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Biomedical subjects

H Kino

Publications and source records attributed to H Kino.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Studies on chemotherapy of parasitic helminths (VIII). Effects of some possible neurotransmitters on the motility of Angiostrongylus cantonensis.

Effects of some possible neurotransmitters such as GABA, adrenergic drugs, and 5-HT and their antagonists on the motility of Angiostrongylus cantonensis were studied. Paralysis was caused by GABA, avermectin BIa (Av-BIa), piperazine and alpha-adrenergic agonists such as adrenaline, noradrenaline, phenylephrine, clonidine and methoxamine, but not by beta-adrenergic agonists such as isoproterenol. The paralysis by GABA or Av-BIa was antagonized by GABA antagonists such as picrotoxin and/or bicuculline with cholinergic agents such as N-methylcytisine (N-MC) or eserine. The paralysis elicited by alpha-adrenergic agonists was antagonized by alpha-adrenergic antagonists such as phentolamine and dibenamine, but not by beta-adrenergic antagonists such as propranolol. 5-HT affected the motility of A. cantonensis paralytically or spastically. The paralysis induced by 5-HT was antagonized by alpha-adrenergic antagonists such as phentolamine and dibenamine, while the contraction induced by this compound was further stimulated by N-MC, but antagonized by strychnine. Other agents such as glutamine, glycine, aspartic acid, taurine, and substance P showed little effect on the motility of A. Cantonensis. From these findings on the neuropharmacological properties of A. cantonensis, it is suggested that this worm is useful as an excellent nematodal model for the investigation of anthelminthics. In addition, this worm may also useful as one of screening models of drugs affecting the central nervous system in mammals.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1982

Experimental light infection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in rats.

An experimental infection with a smaller number of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, using rats as hosts, was carried out. When the rats were infected with one and two larvae of A. cantonensis, the infection rates were 45.5% and 73.3% and recovery rates of the adult worms were 45.5% and 66.7%, respectively. In cases when more than three larvae were given to rats, all rats were found to be infected and recovery rates were around 70%, which is the same as in the case of infection with many larvae. The recovered worms were all mature and showed no important difference in their morphological measurements. It was concluded that the larvae of A. cantonensis were able to infect rats in small numbers, and completely develop into adult worms. It is suggested that human infection could occur in the same way.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1981

[Pressures on the human fetus during labor - intrauterine and on the fetal head (author's transl)].

During labor, the body surface of the fetus is subjected to strong pressure exerted by uterine contractions. In 40 cases, intrauterine pressure (IUP) which acts on the fetal body in the uterine cavity and pressure between the presenting part of the fetus and birth canal (PFB) which acts on the part of the fetus engaged in the birth canal were measured to determine the difference in pressure depending on the parts of the fetal body and their changes during the progress of labor. 1) Both peak IUP and PFB values increased gradually in the first stage of labor, and they became double in the period of labor with bearing-down efforts. 2) Since the peak value of PFB was 2.2 to 3.5 times higher than that of IUP, the part of the fetus engaged in the birth canal should always be subjected to 2.2 to 3.5 times more pressure than the intrauterine part of the fetal body. 3) Manual procedures such a vacuum extraction and Krysteller's compression on the uterine fundus increased the peak value of PFB markedly. The objective measurement of the pressure which acts on the fetal head during labor can be considered to contribute to the prevention of cerebral damage and fetal hypoxia.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the examination of imported laboratory monkey, Macaca fascicularis for E. histolytica and other intestinal parasites.

Infection rate of imported monkeys, under this study, with intestinal protozoa is higher than the infection rate with intestinal nematodes. Mostly encountered protozoa were E. coli, E. nana, E. histolytica and I. butschlii. Formalin-Ether concentration method yielded higher % positive for E. histolytica than the culture method using Tanabe-Chiba medium, but the results obtained from these 2 methods correlate perfectly well with each other. Efficacy of thiabendazole against intestinal nematodes such as Strongyloides, Trichuris, Physaloptera, Oesophagostomum and Capillaria was very satisfactory.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1980

Biodynamics of the cervical dilatation in human labor.

We recorded the pressure between the fetus and birth canal (PFB) with small strain-gauge type pressure transducers in 37 cases of human labor and estimated expulsive activity for evaluation of the expulsive forces. Expulsive activity increased progressively in conjunction with cervical dilatation and markedly increased after rupture of the membranes. At less than 200 Hashimoto units of expulsive activity, the cervical canal could not be dilated and labor was prolonged in all periods of the first stage of labor. There were three types of modes of changes in the expulsive activities at three points on the cervical canal. These three types had different clinical characteristics of cervical dilatation during labor. New parameters such as the expulsive effort, efficiency index and resistance index of the uterine cervix, estimated together with the expulsive activity, were proposed in an attempt to evaluate the effect of expulsive forces on cervical dilatation.

Amnion↗
PubMed1980

Experimental light infection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in hamsters.

An experimental infection with a small number of larvae of A. cantonensis in hamster was carried out. When hamsters were infected with one larva, infection rate and recovery rate were 66.7%. In the case of infection with more than two larvae, all hamsters were infected had recovery rates were around 65%. The recovered worms were all matured and showed no important morphological differences. It was concluded that the hamster would be able to serve as a final host for A. cantonensis only in the case of a small number of larvae infection.

Angiostrongylus↗