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Biomedical subjects

H Koide

Publications and source records attributed to H Koide.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Sex differences in schizophrenic delusions].

The authors compared delusions of male schizophrenics (56 cases) with those of female schizophrenics (41 cases) on the following points: 1) characteristics of objects of delusions, i) existence of the central object, ii) their description on this central object, iii) sex of this central object, 2) existence of the erotic-heterosexual delusion, 3) existence of the descent delusion, 4) existence of the sexual cenestopathy, and found that both sexes have many more male objects in their delusions than female objects, and that more women than men have delusions about acquaintances, erotic-heterosexual delusions, and sexual cenestopathy, while more men than women have delusions about distant or abstract objects. Comparing these findings with those of the other authors, the authors discuss them from clinical, psychopathological and psychodynamic perspectives.

Delusions↗
PubMed1990

[Alteration of polyol metabolism in glomeruli of streptozotocin diabetic rats--analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry].

The purpose of the present study is to determine polyols and sugars in glomeruli obtained from streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Sixty milligram per kg body weight of STZ was injected to Sprague-Dawley male rats and then the animals were sacrificed 4 and 12 weeks after the injection. One group of STZ diabetic rats was treated with 8-14 units of NPH insulin for 3 weeks. Glomeruli were isolated by sieving methods. The concentration of polyols and sugars was measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The levels of glucose, sorbitol, fructose, mannose, ribitol and erythritol in the glomeruli were significantly higher in 4- or 12-week diabetic rats than those in control rats, whereas the level of scyllo-inositol was decreased. In insulin treated 4-week diabetic rats, the levels of all polyols but scyllo-inositol were significantly decreased compared with untreated diabetic rats. The level of myo-inositol in glomeruli of 12-week diabetic rats was significantly higher than those of control rats, whereas that of erythritol was decreased. The urinary N-acetyl glucosaminidase activity as well as creatinine clearance was increased in 4- and 12-week diabetic rats. Urinary protein was also increased in 12-week diabetic rats. These findings suggest that the alterations of polyol metabolism in glomeruli of diabetes may play an important role in the pathogenesis and/or progression of diabetic nephropathy. It is likely that treatment with insulin improves the alteration of polyol metabolism in the glomeruli in early stages of diabetes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A study of renal leak of 99mTc-DMSA in maleate-treated rats by factor analysis].

To elucidate renal leak of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) in maleate-treated rats, plasma amino acid levels and urinary excreted % doses of 99mTc-DMSA and 131I-ortho-iodohippurate (131I-OIH) were studied by factor analysis. 0.4 m mol of Na-maleate dissolved in 2 ml of saline was intraperitoneally injected twice at an interval of 20 hours. Four hours later after second injection, mixture of 99mTc-DMSA and 131I-OIH was injected from tail vein. Urine was collected 15 minutes later to calculate the excretion ratios. Then rats were sacrificed by decapitation and blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture to determine plasma levels of amino acids and their metabolites. Urinary excreted % doses of 99mTc-DMSA were 10.1 +/- 1.3% in control group (n = 5) and 10.6 +/- 4.9% in maleate-treated group (n = 10). Of the 10 treated rats, only 2 rats showed clearly increased excretion of 99mTc-DMSA (19.1% and 19.4% respectively and others ranged from 6.2% to 12.0%). Fifteen variables used for factor analysis consisted of the % doses of two kinds of radiopharmaceuticals and 13 kinds of the data of amino acids analysis. Statistical procedures were as follows. Varimax rotation was performed, two factors were extracted and factor scores for each rat were plotted to obtain scattergram. Interpretation of the results led to a hypothesis that renal leak of 99mTc-DMSA might be relevant to decreased glutamine metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A case of Wegener's granulomatosis showing a dramatic response to corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide therapy--evaluation of anticytoplasmic antibodies (ACPA) in serum samples.

A case of Wegener's granulomatosis with renal dysfunction is described. Granulomatous lesions of the lung, left eyelid and left leg, and chronic sinusitis were observed at the time of admission. Renal and skin biopsy specimens revealed typical features of Wegener's granulomatosis on light microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy. A dramatic response occurred following corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide therapy, characterized by improvement of proteinuria and renal function, and disappearance of the granulomas and 67gallium citrate accumulations in both the eyes and nose. Furthermore, the levels of anticytoplasmic antibodies (ACPA) in the serum samples were significantly decreased after such therapy. It appears that combined therapy with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide can be effective in improving proteinuria and renal dysfunction, and in reducing of ACPA in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1989

Serum levels of interleukin-2 receptor and disease activity in patients with IgA nephropathy.

The levels of serum interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with IgA nephropathy. The aim of the present study was to determine if levels of serum IL-2R might correlate with disease activity in patients with IgA nephropathy. Twenty-eight patients with IgA nephropathy were examined. This study showed a significant correlation between the levels of serum IL-2R and disease activities, i.e., levels of urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid, in patients with IgA nephropathy. The levels of serum IL-2R in patients with moderate or advanced stage of IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those in patients with the minimal or slight stage of this disease or in healthy adults. It was suggested that the measurement of serum IL-2R is useful in evaluating the degree of disease activity and/or prognosis in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Computer imaging analysis of glomerular extracellular components in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Computer imaging analysis was used for quantitative evaluation of the extents, amounts and distributions of glomerular extracellular components, such as the 7S and NC-1 domains of type IV collagen, laminin (LN), fibronectin (FN) and IgA, in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy. Renal biopsy specimens from 13 patients with IgA nephropathy were incubated with mouse monoclonal antibodies against the FN or non-collagenous (NC-1) domain of type IV collagen or polyclonal antiserum against the LN or 7S domain of human type IV collagen, and then stained with appropriate dilutions of FITC-labeled anti-mouse Ig antisera. Marked staining of the 7S or NC-1 domain of type IV collagen, LN or FN was detected in the glomerular capillary walls and/or mesangial areas in patients with IgA nephropathy. In particular, a prominent increase of FN was observed in the subendothelial regions of glomerular capillary walls, i.e. mesangial interposition, in the moderate or advanced stage of IgA nephropathy. Therefore, computer imaging analysis was shown to be useful for the quantitative determination of such components distributed in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy.

Complement C3↗
PubMed1989

A case of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome with a dramatic response to corticosteroid therapy.

A 23-year-old female with acute renal failure associated with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis is reported. Renal tubular acidosis and inflammatory reactions consisting of markedly increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and high serum immunoglobulin levels were seen on admission. Light microscopy revealed infiltration of mononuclear cells in the interstitium. Immunofluorescence of renal tissues was negative in staining for immunoglobulins, fibrinogen, and complement components. Bone marrow specimens did not show any granulomatous lesions. The etiology of this tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome was not clear. Immunological evaluation showed a slight decrease of the OKT4/OKT8 ratio in the peripheral blood. OKT8- and OKM1-positive cells had infiltrated diffusely into the renal interstitium. Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis responded dramatically to steroid therapy. It was suggested that immunological factors might correlate with the onset and/or development of this syndrome. It is indicated that high-dose steroid therapy might be useful for patients with acute interstitial nephritis and uveitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Value of stress thallium-201 emission tomography for predicting improvement after coronary bypass grafting and assessing graft patency.

To examine the value of stress and redistribution thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for predicting improvement after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and for assessing graft patency, 17 patients underwent SPECT before and after CABG. Preoperatively, 16 patients (94%) showed reversible ischemia with redistribution, and defect score decreased from 16.4 +/- 7.6 to 8.3 +/- 5.8 (p less than 0.001) on 2 hour delayed images. Stress electrocardiography was positive in 15 cases (88%). The stress defect score was reduced postoperatively (7.8 +/- 6.3) as compared to the preoperative score (16.4 +/- 7.6) (p less than 0.001). Postoperatively, 7 cases (41%) showed reversible ischemia and the defect score decreased from 11.3 +/- 6.5 to 6.1 +/- 4.7 (p less than 0.05), while 4 cases (23.5%) showed positive stress electrocardiograms (ECG). Resting left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) improved in 6 cases (48.3 +/- 5.4% preoperatively to 56.8 +/- 7.4% postoperatively, p less than 0.05) and showed a reduction in 11 (58.2 +/- 10.5% to 47.5 +/- 9.4%, p less than 0.01). Grafts were occluded in 6 cases, and redistribution was evident on the delayed thallium images in all cases (100%), while stress ECG was positive in only 3 (50%). Thus, stress and redistribution SPECT is valuable for identifying patients who will improve after surgery and assessing graft patency more accurately than stress ECG. Resting LVEF was less useful for assessing improvement in LV function.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Age-related cerebral white matter changes on computed tomography].

Changes of cerebral white matter on computed cranial tomography related to aging were studied in 70 subjects aged 30 to 94 years. The subjects had no histories of cerebrovascular accidents and no abnormalities in the central nervous system were shown by physical examinations nd CT scans. We measured the average attenuation values (CT numbers) of each elliptical region (165 pixels, 0.39 cm2) in the bilateral thalamus and twelve areas of deep white matter. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the effects of age, cranial size and cranial bone CT numbers on the brain CT numbers. We also studied the association between brain CT numbers and brain atrophy, hypertension, diabetes mellitus. CT numbers of frontal white matter surrounding anterior horns decreased with aging in 70 subjects aged 30 to 94 years. No significant correlation between age and brain CT numbers was found in any other region by multivariate analysis, because of the prominent effect of cranial bone CT numbers on brain CT numbers. Although no age-related changes of white matter CT numbers was found in 41 subjects aged 30 to 65 years, there were significant negative correlations between age and white matter CT numbers at all regions in 29 subjects aged 66 to 94 years. Brain atrophy was associated with brain CT numbers. No association was found for hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Brain CT numbers decreased with aging even in neurologically healthy persons in older age. Brain CT numbers also decreased as cerebral atrophy advanced.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Serum concentration of laminin in renal cell carcinoma].

Serum concentration of laminin was measured radioimmunologically in 19 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 71 normal controls. The serum laminin levels of renal cell carcinoma patients were significantly higher than those of normal controls. After nephrectomy the elevated serum levels of laminin showed marked decreases in most of the patients without metastasis. By the immunofluorescent technique with LAM-1, a monoclonal antibody which is specific to laminin A and B chains , strong fluorescence was found in the extracellular matrix in renal cancer tissue. Taken all these facts together, renal cell carcinoma may be a laminin synthetic tumor. The average serum laminin level of the patients with a disseminated disease were significantly higher than that of the patients with a localized disease. The elevated serum level of laminin may play an important role in the process of tumor metastasis. Furthermore, our data suggest that elevated laminin levels may predict the subsequent course of a tumor condition. The monitoring of serum laminin level may be valuable for following-up of the course of renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[An elderly patient with IgD myeloma associated with renal amyloidosis and acute renal failure].

A 83-year-old male patient with IgD myeloma associated with renal amyloidosis and acute renal failure is described. We also reviewed the clinicopathological findings of IgD myeloma in the literature. Although hemodialysis was performed 36 times for acute renal failure, he died of severe gastrointestinal bleeding. Renal necropsy specimens revealed typical features of amyloidosis in light microscopic, electron microscopic and immunofluorescent examinations. The levels of serum IgD (755 mg/dl), immunoelectrophoresis, and immunofluorescence of bone marrow and renal specimens were consistent with IgD myeloma (lambda type). IgD myeloma is generally considered to be a rare disease of juvenile onset and is complicated with extramyelogenic tumors according to previous reports. However, IgD myeloma without extramyelogenic tumors occurred in a 83-year-old patient reported here. It appears that advanced age onset IgD myeloma associated with renal amyloidosis and acute renal failure is rare. This was the oldest case of IgD myeloma we examined.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative studies of clinicopathological findings in patients with adult and juvenile onset of IgA nephropathy].

Comparative studies of clinicopathological findings were carried out in 89 patients with adult and juvenile onset of IgA nephropathy. Among 89 patients with IgA nephropathy, there were 42 patients with juvenile onset, i.e less than 19 years old, and 47 patients with adult onset, i.e. more than 35 years old. Clinical activities of both groups were examined as follows; urinary protein, mean blood pressure renal function (PSP 15 min, Ccr) and serum IgA (s-IgA). The histology of renal tissues was also examined by light microscopy and immunofluorescence in both groups. The levels of mean blood pressure or s-IgA in patients with adult onset group were significantly higher than those in patients with juvenile onset group (p less than 0.001). The levels of Ccr in patients with adult onset group were markedly decreased. The patients with more than 1.0g/day of proteinuria and more than 110 mmHg of mean blood pressure showed severe proliferative glomerular injuries by light microscopy. It is suggested that the patients with adult onset of IgA nephropathy show severe progressive and/or exacerbating factors during the clinical course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Hair aluminium in normal aged and senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

To investigate relationship between aluminium and senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT), hair aluminium concentration was measured by ICP method in 35 cases of SDAT (mean 80 yr.) diagnosed clinically and 71 normal aged volunteers (mean 76 yr.). In normal aged, cerebral blood flow (CBF) also determined by Xe133 inhalation method simultaneously. Mean hair aluminium concentration in SDAT was within normal range of Japanese subjects and significantly lower than that of normal aged controls. There was no significant aging effect to hair aluminium concentration in both groups. Hair calcium and magnesium concentrations were significantly lower in SDAT than that of normal aged. Hair aluminium positively correlated to hair calcium and magnesium in SDAT. Hair aluminium negatively correlated to CBF, and CBF positively correlated to calcium and magnesium concentrations in hair in normal aged. Hair aluminium concentration does not appear to be of use in the diagnosis of SDAT. However, it is undeniable that decreased calcium and magnesium enhance selective accumulation of aluminium in the brain in SDAT. Inverse correlation between hair aluminium and CBF in normal aged suggests that aluminium might have some contribution to aging of the brain.

Affect↗
PubMed1989

Glomerular T cell and monocyte populations in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Renal tissues from 19 patients with the minimal or slight stage of IgA nephropathy were examined for evidence of glomerular T cell or monocyte infiltration using monoclonal antibodies to identify T cells (OKT3, OKT11), T cell subsets (OKT4, OKT8), and monocytes and null cells (OKM1) by indirect immunofluorescence. Renal tissues from 12 patients at the same stage of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis without IgA deposition were also investigated by these procedures. Light microscopic examination of the same renal tissues was also performed. Reactive glomerular mononuclear cells were found to be numerous in patients with IgA nephropathy. The most prominent type of glomerular cells was OKT8 positive. T cell subsets and OKM1 positive cells in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly increased as compared to those from patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Focal segmental proliferation of mesangial cells was observed in glomeruli which showed an accumulation of OKT8 positive cells. It is concluded that the immuno-regulatory mechanism involving T cells and/or monocytes might be one of the exacerbating factors in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Glomerulonephritis, IGA↗
PubMed1988

Preparation of anti-ras Mr 21,000 protein monoclonal antibodies and immunohistochemical analyses on expression of ras genes in human stomach and thyroid cancers.

Sixteen clones (RASK-1 to -16) of murine monoclonal antibodies were raised against ras Mr 21,000 protein (p21). The p21 produced by Escherichia coli with inserted v-Ki-ras genes was used as immunogen. RASK-1 was found to be specific for Ki-ras p21, whereas RASK-2 to -16 reacted with the p21s of Ki-, N-, and Ha-ras genes in both enzyme-linked immunosorbent and immunoblotting assays. Binding inhibition assays with biotinylated monoclonal antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the monoclonal antibodies of the 16 clones included those binding to several mutually distinct sites on p21. The expressions of ras p21 in human stomach and thyroid tissues were examined with RASK-3, which reacted with all the Ki-, N-, and Ha-ras p21s immunohistochemically by the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of 101 cases of stomach cancer, 53 cases of noncancerous stomach, 74 cases of cancer of the thyroid, and 59 cases of noncancerous thyroid were analyzed. In both the stomach and thyroid, cancer cells expressed p21 predominantly. Cells of cases with various noncancerous disorders as well as certain types of normal cells were also p21 positive. These findings suggest that precaution is required in use of p21 as a cancer marker. Expression of p21 was noted in moderately to well-differentiated stomach cancer, intestinal metaplasia, and atypical hyperplasia. This finding suggests that the appearance of p21 in stomach cancer may be initiated before cytological transformation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗