Biomedical subjects

H Kohno

Publications and source records attributed to H Kohno.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

[Catheter-induced thrombosis of the inferior vena cava--case report].

A 47-year-old woman was admitted for bleeding from gastric ulcer for which a central venous catheter was placed through the right femoral vein. Seven days later, abdominal echograms unexpectedly revealed a large thrombus along the catheter in the inferior vena cava. Because the echograms also disclosed the thrombus immobile even in postural change, the catheter was pulled out. Within two weeks following the catheter removal, the thrombus spontaneously disappeared with no evidence of pulmonary embolism. Although thrombolysis therapy may be the treatment of choice for catheter-induced thrombosis, simple removal of the catheter is effective in case that the thrombus is immobile.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗

PubMed1993

[Scintigraphic comparison of graft patency between the left internal thoracic artery and saphenous vein graft after coronary bypass surgery].

Graft patency after coronary bypass surgery (CABG) was evaluated with stress 201-thallium scintigraphy (stress 201Tl) in 26 cases, including 13 cases using the left internal thoracic artery (LITA group) in situ and 13 cases with saphenous vein graft (SVG group). All of them had effort or unstable angina caused by LAD lesion without apparent infarction. Stress 201Tl using a symptom-limited, graded bicycle exercise test was performed before CABG and 1 month, 6 months to 1 year, 1 year to 1.5 years after surgery. Five tomographic images including the apical side of the area fed by the bypass anastomosed to LAD in short axial sections were picked out and piled up. Fan-shaped ROI was made on this area and % Tl uptake was calculated using the following formula. 201Tl counts in ROI--Background counts/Maximum counts--Background counts x 100 (%) The normal % Tl uptake calculated in the control group (n = 11) in this ROI was 68.2 +/- 4.8%. Preoperative % Tl uptake showed 49.3 +/- 0.2% in the LITA group and 54.3 +/- 13.2% in the SVG group. % Tl uptake of the SVG group 1 month after CABG was slightly higher than that of the LITA group, (62.0 +/- 7.0% vs. 56.3 +/- 7.6%). However 6 months to 1 year after, % Tl uptake of the LITA group increased to 60.8 +/- 6.4%, inspite of a tendency on the decrease of that in the SVG group, (59.0 +/- 8.5%), and further more, 1 year to 1.5 years after CABG, increased to 62.3 +/- 5.1% near the normal % Tl uptake of the control group and the SVG group decreased to 58.8 +/- 6.8%. This result suggested that arterial in situ bypass graft might have an auto-regulation and "growing property" corresponding to flow demand, and this helps the excellent long-term patency of arterial bypass grafts.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[A 70-year-old man with right hemiparesis and mutism].

We report a 70-year-old man who had a sudden onset of right hemiparesis and mutism. The lower extremity was more involved than the upper one. He had a long history of diabetes and chronic renal failure for which hemodialysis was necessary. On August 30, 1990, he had an sudden onset of right hemiparesis and mutism. Neurological examination revealed awake but mute in no acute distress. He could only respond to very simple commands such as opening his mouth or protruding his tongue. He did not appear to understand more difficult questions. In addition, he could not answer verbally. He was totally mute. Cranial nerves appeared intact except for slight right central facial paresis and severe diabetic retinopathy. He had complete paralysis of his right leg and a moderate weakness in his right upper extremity. Deep reflexes were diminished in both upper extremities and absent in the lower limbs. Frotal signs such as grasp and snout reflexes were present. Cranial CT scans revealed an ill-defined low density area in the left parasagittal subcortical area and a part of the anterior cerebral artery territory. The supplementary motor area appeared at least in part to be involved. He was treated with glycerol and other supportive cares, however, his clinical course was complicated by pneumonia, heart failure, septicemia, and he expired two months after his stroke. The patient was discussed in a neurological CPC, and the chief discussant arrived at a conclusion that he had an artery-to-artery embolism at the internal carotid bifurcation resulting in the cerebral infarction mainly in the territory of the anterior cerebral artery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[Testing for heterogeneity in genetic polymorphism of N-acetylation using isoniazid by metameters--probit, logit, and arcsine transformation].

To investigate genetic polymorphism of N-acetylation in Japanese population we measured isoniazid (INH) and acetylisoniazid (AcINH) in the urine of 340 unrelated Japanese subjects. For the detection of polymorphism, we used probit analysis, logit analysis, and arcsine transformation of the logarithm of molar acetylation ratio (log (INH/AcINH)). The observed antimodes were -0.85 and -0.325 for the probit, 4.899 and 7.154 for the logit, 43.85 and 71.57 for the arcsine analysis plot. Probit and arcsine analysis were sensitive for the separation of intermediate from slow acetylators, while logit analysis was sensitive for the separation of rapid from intermediate acetylators. Clinically it is important to know to which genetic group the patient belongs because we may have to increase the dosage for the rapid acetylators to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, while we may have to reduce the dosage for slow acetylators in whom the incidence of side effect is high.

Acetylation↗

PubMed1993

Liver resection in the aged (seventy years or older) with hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Thirty-two patients who were 70 years of age or older underwent hepatic resection in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. There were 25 men and 7 women. Age ranged from 70 to 84 years, averaging 74 +/- 3 years (mean +/- SD). Underlying liver diseases were associated in all patients but one, cirrhosis of the liver in 22, and chronic hepatitis in nine. METHODS AND RESULTS: The operative mortality rate within 1 month was 12.5%, and the overall in-hospital death rate was 18.8%. The 5-year survival rate was 17.6% for all patients and 24.3% when six hospital deaths were excluded. The Child's grade was a good predictor for early and late morbidity and death, the 5-year survival rate of patients with Child's class A disease being 30%. Retrospective comparisons were conducted between the current patients and patients younger than 50 years old who had been operated on during the same period: resectability rate, 61.5% versus 57.8%; hospital mortality rate, 18.8% versus 11.6%; and 5-year survival rate, 24.3% versus 48.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results seem to indicate that the treatment policy of hepatocellular carcinoma in the aged should be identical to that in young people.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1993

Fetal growth in patients with elevated maternal serum hCG levels.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between maternal serum hCG levels and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. METHODS: Maternal serum hCG levels were measured in 638 consecutive pregnant women in whom gestation was dated by crown-rump length and who later delivered a singleton infant. Fetal growth was compared between the women with elevated maternal hCG (above 2 multiples of the median) and those with normal levels. RESULTS: Elevated maternal hCG values were found in 6.6%, of whom 19% delivered SGA infants. In the normal maternal hCG group, 3.9% of the infants were SGA. These differences were statistically significant by chi 2 analysis. Mothers with elevated hCG also had a significantly higher risk for fetal death, preterm rupture of the membranes, and abruptio placentae by the Fisher exact probability test. CONCLUSION: Elevated maternal serum hCG levels correlate with SGA infants.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Simultaneous operation of Cabrol's operation and sternal turnover with rectus abdominal flap].

We performed simultaneous operation of sternal turnover and Cabrol operation for a 28-year-old man, who had 3rd grade funnel chest and annuloaortic ectasia with 3rd grade aortic regurgitation. We think when both annuloaortic ectasia and funnel chest are indicated for operation, simultaneous operation is to be considered and the combination of Cabrol operation and sternal turnover with rectus abdominal flap is the best procedure.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

The usefulness of Avitene for the control of oozing in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

An efficient method for the laparoscopic application of Avitene is presented herein. During laparoscopic operation, we cannot staunch bleeding points directly. Given such circumstances, the spray application of Avitene is a very effective method of hemostasis that should make laparoscopic operations even safer.

Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic↗

PubMed1992

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-2 and BMP-3) induce the late phase expression of the proto-oncogene c-fos in murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

Here we report that bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 3 (BMP-2 and BMP-3) induced marked expression of c-fos mRNA in a biphasic manner, i.e. the late phase (48 to 60 h) as well as the immediate-early phase (0.5 h), in murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro. The BMP-induced late phase c-fos gene expression was temporally associated with the onset of marked expression of the genes for osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase, differentiation markers of mature osteoblasts. In contrast, none of TGF-beta 1, 10% FBS, IGF-I and IGF-II, which induced only the immediate-early c-fos mRNA expression, stimulated the expression of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase genes. These data suggest that in osteoblasts BMP-2 and BMP-3 induce the late phase expression of c-fos, which may play a role in transcriptional activation of the genes involved in differentiation of osteoblasts.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

The effect of active vitamin D3 analogs and dexamethasone on the expression of osteocalcin gene in rat tibiae in vivo.

We tested the effects of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3), 2 beta-(3-hydroxypropoxy)-1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (ED-71) and dexamethasone on osteocalcin mRNA levels in rat tibiae in vivo. Northern blot analysis showed that both 1,25-(OH)2D3 and ED-71 caused an increase in osteocalcin mRNA levels in bone: 1,25-(OH)2D3 induced a transient increase in the mRNA levels followed by a decrease in the control level by 12 h post administration. In contrast, ED-71 caused a persistent increase in osteocalcin mRNA level for seven days post administration. Serum osteocalcin levels paralleled the osteocalcin mRNA level in bone in both groups. Dexamethasone caused a marked reduction in both osteocalcin mRNA and serum osteocalcin levels. Suppressive effect of dexamethasone on osteocalcin expression was persistent for seven days at higher dose. Our results represent the first demonstration of the effect of active vitamin D and corticosteroid on the expression of osteocalcin mRNA in bone in vivo.

Amino Acid Isomerases↗

PubMed1992

Effect of retinoic acid on liver transglutaminase activity and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice.

Transglutaminase (TGase) activity in the cytosol fraction of the mouse liver increased following intraperitoneal injection of retinoic acid. Retinoic acid inhibited the carbon tetrachloride-induced increase in serum alanine transaminase activity. These findings suggest that TGase is involved in the effect of retinoic acid on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1992

Xenotransplantation of alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancers into nude mice. Characteristics and responses to chemotherapy.

Three human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing gastric cancers (AFPGC) were xenotransplanted into the lateral abdominal wall of nude mice. Two tumors were established and passed over ten generations. These tumors retained their ability to secrete AFP and their characteristic hepatoid features microscopically. Serum levels of AFP in the mice were elevated as the tumors grew. Through serial transplantation, the degree of differentiation was not altered. Neither local invasion nor distant metastasis were encountered during the observation periods. Both strains had an aneuploid pattern of DNA by flow cytometric examinations. The responses of these tumors to five chemotherapeutic agents were investigated using various doses. The high AFP-titer strain (AFPGC-2) showed a marked regression or suppression of tumor growth after administration of both mitomycin C (MMC) and cisplatin (CDDP). The low-titer strain (AFPGC-1) had substantial sensitivity only to MMC. The growth of both tumors was not suppressed by 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, or epirubicin. These findings suggest that the characteristics of AFPGC are preserved in the xenograft model of nude mice. In addition, MMC and CDDP may be active to some extent against this rare, but highly malignant cancer.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Comparison between diploid and aneuploid hepatocellular carcinomas: a flow cytometric study.

Nuclear DNA content of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was estimated by flow cytometry after hepatic resection in 91 patients during the past 5 years. There were 53 diploid and 38 aneuploid tumours. Clinicopathological features were compared retrospectively between the patients with diploid and those with aneuploid HCC. DNA ploidy did not show any correlation with age, sex, alcohol abuse, hepatitis B virus, serum alpha-fetoprotein level or underlying liver disease. Histopathologically, the incidence of HCC less than 2 cm in diameter tended to be higher in the diploid group but no difference was seen for large tumours (greater than 5 cm). The grade of tumour differentiation also tended to be higher in this group of small HCC. The ploidy pattern did not influence the rate of capsule or daughter nodule formation, or venous invasion. There were no significant differences in survival rate or in the incidence and time of intrahepatic tumour recurrence between the two groups. This study may indicate that nuclear DNA ploidy is not a particularly predictive factor for the surgical treatment of HCC.

Aneuploidy↗

PubMed1992

Isolation and characterization of a low metastatic variant from EL-4 mouse T-lymphoma.

A variant cell line (EL-4ad) which adhered to a tissue culture dish was isolated from highly metastatic EL-4 murine T-lymphoma. The experimental and spontaneous metastatic ability of EL-4ad was lower than that of the EL-4 parent cell line. The cell surface phenotypes of both cell lines were CD2+3+4-8-45+TCR alpha beta+TCR gamma delta-, but the level of CD2 expression of EL-4ad was much lower than that of EL-4. Furthermore, EL-4ad had higher binding ability to fibronectin and expressed more PNA receptors on the cell surface than EL-4. These differences indicated that either the maturation stage of the less metastatic variant was lower than that of the parent cell line or the activation state of the two cell lines differed. EL-4ad showed higher in vitro invasiveness and adhesiveness to liver cells, and these characters were not consistent with the reduced metastatic ability of this variant. Neuraminidase-releasable cell surface sialic acid levels did not differ significantly between the cell lines. Neither cell line was adhesive to laminin, type IV collagen or reconstituted basement membrane. These metastasis-related properties could not explain the decreased metastatic ability of EL-4ad. On the other hand, EL-4ad was more sensitive to NK activity than EL-4 in vivo, and this was thought to be a major cause of its decreased metastatic ability. The molecules or mechanisms involved in the differentiation or activation of T-cells may be responsible for the sensitivity of tumor cells to NK activity.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Osteofibrous dysplasia of the tibia treated by bracing.

Osteofibrous dysplasia of the tibia in children will commonly recur after surgical resection. The use of a leg brace until puberty offers a useful method of conservative management. Seven female patients, age three months to nine years at the time of brace treatment, have been followed for 3.5 to 18 years, an average of nine years, with evidence of satisfactory healing of the lesions in all. Three of the cases had recurred after surgery, two with fibular grafts and one required leg lengthening. The use of a brace to control bowing of the tibia while awaiting spontaneous regression is advised until epiphyseal closure.

Braces↗

PubMed1992

Modified Van Praagh's operation for interrupted aortic arch with severe subaortic stenosis in a neonate.

A 26 day old neonate with Type B interrupted aortic arch, a ventricular septal defect and severe subaortic stenosis underwent a successful modified Van Praagh's operation, consisting of insertion of a graft between the main pulmonary artery and descending aorta, ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus and main pulmonary artery banding distal to the graft. This palliative procedure was effective and easily performed without the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass even in this severely ill neonate with such a complex defect.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1992

Application of 67Ga for the estimation of reticulocyte production.

In order to estimate the production of reticulocytes, which have a larger number of transferrin receptors than erythrocytes, we used 67Ga which is exclusively bound to transferrin in the blood. The pattern of uptake of 67Ga by reticulocytes was quite similar to the time course of transglutaminase activity which might be involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. The preinjection of Fe3+ decreased the uptake of 67Ga by reticulocytes. These results suggested that 67Ga in a transferrin-bound form was taken up by reticulocytes via receptor-mediated endocytosis. It was showed that the application of 67Ga is very easy and useful for the estimation of reticulocyte production.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Iron deprivation decreases ribonucleotide reductase activity and DNA synthesis.

The effects of the iron-chelator, desferrioxamine, and monoclonal antibodies against transferrin receptors on DNA synthesis and ribonucleotide reductase activity were examined in human leukemia K562 cells. Treatment of the cells with desferrioxamine resulted in decreases of ribonucleotide reductase activity, DNA synthesis, and cell growth. Exposure of the cells to anti-transferrin receptor antibody, 42/6, which blocks iron supplement into cells caused decreases of ribonucleotide reductase activity and DNA synthesis, in a parallel fashion. Decreases of ribonucleotide reductase activity and DNA synthesis by 42/6 were restored by the addition of ferric nitriloacetate. These results indicate that ribonucleotide reductase activity is dependent on the iron-supply and also regulates cell proliferation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗