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Biomedical subjects

H Kohno

Publications and source records attributed to H Kohno.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Inhibition by sodium citrate on 67Ga adsorption to various materials.

The adsorption of 67Ga to the inner surface of stainless steel, polyethylene and silicone tubings was studied. The three tubings remarkably adsorbed 67Ga in order of stainless steel, silicone and polyethylene tubing. Sodium citrate inhibited the adsorption of 67Ga in a dose-dependent manner. These phenomena were also observed in blood sampling via the catheter inserted into the external jugular vein. These results show that constant concentration of sodium citrate is necessary for the in vitro study of 67Ga in order to prevent the adsorption to the surface of experimental materials.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1990

The influences of dexamethasone and indomethacin on 67Ga uptake by normal tissues.

Dexamethasone (DEX) increased 67Ga uptake by the liver and spleen at 4, 8, and even 24 h after the injection of 67Ga. These results showed that DEX influenced 67Ga accumulation as well as the initial entry of 67Ga in the liver and spleen. On the other hand, indomethacin (IM) decreased 67Ga uptake by the liver and spleen at 4 h after the injection of 67Ga but did not influence the uptake at 8 or 24 h after the injection of 67Ga. Moreover, DEX or IM little influenced 67Ga uptake by the kidney and muscle. These results suggest that the influence of DEX or IM on 67Ga uptake or accumulation is specific for the liver and spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of pattern and treatment of intrahepatic recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma.

From 1980 to 1988, 161 patients underwent total extirpation of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. There were 18 operative or hospital deaths. Recurrence of tumor was diagnosed in 69 of the remaining 143 patients during follow-up treatment with monthly serum alpha-fetoprotein measurements and imaging studies that were performed every three months. There were 61 men and eight women whose ages ranged from 33 to 78 years. The histologic factors noted were cirrhosis of the liver in 60 patients and chronic hepatitis in nine. There were multiple or diffuse recurrences (Type A) in 34 instances, one to three nodular recurrences (Type B) in 21, marginal recurrences (Type C) in 11 and a mixed form of the latter two in three instances. Two-thirds of the recurrences were found within 1.5 years and the second peak was noted between 2.0 and 2.5 years. Sex of patient, hepatitis B virus, type of tumor, capsule, extent of hepatic resection and postoperative chemotherapy did not influence the rate of recurrence, but cirrhotic livers had a significantly higher recurrence rate. A second hepatic resection was performed upon 20 patients with a five year survival rate of 26.8 per cent. Good results were obtained by chemoembolization of the hepatic artery. Prevention and adequate treatment of intrahepatic recurrence are of paramount importance in achieving better surgical results for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Clinicopathologic features and long-term results of alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer.

During a 10-yr-period, 24 cases of alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer were experienced in our department. The mean age was 62.5 yr, and the sex ratio of males to females was 3:1. Borrmann II and III types of gastric cancer were predominant (83.3%). The prognosis was dismal. Most of the patients, including three radically operated cases of early gastric cancer, died from liver metastasis within 2 yr. The 1-, 3-, and 6-yr survival rates were 37.5%, 8.3%, and 8.3%, respectively, for all cases and 75.0%, 25.0%, and 25.0% for radically operated cases. The incidences of synchronous and metachronous liver metastasis were 31.8% and 40.9%, significantly higher than the incidences of AFP-negative gastric cancer (p less than 0.91). Despite radical gastrectomy, metachronous liver metastasis occurred in 75.0% of the cases. Two radical hepatic resections, including extended right lobectomy, were performed in one patient with early gastric cancer who had repeated metachronous liver metastasis. However, the tumor recurred immediately. Apparently, radical gastrectomy or hepatic resection alone may not suffice for this particular type of cancer. The methods of treatment and follow-up considered should be different from that for other types of gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The characters of AFP-producing early gastric cancer].

During the last decade, we have experienced 525 cases of gastric cancer. Within these, 195 were early gastric cancer (37.1%). Five and eight year survival rates were 86.9 and 77.2%. There were seven cases of recurrence, all of which were liver metastasis of submucosal cancers. Two combined with pulmonary metastasis. Three of the recurrent cases had serum AFP raised (greater than 20ng/ml) before or after partial gastrectomy. When these gastric specimens were reviewed, AFP positive cells were stained by PAP method. Compared with the AFP negative group of 168 early gastric cancers, invasion of lymphatic and venous vessels of the stomach and incidence of the liver metastasis were significantly higher in the stained group. 1.3 and 4.5 year survival rates of the cases (including ours) of AFP producing early gastric cancer, which had been reported in Japanese literatures, were 76.1, 45.7 and 22.9%, respectively. Liver metastasis was found in 7 of 12 cases (58.3%). It is clear that AFP producing early gastric cancer has the same tendency for liver metastasis as the AFP producing advance gastric cancer does. To prevent its recurrence, early diagnosis by PAP method for specimens with hepatic picture and aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy are mandatory.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Changes of brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) in a brain stem ischemic model using embolization technique in cats, a preliminary study.

In order to evaluate brain stem dysfunction related to ischemic process, the authors monitored the Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses (BAERs) with time in a brain stem ischemic model. 19 adult mongrel cats were divided into two groups: embolization (n = 14) and sham operated control (n = 5). Embolization was done by injecting cylindrical silicone embolus to the right vertebral artery. Each successful embolization of the basilar artery was then confirmed by vertebral angiography. BAERs were monitored before embolization and then 5-10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, 3 hr and 6 hr after embolization. The presence of ischemic lesion caused by embolization was confirmed by injecting 2% Evans blue solution 30 min before sacrificing the animals. Leakage of the dye was observed. In embolized animals, significant (Student t test, p less than 0.05) delay of interpeak latencies of waves 1-3, 3-5, and 1-5 was observed 15 min after embolization. This delay became more significant (p less than 0.01) 30 min after embolization. These results provide evidence for the usefulness of BAERs monitoring which can be used to complement other diagnostic methods for patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency and/or infarction.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Specificity of androgen receptors of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver in humans.

The specificity of androgen receptor in hepatocellular carcinoma and the liver was investigated using auto-radiographic techniques. Partial hepatectomy was carried out on 11 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and associated parenchymal disease of the liver. Androgen receptors were assayed biochemically for hepatocellular carcinoma and the surrounding liver in all cases. Estrogen receptor was also measured in five patients. In eight patients, fresh resected specimens as thick as 3 mm were first incubated for 15 minutes in a medium containing estradiol and hydrocortisone, and then radio-labeled testosterones were added to the medium. After another 60 minutes incubation, macro-autoradiographic studies were carried out. With the same medium and chemicals, and using the same principle, micro-autoradiographic studies were performed using fresh hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cell suspensions in six cases. The radio-labeled testosterones were incorporated into hepatocellular carcinoma and the liver to a parallel extent with the androgen receptor titers biochemically assayed. The current results seem to indicate that androgen receptors present in hepatocellular carcinoma and the liver of humans specifically bind androgens. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of AR in hepatocarcinogenesis in humans.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Orofacial lymphomas in seropositive patients manifesting the type I human lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I)].

Eleven cases of extranodal orofacial lymphomas (EOFL), consisting of 4 HTLV related and 7 HTLV unrelated EOFLs, have been investigated with regard to their immunohistological and clinical features. The HTLV related EOFLs were found to be of the T-cell phenotype and were associated with a poorer prognosis than the HTLV unrelated EOFLs, most of which were of B-cell origin. The comparatively high incidence of T-cell type in our series was considered to be related to the high percentage of HTLV carriers in our district, an area in which adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma has been found to be endemic.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Rupture of an infected vein graft in the course of mediastinitis following coronary artery bypass grafting: report of a case].

A 51-year-old man developed a Staphylococcal mediastinitis and septicemia 23 days after coronary artery bypass grafting. He was initially treated with surgical debridement and closed irrigation with 0.5% povidone iodine solution. However, since the infection could not be eradicated by this method, an open packing method was subsequently required. Nineteen days after the diagnosis of mediastinitis, massive bleeding occurred due to rupture of an infected vein graft to the LAD. Although he went into profound hemorrhagic shock, suture ligation of the vein graft was successfully performed. The sternum was reapproximated 34 days after the initial debridement. Postoperative coronary angiograms revealed the patent vein grafts to the RCA and LCX, and PTCA was performed to the native stenosis of the LAD. The patient was discharged 5 months after the bypass operation and is now doing well 3 years postoperatively. Rupture of the heart or vessels in the course of postoperative mediastinitis is a very rare but highly lethal complication. We think that it is important to eradicate the infection as soon as possible to prevent the bleeding complication and that the decision as to which method, closed or open, should be employed, is crucial.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
PubMed1990

[Coronary artery disease and the results of coronary bypass surgery in diabetics].

To evaluate the influence of diabetes mellitus on coronary artery disease and the results of coronary bypass surgery, a review was made of 63 consecutive patients undergoing isolated saphenous vein aortocoronary bypass, of whom 38 patients (G-1) were nondiabetic, 9 patients (G-2) had impaired glucose tolerance, and 16 patients (G-3) were diabetic. The severity of coronary artery disease was assessed using an angiographic grading system. Among three patient groups, there was no difference in total coronary score per patient reflecting total extent of disease (G-1; 15.7 +/- 5.5, G-2; 14.1 +/- 5.9, G-3; 17.1 +/- 6.3, mean +/- S.D.) and the incidence of diffusely diseased vessels. The mean number of diseased vessels (greater than 50% stenosis) per patient was 2.5 +/- 0.6 in G-1, 2.6 +/- 0.7 in G-2, and 2.5 +/- 0.7 in G-3, and the mean number of bypass grafts per patient was 2.3 +/- 0.9, 2.2 +/- 0.9, and 2.1 +/- 0.7, respectively. Coronary luminal diameters and the severity of atherosclerotic changes of coronary arteries at the site of graft anastomosis, studied intraoperatively, were similar in all groups. Vein graft blood flows and early graft patency in diabetics (112 +/- 55 ml/min, 96.9%, respectively) were also similarly good as those in the other groups (98 +/- 49 ml/min, 91.4% in G-1, and 92 +/- 39 ml/min, 94.1% in G-2). Overall hospital mortality was 1.6% (one of 63). The only death from meningoencephalitis occurred in the diabetic group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1990

Purification of 45 KDa estramustine binding protein (EMBP) and preparation of its antibody.

The purification of 45 KDa EMBP and the production of monospecific anti-serum is described. 45 KDa EMBP was purified by relatively simple methods using ion exchange HPLC (TSK-GEL DEAE-5PW column) and size exclusion HPLC (TSK-GEL G3000SW column). The results clearly demonstrated the speed and simplicity of the method using these columns, compared to previously-described methods for purification of 45 KDa EMBP.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

[The role of Na+-K+ ATPase activity on blood pressure regulation and sodium metabolism in DOCA-treated rats].

In this study, we attempt to clarify the role of sodium-potassium adenosine 5'-triphosphatase (N+-K+ ATPase) on the regulation of systemic blood pressure and renal sodium metabolism. Male Wistar rats (n=20) were divided into four groups: 1) controls (n=5), 2) sodium loading rats (NaCl group, n=5), 3) deoxycorticosterone (DOCA group, n=5) injected rats with intact kidneys (DOCA group, n=5), 4) DOCA and ouabain-injected rats with intact kidneys (ouabain groups) and raised for six weeks. The changes in urine volume and urinary sodium were determined, and urinary excretions of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and dopamine were measured in week six. Then blood samples were obtained from the inferior vena cava, and plasma cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) concentration were measured. At the time of sacrifice, systolic blood pressure of the ouabain group (157.3 +/- 24.8 mmHg) was significantly higher than the control group (124.5 +/- 6.9 mmHg) (p less than 0.05), but no significant differences were observed between the control group, NaCl group (123.7 +/- 7.0 mmHg), and DOCA group (128.1 +/- 4.5 mmHg). Urine volume and sodium excretion in the NaCl, DOCA and ouabain groups all increased, but the natriuretic response in the NaCl group was smaller than in either the DOCA and ouabain groups. Urinary NE in the NaCl, DOCA and ouabain groups was 1396 +/- 1025 ng/day, 640 +/- 351 ng/day, 607 +/- 177 ng/day, respectively, and NE excretions in these groups were higher than in the control group (138 +/- 104 ng/day). Urinary E in the NaCl group was higher than in the control group, but there were no significant differences among the control, DOCA and ouabain groups. Urinary dopamine in the NaCl (5723 +/- 2028 ng/day), DOCA (7661 +/- 5992 ng/day) and ouabain (4077 +/- 1984 ng/day) groups was higher than in the control group (2081 +/- 483 ng/day). Plasma cAMP in the DOCA and ouabain groups was slightly higher than in the control group, while no significant differences in plasma cAMP between the control and NaCl groups were observed. Plasma cGMP in the DOCA group was slightly higher than in either of the other three groups. These results suggest that Na+-K+ ATPase may play an important role in the maintenance of blood pressure through sodium efflux and that ouabain, Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitor, may change the renal sodium excretion and vascular responsiveness to endogenous pressor substances, leading to higher blood pressure after the administration of sodium and mineralocorticoid.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Increased plasma and urinary Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitory activity and elevated blood pressure in metoclopramide-treated rats].

Our recent studies demonstrated that dopaminergic receptor may play an important role in controlling blood pressure and renal sodium handling. This study was designed to investigate whether endogenous Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitors are related to changes in blood pressure and sodium balance, caused by the administration of metoclopramide (MC), a dopamine (D2) receptor antagonist, and sodium loading. Young male Wistar rats (250 approximately 300 g) were raised under three different conditions, control (control group), 1% NaCl loading (NaCl group) and 1% NaCl plus 1.5 mg/kg/day of metoclopramide (MC group) for 7 days. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), urinary and plasma Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitory activity (ATPI), urinary sodium, potassium and catecholamine excretions were measured. SBP in the MC group elevated from 116 +/- 2 mmHg to 134 +/- 4 mmHg, but there were no changes in SBP in the control and NaCl groups. Urine volume and urinary sodium excretion significantly increased in not only the NaCl group but also in the MC group. Plasma ATPI in both the NaCl and MC groups was higher than in the control group (p less than 0.001), and the level of ATPI in the MC group was significantly higher than in the NaCl group (p less than 0.05). Urinary ATPI in the control group was not detected after 7 days, but that in the NaCl and MC groups was clearly increased. The excretions of urinary catecholamines remained unchanged in all groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The human 32-kDa stress protein induced by exposure to arsenite and cadmium ions is heme oxygenase.

Exposure of HeLa and HL60 cells to sodium arsenite or cadmium chloride led to marked increases in cellular heme oxygenase activity. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of [35S]methionine-labeled cellular proteins indicated that these treatments also resulted in the induction of a 32-kDa protein. Immunoblot analysis further showed that the 32-kDa protein reacted with anti-bovine heme oxygenase antibodies. Treatment of the cells with cobaltic chloride or heat induced neither the 32-kDa protein nor heme oxygenase activity. It is concluded that the 32-kDa stress protein induced by arsenite and cadmium ions in these human cells is heme oxygenase.

Anions↗
PubMed1989

Androgen and estrogen receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma and the surrounding liver in women.

Androgen receptors (AR) and estrogen receptors (ER) were consecutively assayed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the surrounding liver was removed surgically from 19 female patients. Patient age ranged from 43 to 79 years, with an average of 61 +/- 9 years. All patients had underlying liver disease (liver cirrhosis in 16, liver fibrosis in two, and chronic hepatitis in one). Seven (37%) of 19 HCC had AR ranging from 2.3 to 82.6 fmol/mg of cytosol protein. The AR titer was higher in the HCC than in the liver in these cases. Three cases also had ER. ER existed in seven (37%) tumors (range, 2.4 to 25.6 fmol/mg of protein). AR and ER were detected in 11 (65%) and ten (58%) of 17 nonneoplastic liver tissues, respectively. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, hepatitis B virus markers, or histopathologic types of HCC had no correlation with the presence or absence of AR or ER and their titers. Also, there was no correlation between the AR and ER positivities. Further studies are mandatory to determine the genuine role of sex hormone receptors in the development and growth of HCC in humans.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The protective effects of trimetazidine on normothermic ischemic myocardium in rats.

The protective effects of trimetazidine on postischemic cardiac function were studied using isolated working rat heart preparations in which global ischemia had been induced with normothermic cardioplegia. After 30 minutes of reperfusion, following a 25 minutes period of ischemia, the addition of 10(-6) M or 10(-5) M trimetazidine to the cardioplegic solution significantly increased the per cent recovery of the cardiac output: from 54.8 +/- 4.1 per cent in the control group to 81.0 +/- 3.2 per cent (p less than 0.01) and 79.6 +/- 4.0 per cent (p less than 0.01), respectively, although lower (10(-7) M) or higher (10(-4) M) doses of the drug failed to result in any change. 10(-5) M trimetazidine also produced a significantly greater recovery of both the postischemic aortic flow: from 47.8 +/- 4.9 per cent to 72.2 +/- 3.8 per cent (p less than 0.01) and coronary flow: from 80.6 +/- 2.9 per cent to 105.2 +/- 6.3 per cent (p less than 0.002). However, trimetazidine did not influence the recovery of either aortic pressure or heart rate. These results suggest that trimetazidine does give some protection to the heart during ischemia and reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Duodenal stenosis caused by ruptured aneurysms of the pancreaticoduodenal artery--a case report.

A case reported herein is a patient with ruptured minute pancreaticodudenal arterial aneurysms that proved difficult to distinguish from malignant tumors of the pancreas or duodenum. A 61-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of abdominal fullness, epigastralgia, nausea, and vomiting. Pre-operative examinations demonstrated duodenal stenosis, mass formation in the head of the pancreas, and three tiny aneurysms in the branches of the gastroduodenal artery. At surgery, an orange-sized mass was revealed in the head of the pancreas, which had adhered fibrously to the duodenum, inferior vena cava, and transverse mesocolon. Thus, pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed with a tentative diagnosis of a malignant tumor of the pancreas or duodenum. Subsequent histopathologic examinations, however, demonstrated the presence of a hematoma between the pancreas and duodenum, extensive fibrosis around the hematoma and dissecting aneurysms in the branches of the pancreaticoduodenal artery. In this case, it was considered that fibrosis around the ruptured aneurysms extending to the surrounding organs made it difficult to distinguish the aneurysms from a malignant tumor.

Aneurysm↗