessed at school age. The measure used for degree of chronic malnutrition was height for age and for acute malnutrition weight for height. The measure of intelligence was the I.Q. (WISC). Because the social environment in which a child lives influences his intellectual development, a measure of social background was used as an independent variable in addition to the nutrition measures. Social background showed a significant effect on I.Q. but neither measure of nutrition was significant. A further analysis using comparisons who had not been hospitalized for malnutrition suggests that malnutrition may contribute to mental impairment, through a threshold effect rather than acting as a continuous variable where increasing degrees of malnutrition cause increasing degrees of mental impairment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Transesophageal rapid stimulation of the left atrium in atrial tachycardias (author's transl)].

A new method to interrupt atrial tachycardias is reported. With an esophageal double-electrode the left atrium is stimulated with an external pacemaker at rates of 400 per minute and with 10 to 20 mAmp; The rhythm-disturbances treated in this way were: atrial tachycardias with constant or inconstant blocks and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias. 7 of 9 cases reported showed positive results, i.e. electrically induced atrial fibrillation and sinusrhythm immediately or within the first hour after stopping the pacer (6) or atrial fibrillation after disconnection from the pacer at a lower heart-rate than before (1). In 2 cases the technique was applied without success. The transoesophageal rapid left atrial stimulation (oeRLAS) is painless, can be applied without sterile measures and even without X-ray-control just by observing the oesophageal Ecg. Digitalisation is unimportant. The technique described may prove useful in cases of atrial tachycardias esp; in intensive care units.

Atrial Flutter↗
PubMed1977

[Percutaneous implantation of permanent pacemakers (author's transl)].

2 methods for the implantation of permanent pacemakers with percutaneous puncture of the subclavian vein are described. The first one was used in 44 patients with the aid of an introducing catheter-set Desilets-Hoffman consisting of guide-wire, inner Teflon dummy catheter and outer thin-walled sheath; through this a shoulder-less electrode catheter no. 8 could be inserted for permanent pacing. The other technique was applied to 20 patients and used thinner special electrodes no. 6F, which could be introduced directly through a plastic cannula inserted with a puncture-needle. The advantages are: diminished risk of infections, local anesthesia instead of general anesthesia, applicability by the cardiologist in the catheterization-laboratory or under a simple fluoroscopy-unit, short stay of patients in the hospital without transfers to other departments, few personnel (1 scrubbed doctor, 1 non-scrubbed nurse), recognition of venous anomalies (singular left superior caval vein) without useless incisions for the patient. Complications such as pneumothorax, puncture of the subclavian artery, and dislocations of the electrodes have also been encountered.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1975

[Syncope in glossopharyngeal neuralgia].

The case is presented of a 51-year-old man with symptomatic glossopharyngeal neuralgia who exhibited syncope during some of the neuralgic attacks. Clinically and pathophysiologically, these syncopes differ from the "carotid sinus syndrome" by the fact that they are caused by irritation of the sensory fibers of the IXth cerebral nerve instead of the pressoreceptors in the carotid sinus. While carbamazepine (Tegretol) had only transient beneficial effects, complete relief of symptoms was obtained by intracranial section of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

Carbamazepine↗
PubMed1975

[Phagocytosis of cell wall defective bacteria by human macrophages (author's transl)].

Statistically significant better phagocytosis of spheroplasts was found by comparing the rate of phagocytosis of normal and Penicillin-G induced cell wall defective bacterial (spheroplasts) by human macrophages in isotonic media using a Proteus mirabilis strain as test organism. This provides additional information concerning the minor role of cell wall defective bacteria as persisters in chronic infections.

Bacterial Infections↗