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Biomedical subjects

H Kohno

Publications and source records attributed to H Kohno.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Better survival in women than in men after radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma.

During the period between January 1980 and December 1987, 229 male and 39 female adult patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were hospitalized in our unit. Radical hepatic resection was carried out in 90 (39.3%) males and 17 (43.6%) females in whom no specific cancer treatment had been attempted preoperatively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates in the male and female patients were 78% and 70%, 45% and 52%, and 19% and 52%, respectively. The difference was significant after 47 months. No substantial differences were found between the two groups with respect to age, preoperative clinical condition and laboratory data, method of liver resection, postoperative morbidity and mortality, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and histopathology of HCC and the liver. Only the incidence of alcohol abuse was significantly different, being higher in male than in female patients. However, the survival analysis demonstrated that alcohol abuse had had no influence on recurrence rate and long-term survival in either male or female patients. As a control, survival was analyzed for the patients with similar clinicopathological background but without HCC who had undergone distal splenorenal shunt for esophageal varices. There was no significant difference between the male and female patients. The current clinical results seems to support our hypothesis based upon sex hormone receptor studies that HCC may be androgen-dependent.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1989

[Coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with Sjögren's syndrome and other autoimmune diseases].

Coronary arterial involvement in collagen disease is a very rare complication. Particularly in Sjögren's syndrome is there no report of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We report a 68-year-old woman with various autoimmune diseases who underwent successful CABG for unstable angina pectoris. She had a history of Sjögren's syndrome, hypothyroidism, thrombocytopenia and lupoid hepatitis, and had been on the regimens of prednisolone and levothyroxine sodium during the last 4 years. Two months prior to admission when the doses of these drugs were increased, she began to complain of angina on mild exertion and occasionally even at rest. Selective coronary angiograms revealed 75% stenosis at Seg. 2 and 99% stenosis at Seg. 6. Based on these findings and severity of the angina, saphenous vein CABG to the posterior descending and the left anterior descending branches was performed. Despite the associated autoimmune diseases, the patient's postoperative course was uneventful and she is now doing well with no attack of angina, 12 months following the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[PTCA and coronary artery bypass operation prior to subsequent surgery of gastric cancer in patients with coronary artery disease].

Two patients with coronary artery disease required operation for gastric cancer. In one patient with single vessel disease, 37 days later after successful PTCA, gastric resection for early gastric cancer was performed without any cardiac complication. The other patient with severe three vessel disease initially underwent coronary artery bypass operation, and 13 days later gastric resection for advanced cancer was performed. This patient developed supraventricular arrhythmia as a sole complication which was easily controlled by medical treatment. In both cases, fentanyl was used as an anesthetic agent and nitroglycerin was continuously administered intravenously during the perioperative period. ECG, central venous pressure, and direct arterial pressure were also carefully monitored. We feel that noncardiac operation such as gastric resection can be performed without major cardiac complications even shortly after coronary artery bypass operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of open-heart surgery on renal function].

Effects of open-heart surgery on renal function were studied in 38 patients who had uneventful postoperative course with no sign of acute renal failure. Of these, 19 underwent aorto-coronary bypass grafting (Group 1) and 19 underwent valve replacement (Group 2). During cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) significantly decreased in both groups as compared to the preoperative values. The decreased GFR remained significantly low on the day of operation in both groups and returned to the preoperative level on the 1st postoperative day (POD) in group 1 and on the 3rd POD in group 2. On the other hand, plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level markedly increased during CPB and remained significantly higher than the preoperative level through the 1st POD. Despite the decreased GFR and increased ADH, however, urinary flow markedly increased during CPB in both groups and remained at significantly higher level than the preoperative values through the 3rd POD in group 1 and through the 5th POD in group 2. Fractional excretion of sodium significantly increased during CPB in both groups and remained high through the 1st POD in group 1 and through the 3rd POD in group 2. These data demonstrate that the renal function of urine concentration is disturbed in the early phase following open-heart surgery even in the patients who have uneventful postoperative course.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Concurrent treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal varices by hepatic resection and distal splenorenal shunt.

Ten patients with both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and esophageal or esophagogastric varices were concurrently treated by partial hepatic resection and distal splenorenal shunt. All the patients were men aged from 45 to 71 years. Four patients had had recent episodes of variceal bleeding. Six patients were considered to be at high risk for bleeding, as their varices were large and had "red color signs" endoscopically. Liver cirrhosis was associated with all cases. The grade of hepatic dysfunction was Child A in seven and Child B in three patients. As the HCCs were relatively small, partial wedge hepatectomy was carried out in all patients. Five patients underwent the original Warren shunt, but the remaining five had modified shunts with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) interposition. There was no operative mortality within one month. Nine patients with patent shunts had no variceal bleeding despite the fact that three of them had tumor recurrence in the liver. Hepatic encephalopathy occurred transiently in only one instance. Six patients were alive at the time this report was written, eight to 49 months after operation. Five were free of cancer and one had tumor recurrence. This result may indicate that relatively small HCCs and esophageal varices can be simultaneously treated by limited hepatic resection and distal splenorenal shunt in patients with Child A or B liver disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Continuous measurement of oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption in awake live animals.

For continuous measurement of both SO2 and [Hb] of whole blood, a hybrid type optical sensor was developed, tested in vitro and applied to the continuous measurement of arterial and mixed venous SO2 and [Hb] of awake live animals whose circulation was entirely supported by a pair of artificial hearts. The purpose of using artificial hearts was to control the cardiac function precisely and to obtain independent responses of the peripheral circulatory system. Both sensors in the arterial and venous circuits functioned satisfactorily for a duration of 40 days; no blood clots were observed around the sensor and the mixed venous SO2 varied sensitively in response to changes in the respiratory status, pump output, [Hb], and oxygen consumption, thus showing that it could be used as an indicator to evaluate the adequacy of oxygen delivery to peripheral tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The effect of FeCl3 on the accumulation of gallium-67 into inflammatory and normal tissues.

The effect of FeCl3 on the uptake of 67Ga by inflammatory and normal tissues was studied to clarify the role of transferrin in 67Ga uptake by inflammatory tissue. The administration of FeCl3 5 min before the injection of 67Ga decreased the uptake of 67Ga by liver and spleen, but had little effect on the uptake of 67Ga by the inflammatory tissue. These results suggest that 67Ga is taken up by normal tissues in a transferrin-bound form but in an unbound form by inflammatory tissue. On the other hand, when FeCl3 was simultaneously injected with 67Ga, the uptake of 67Ga by liver and spleen was markedly increased but the uptake by inflammatory tissue was decreased.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

An investigation of the immune suppression induced by some saikosaponin derivatives.

The relationship between lymphocyte activation by purified plant glycoside and the suppression of antibodies against sheep erythrocytes was investigated by an adoptive cell transfer system. Glycosides are one of the main components of Shôsaikotô--famous hematopoietic remedies of oriental medicine. In earlier reports, BALB/c mice treated with these drugs, suppressed the plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to T-dependent antigens. In contrast, the PFC response was enhanced for T-independent antigens. In this communication, an experiment was designed to determine the nature of the suppressive factor(s) produced in treated mice. Mice were orally or intraperitoneally administered 1 mg/kg of five types of purified SS derivatives every other day on five consecutive occasions. Spleen cells and serum were prepared from SS-treated mice and were then passively transferred to recipient mice. On the spleen cells (and not any of the sera) from drug-treated hosts effectively suppressed the PFC in recipients. The spleen cells of treated mice were further divided into adherent and non-adherent cells; each cell type was transferred into recipient animals. The observed suppressive activity was clearly detected in the non-adherent cell population. A subsequent analysis of the lymphocyte subpopulation revealed that Lyt.1.1 negative and Lyt.2.2 positive cells were responsible for this suppression. It was concluded that some SS derivatives elevate the activities of the major immunocyte population, with suppressor cell activity predominating.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A study on the identities of the three species of chromatin-associated proteinases in a mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which lacks four major vacuolar proteinases.

Using mutant strain ABYS1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking four main vacuolar proteinases, proteinase A, proteinase B, carboxypeptidase Y, and carboxypeptidase S, we examined the identities of chromatin-associated proteinases, ruling out possible contamination of the chromatin fraction by them. The chromatin of strain ABYS1 showed three peaks of proteolytic activity at pH 4, 7, and 11, and these activities were found to be derived from three species of proteinases, the aspartic, serine neutral, and serine alkaline ones. As these chromatin-associated proteinases of strain ABYS1 were identical in both quality and quantity to those of wild-type strain of yeast, we suggest that the yeast chromatin contains three species of specific proteinases as essential components.

Affinity Labels↗
PubMed1988

Fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver--a case report from Japan and a review of the literature.

The first Japanese case of fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) of the liver is described. The 17-year-old Japanese male affected died of the disease 25 months after palliative operation. The diagnosis of FLC had not been confirmed before autopsy. Pre-operative diagnosis of FLC is important to surgeons. According to the literature, FLC is rare in Asia. The endemic discrepancy may suggest that the carcinogenic factors are different from those of general hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Morbidity and mortality after major hepatic resection in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Major hepatic resection was carried out on 23 adult patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and underlying cirrhosis of the liver (macronodular in six cases, micronodular in 11 and mixed type cirrhosis in six). Pre-operative liver functional state was Child's class A in 19, class B in three, and class C in one. The operations performed were extended right lobectomy in four patients, right lobectomy in 10, left found in 10 patients, five of whom had duplicated complications and finally died of liver failure 15-65 days after operation. In three of those five patients, other complications (hemorrhagic shock in two and portal thrombosis in one) had preceded liver failure. Eighteen patients tolerated the resection and were discharged from hospital. However, among 13 noncirrhotic patients with HCC who had undergone major hepatic resection during the same period of time, only two had postoperative complications and all patients were discharged from hospital. The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates in the 23 cirrhotics were 60.9%, 37.5% and 24.9% respectively, whereas the 1-5-year survival rates were all 61.5% in the 13 noncirrhotics. Thus, major hepatic resection may be indicated in selected patients with HCC and associated cirrhosis, but meticulous managements during and after operation are mandatory to prevent fatal postoperative liver failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Remarkable changes in the plasma levels of pituitary protein "7B2" during childhood.

We measured plasma immunoreactive (IR)-7B2 concentrations in 96 children (57 males and 39 females) from the newborn period to 20 yr of age. Plasma IR-7B2 concentrations in infants less than 2 yr of age (range 175-580 pg/ml, n = 19) were much higher than those in adults (range 20-138 pg/ml). Plasma levels of IR-7B2 decreased with age during childhood to reach the adult level at 15-20 yr. Significant negative correlations were found between plasma levels of IR-7B2 and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (r = -0.4154, p less than 0.05, n = 27), luteinizing hormone (r = -0.4948, p less than 0.05, n = 20) and follicle-stimulating hormone (r = -0.4682, p less than 0.05, n = 20). The possibility of a relationship between the reduction of plasma IR-7B2 levels and pubertal development warrants attention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Induction of heme oxygenase in rat hepatoma cells by exposure to heavy metals and hyperthermia.

Treatment of rat hepatoma dRLh-84 cells with sodium arsenite, cadmium chloride and cobalt chloride resulted in marked induction of protein with a molecular mass of 32 kDa. To examine the possibility that the induced 32 kDa protein may be heme oxygenase, the enzyme activity was measured, and then the activity in the cells increased by these metals, and heat shock treatments. Immunoblot analysis showed that the induction of 32 kDa protein reacted with anti-heme oxygenase antibody occurred by the treatments. Northern blot analysis confirmed that the induction of heme oxygenase by arsenite, cadmium and cobalt, and by hyperthermia was regulated at transcriptional level. These findings support the hypothesis that the 32 kDa stress protein induced by heavy metals in rat hepatoma cells is heme oxygenase.

Animals↗