Development of hemoglobin oxygen optical sensors for automatic control of artificial heart output.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Kohno
Publications and source records attributed to H Kohno.
Developmental changes in tissue distribution of gallium-67 citrate.
The developmental changes in the biodistribution of [67Ga]citrate were studied in rats. The uptake of 67Ga in many tissues changed clearly with age and the fluctuation pattern was characteristic in each tissue. The uptake in heart and bone decreased, but increased in epiphysis with development. In liver, a transient increase in 67Ga accumulation appeared in the course of growth. These changes in 67Ga uptake in tissues were in good agreement with the developmental changes in the levels of nucleotides or protein synthesis that have been found by a large number of studies. These results suggest the existence of a close relationship between 67Ga accumulation and the growth rate of tissues.
Aging↗
Control of phenotypic expression of cultured B16 melanoma cells by plant glycosides.
The effects of two plant glycosides, ginsenosides Rh1 and Rh2, on the growth and differentiation of mouse melanoma (B16) cells in culture were studied. These plant glycosides have a dammarane skeleton resembling a steroid skeleton as an aglycone. Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits the growth of B16 melanoma cells, causes morphological alterations, and stimulates melanogenesis at high cellular density. When ginsenoside Rh2 was removed after 2 or 6 days of treatment, the growth rate recovered slightly but not completely, during the period of observation (4 days after removal). On the other hand, ginsenoside Rh1 does not inhibit the growth of melanoma cells even at concentrations over 100 microM but stimulates the expression of the melanotic phenotype. Ginsenosides Rh1 and Rh2, possessing a glucose molecule at C-6 and C-3, respectively, have very similar chemical structures, but their effects on B16 melanoma cells differ remarkably. While it appears that the degree of differentiation is inversely related to cell growth, the present observations suggest that the differentiation and growth capacity of this B16 melanoma subline are independent phenotypic expressions.
Animals↗
[Studies on the symptoms of EPH-gestosis patients one month after delivery].
We investigated 1805 puerperants, after the twenty-fourth-week of pregnancy, who delivered from January 1st, 1981 till December 31st, 1982 in our hospital. 271 pregnancies were diagnosed as EPH-gestosis according to the new diagnostic standard in Japan (prevalence 15%). The severer the type of EPH-gestosis that had been diagnosed during pregnancy, the more symptoms they showed and the more often complications were diagnosed one month after delivery. In mild type as well as in severe type EPH-gestosis patients, if they had more than one symptom one month after delivery, they were more frequently diagnosed as having complications in pregnancy. In addition, those who had one or more symptoms one month after delivery often had shown symptoms of EPH-gestosis earlier in pregnancy. There were no significant correlations between the symptoms one month after delivery and the age of the mother, or between these symptoms and the time of delivery. Furthermore there was no significant correlation between these symptoms and the frequency of neonatal asphyxia, or the frequency of intrauterine death. These data suggest that symptoms one month after delivery of EPH-gestosis have some relation to complications in pregnancy.
Adult↗
[Studies on the alteration of the unconjugated estriol level of the maternal vein after the onset of labor].
We measured maternal venous unconjugated estriol (UE3) levels in 244 cases (218 cases with labor and 26 without labor). We investigated the relationships between several obstetrical factors and UE3 levels. There was no significant difference between the group with labor and the group without labor. However, in multipara, the UE3 level fell gradually with prolonged duration of labor. There were significant positive correlations between the UE3 levels and birth weights (n = 82, r = 0.375, p less than 0.001), and placental weights (n = 82, r = 0.381, p less than 0.001) in multipara with labor. There was no significant difference according to sex between the UE3 levels of a mother carrying a male or female fetus. The UE3 levels of fetal distress cases (n = 30, mean +/- S.E. 20.0 +/- 8.6 ng/ml) were significantly (p less than 0.02) lower than those without fetal distress (n = 188, 24.5 +/- 9.7 ng/ml). These data suggest that after the onset of labor, maternal venous UE3 has some relationship to feto-placental function.
Body Weight↗
[Plasma and urinary metanephrine in essential hypertension. Determination of metanephrine by radioimmunoassay].
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Epinephrine↗
Effects of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on liver regeneration in partially hepatectomized rats.
Five-fluorouracil (5-FU) was given to rats at various periods following two-thirds hepatectomy and the effects of this drug on the regenerating liver were investigated. In one group of rats, two-thirds hepatectomy was carried out (Group I). In four other groups, 20 mg/kg 5-FU was given intravenously three times: 0, 24, 48 hours (Group II); 12, 36, 60 hours (Group III); 24, 48, 72 hours (Group IV); and 3, 4, 5 days (Group V) after the same operation. The peaks of DNA synthesis and mitoses of liver cells were noted on the first postoperative day in Groups I, IV and V. Persistent suppression and delay of DNA synthesis was induced in Groups II and III, while in Group IV, DNA synthesis and liver cell divisions were suppressed temporarily after the drug administration but recovered thereafter. There was no significant suppression in Group V. The serum albumin levels and survival rates paralleled the DNA synthesis. These results indicate that in case of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, great care must be directed to the time when DNA synthesis and mitosis of hepatocytes have not yet reached their peaks, because adjuvant chemotherapy in this period may be life-threatening.
Animals↗
Examination of the subcellular distribution of tripeptide aminopeptidase and evaluation of its clinical usefulness in human serum.
Following electrophoretic separation, we assayed tripeptide aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.4) in human tissues and sera free of interferences by other aminopeptidases. Tripeptide aminopeptidase is distributed in various human tissues, with the highest activity observed in liver and lymphocytes. The highest specific activity of the enzyme was observed in the soluble fraction prepared from liver, and 65% of the enzyme activity in the original homogenate was recovered in this fraction. Cancerous and fetal tissues showed lower enzyme activities than normal adult tissues. Elevations of tripeptide aminopeptidase were observed in sera of patients with liver disorders, leukemias, and autoimmune diseases.
Aminopeptidases↗
Image restoration from non-uniform magnetic field influence for direct Fourier NMR imaging.
A new technique is proposed for NMR image restoration from the influence of main magnetic field non-uniformities. This technique is applicable to direct Fourier NMR imaging. The mathematical basis and details of this technique are fully described. Modification to include image restoration from non-linear field gradient influence is also presented. Computer simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of this technique for both Fourier zeugmatography and spin-warp imaging.
Fourier Analysis↗
Evaluation of cytosolic aminopeptidase in human sera. Evaluation in hepatic disorders.
Employing the quantitative electrophoretic separation of cytosolic "LAP" activity (EC. 3.4.11.1), the authors investigated the clinical significances of cytosolic and total "LAP" activities in the sera of patients with several different hepatic disorders and elucidated the previously confusing results of aminopeptidase measurements in clinical laboratories. The dominant aminopeptidases measured in human sera by L-leucinamide as substrate are both cytosolic "LAP" and microsomal aminopeptidase (EC. 3.4.11.2). Total "LAP" activity means the sum of these two aminopeptidases. Different substrate specificities are observed in these two enzymes located in other subcellular fractions and different increasing rates of these enzymes are observed in various hepatic diseases. In cases of acute hepatic cell damage, cytosolic "LAP" accounts for a large percentage of total "LAP" of a patient's serum. On the other hand, in cases of elevation of hepatobiliary enzymes, microsomal aminopeptidase constitutes a large part of total "LAP" activity, and the ratio between cytosolic and total "LAP" activity is very low.
Aminopeptidases↗
Primary nongestational choriocarcinoma of submental region.
A case of a 47-year-old man with choriocarcinoma is reported. This case is quite unique in that the primary tumor presented in the submental region. Multiple remote metastases developed within a few weeks after the tumor extirpation, resulting in a fatal outcome. The neoplasm revealed the features of pure choriocarcinoma. By the immunoperoxidase method, it was demonstrated that both cyto- and syncytiotrophoblasts produced HCG.
Choriocarcinoma↗
Serum cortisol levels of maternal vein, umbilical artery, and umbilical vein classified by mode of delivery.
We measured maternal venous (MV), umbilical arterial (UA), and umbilical venous (UV) cortisol levels of 180 pregnancies at term. The cortisol level of MV was higher than that of UA and UV in all deliveries. The cortisol levels of three samples had no difference between the induced labor group and the spontaneous onset of labor group regardless of delivery mode. In spontaneous vaginal delivery the cortisol levels of three individual samples were significantly higher in primipara than in multipara. The positive correlations were observed in any modes of deliveries between the cortisol levels of MV and UA, and MV and UA and UV. These data suggest that the fetus may produce cortisol by itself and maternal cortisol may inflow to the fetus.
Breech Presentation↗
[Enzyme induction by rifampicin and its time-dependent pharmacokinetics].
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Adult↗
Normalization of thyroid stimulating hormone levels in acromegalic patients after selective adenomectomy.
Changes in TSH secretion in six acromegalic patients were studied before and after transsphenoidal adenomectomy (Hardy's method) and compared to normal subjects and six patients with prolactinoma. Basal serum GH levels ranging from 5 to over 250 ng/ml before adenomectomy decreased to below 5 ng/ml after the operation, and the abnormal responses of GH to TRH observed initially in three of the six patients almost disappeared in the post-adenomectomy period. The response of serum TSH to TRH in acromegalic patients improved in each of the six patients after the operation. The TRH-stimulated TSH secretion in patients with prolactinoma of a size and grade similar to those in acromegalic patients was not so extremely low as that in the acromegalic subjects. As indicators of thyroid function, serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), T3-uptake levels and free T4 indices did not change significantly after adenomectomy as compared with those before the operation in five of the six patients tested. Serum T3, T4 and T3-uptake levels and free T4 indices before adenomectomy were normal or subnormal in each patient except for a high serum T4 level and free T4 index before the operation in only one patient. Thus, it is difficult to conclude that the function of thyrotrophs was decreased by pressure upon the intact pituitary gland by the tumor, or that the thyroid gland also became hypertrophic secondary to the elevated GH, resulting in a large quantity of thyroid hormone being secreted, which caused a suppression of TSH secretion by negative feedback.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acromegaly↗
Serum cortisol levels in maternal venous, umbilical arterial and umbilical venous blood at delivery in the cases of fetal distress.
We measured maternal venous (MV), umbilical arterial (UA) and umbilical venous (UV) cortisol levels in 180 term pregnancies to investigate the changes of these hormone levels in the cases of fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia. The cortisol levels in UA and UV blood in the fetal distress group were significantly higher than those in the non-fetal distress group among spontaneous vaginal delivery cases. There were significant positive correlations among the cortisol levels in MV and UA, MV and UV, and UA and UV blood, respectively. These data suggest that in the case of fetal distress or neonatal asphyxia, mother and fetus have responded independently to the stress of delivery, and that maternal cortisol might not strongly affect the fetal cortisol secretion.
Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
[Binding of 67Ga with various acid glycosaminoglycans].
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Binding Sites↗
Comparative pharmacokinetics of 67Ga among the different routes of injection.
The pharmacokinetic study of 67Ga-citrate (67Ga) following intravenous (i.v.), subcutaneous (s.c.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection was performed in anesthetized rats using the repeated blood sampling method by cannulation technique into the external jugular vein. The disappearance of 67Ga from the blood following i.v. and s.c. injection was best fit a three-exponential equation. There was no significant difference between the areas under the curves following i.v. and s.c. injection of 67Ga. In the case of i.p. injection, the disappearance of 67Ga from the blood was described by a two-exponential equation. However, the maximum blood radioactivity was very low, and the disappearance rate of 67Ga from the blood was extremely slow compared to the other routes of injection. The conclusion from these results was that s.c. injection was as suitable as i.v. injection, but i.p. injection was not appropriate for the distribution study of 67Ga such as scintigraphy or autoradiography. However, i.p. route may be available for a special experiment which needs the long-time retention of 67Ga in the blood.
Animals↗
[Significance of human Tr cell in gastric cancer --with special reference to suppressor cell activity].
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from gastric cancer patients and normal donors were divided into T, non T, Tr, and T non-r cell fractions. Suppressor cell activity of each fraction and surface antigen of T cell subsets were investigated. T and Tr cell fractions activated by concanavalin A (Con A) significantly depressed the lymphocyte proliferative responsiveness (LP) to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) of responder autologous lymphocytes, but non T and T non-r cell fractions didn't. LP response to PHA of responder autologous cells were depressed by Tr cell fraction from gastric cancer patients without Con A activation, but not from normal donors. The percentage of Tr cells in T cells increased from 8.9% to 18.2% in gastric cancer patients, and from 4.7% to 9.5% in normal donors when lymphocytes were activated by Con A for 24 hours. The percentages of Tr cells reacting with OKT3, 4, and 8 monoclonal antibodies were 72.5%, 29.0% and 43.4%, respectively. Therefore, Tr cell was relatively enriched by OKT8 cell. The percentage of Tr cells and suppressor cell activity increased when normal lymphocytes were incubated with sera from gastric cancer patients for 24 hours and suppression by T, Tr and T non-r cell fractions 23%, 8% and 5%, respectively. From these results it is suggested that Tr cells contain suppressor precursors which can be activated by Con A in vitro and matured suppressor cells which have been already activated in vivo, and that higher proportion of suppressor precursors is found in gastric cancer patients as compared with normal donors. Furthermore, it is indicated that cancer sera may contain factors which induce suppressor cell and induction of suppressor cell activity requires the interaction between Tr cell and T non-r cell.
Antigens, Surface↗