High-field magnetization of a quasi-one-dimensional S=1 antiferromagnet Ni(C2H8N2)2NO2(ClO4: Observation of the Haldane gap.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
H Kikuchi
Publications and source records attributed to H Kikuchi.
Interleukin 5 enhances interleukin 2-mediated lymphokine-activated killer activity.
IL-5 expresses various biologic effects on several types of lymphocytes, including B cells, eosinophils, and T cells. We demonstrated that the incubation of resting splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice in murine rIL-5 enhances IL-2-mediated lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity against various tumor cells. IL-5 alone, however, does not induce killer activity. IL-2-mediated LAK activity increases in proportion to the dose of IL-5. During the late phase of the culture period, IL-5 seems to have some effect on the induction of IL-2-mediated LAK activity. We expect that IL-5 will prove useful for adoptive immunotherapy.
Animals↗
Changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in cerebrovascular nerve fibers in the dog after experimentally produced subarachnoid hemorrhage.
After producing a model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by a single injection of fresh autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna in the dog, we immunohistochemically examined changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) in perivascular nerve fibers in the large pial arteries by using whole mount preparations. CGRP-LI in cerebrovascular nerve fibers was suppressed after SAH. The suppression was first detected on the 3rd day after SAH, and was most marked during the 7th to 14th day after SAH. CGRP-LI, however, recovered to a normal level by the 42nd day after SAH.
Animals↗
Free energy of the sphaleron in the Weinberg-Salam model.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Correlation between reversing of multidrug resistance and inhibiting of [3H]azidopine photolabeling of P-glycoprotein by newly synthesized dihydropyridine analogues in a human cell line.
Ten synthetic dihydropyridine analogues were investigated for their ability to reverse drug resistance in a multidrug-resistant human carcinoma cell line, KB-Cl. Four dihydropyridine analogues completely reversed the resistance, three lowered the resistance, and three had little effect. The radioactive photoactive dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, [3H]azidopine, photolabels P-glycoprotein in membrane vesicles from KB-Cl cells. This photolabeling was almost completely inhibited by excess dihydropyridine analogues that reversed or lowered drug resistance. In contrast, the labeling was not significantly inhibited by analogues that do not reverse resistance. Among other reversing agents, cepharanthine and reserpine inhibited the [3H]azidopine photolabeling, but thioridazine did not. N-Solanesyl-N,N'-bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)ethylenediamine slightly inhibited the labeling at 100 microM. An anticancer agent, vinblastine, also inhibited the labeling. The correlation between the reversing of the drug resistance and the inhibition of the [3H]azidopine photolabeling of P-glycoprotein by dihydropyridine analogues suggests a role for P-glycoprotein in multidrug resistance and also the reversing of the resistance by dihydropyridine analogues.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
Striatal neurons with aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase-like immunoreactivity in the rat.
We found in the adult rat that a small number of striatal neurons showed aromatic L-amino acid-like immunoreactivity. These neurons had a cell body with 10-20 microns diameter and several spiny dendrites, and were distributed throughout the striatum (the caudate nucleus and putamen) without any particular topography. The number of these neurons was increased on the side ipsilateral to an electrothermic or 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesion which had been placed in the midbrain regions around the substantia nigra pars compacta.
Animals↗
Tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive neurons in the striatum of the rat.
Striatal neurons exhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity (TH-LI) were found in the adult rat. Most of these neurons had a cell body with a 10-20 microns diameter and several spiny dendrites. The number of striatal neurons with TH-LI was increased on the side ipsilateral to an electrothermic or 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesion which had been placed in the regions around the substantia nigra.
Animals↗
Expression of proto-oncogene products during drug-induced differentiation of a neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-DZ.
Four human neuroblastoma cell lines exhibited differences in their ability to differentiate into neuron-like cells in response to three different treatments, serum deprivation, or additions of dibutyryl cyclic-AMP or retinoic acid. Expression of N-myc gene product was reduced in neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-DZ differentiated by retinoic acid as compared with untreated cells. On the contrary, expression of c-src gene product, pp60c-src, was considerably enhanced in differentiated SK-N-DZ cells. Tyrosine phosphorylation of several cellular proteins was found to be enhanced in differentiated cells. Alteration in expression of these proto-oncogene products might be important in the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells into neuron-like cells.
Bucladesine↗
Cerebral vascular malformations: applications of magnetic resonance imaging to differential diagnosis.
Twelve patients with cerebral vascular malformations (5 cavernous angiomas, 1 thrombosed arteriovenous malformation, and 6 venous angiomas) were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. All lesions were clearly depicted. Characteristic MR findings were obtained mainly on T2-weighted images: a markedly low intensity area was always seen. The margins of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and venous angioma were irregular while those of cavernous angioma were smooth in all planes on T2-weighted images. Gradient-echo (GrE) pulse sequences were more sensitive than T2-weighted spin echo (SE) in lesion detection. MR imaging could play an important role in the differential diagnosis of cerebral vascular malformations.
Adult↗
Cerebral circulation and metabolism in adults' moyamoya disease--PET study.
Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), oxygen extraction fraction (rOEF), cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (rCMRO2) and cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in nine cases of moyamoya disease in adults were studied with positron emission CT (PET) scan, using 15O steady-state methods. Three cases showed ischaemic symptoms and the other six cases showed haemorrhagic symptoms. PET scan was performed during the chronic stage. Control data were obtained from eight normal volunteers. Regional cerebral blood flow and other physiological parameters in cerebral gray matter, white matter and basal ganglia were compared with normal controls. All nine cases of Moyamoya disease showed decreased rCBF, though not significant, in cerebral gray matter, white matter and basal ganglia. Reduction of rCBF was significant in the cerebral cortex of six haemorrhagic cases. This significant decrease was considered to be due to diaschisis and also brain atrophy caused by the cerebral haemorrhage. There was a significant increase in rCBV in white matter of the both ischaemic and haemorrhagic cases. The calculated value of CBF/CBV is considered to be an index of perfusion pressure. This value was significantly decreased in all three regions, though rOEF was not significantly increased in moyamoya disease. Hence the cerebral circulation in adults with moyamoya disease appears to be characterized by a mild decrease in perfusion pressure and prolonged circulated time.
Adult↗
Magnetic resonance imaging of the intracranial epidermoid.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in five cases of intracranial epidermoid. In three of the five patients, the low-density mass on the CT scans showed as low intensity on the T 1 and high intensity on the T2 weighted images. In the two other patients, the masses with high or isodensity on CT showed as high intensity on the T 1 weighted images and as high or low intensity on the T 2 weighted images. Thus, the intensity of epidermoid on MRI correlated fairly well with the CT density, although the former was more variable. The variety of intensities on MRI reflects differences in the chemical composition of the components in the epidermoid tissue in addition to differences in the solid and liquid state of the tissue. An epidermoid could have similar MRI findings as an arachnoid cyst with regard to intensities but its irregular margin provides a useful guide for differentiation. As in other tumours, MRI is superior for evaluation of the size and the extent of the epidermoid as well as the displacement of important neurovascular structures.
Adult↗
Establishment of the experimental conditions for inducing saccular cerebral aneurysms in primates with special reference to hypertension.
To find out the optimum experimental conditions for the induction of saccular cerebral aneurysms in primates, various procedures for inducing renal hypertension were used in cynomolgus monkeys treated with ligation of unilateral carotid artery and beta-amino-propionitrile feeding. Animals were divided into four groups. In the first group, both kidneys were simultaneously compressed with a figure-eight ligation. In the second group, the kidneys were ligated at an interval of one week. In the third and fourth groups, posterior branches of both renal arteries were ligated at the same time, or at an interval of one week, respectively. Hypertension about 200 mmHg was produced only in the last group and aneurysms were noted in more than half of these hypertensive animals. The best procedure for renal hypertension to induce cerebral aneurysms was proved to be ligation of the posterior branches of both renal arteries at an interval of one week. We can conclude that lasting severe hypertension is essential for inducing cerebral aneurysms in monkeys.
Animals↗
Analysis of unsaturated disaccharides from glycosaminoglycuronan by high-performance liquid chromatography.
A rapid and simple analytical method for unsaturated disaccharide isomers formed by enzymatic digestion from hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, and heparin by high-performance liquid chromatography using an amine-bound silica column with a linear gradient of sodium dihydrogen phosphate was developed. The analyses were performed on isomers of two groups belonging to the chondroitin sulfate family and the heparin sulfate family. In both families, disaccharide isomers eluted in the order non-, mono-, di-, and trisulfated disaccharides by elevating salt concentrations. The method was applied to the analysis of constituent disaccharides of representative sulfated glycosaminoglycans, which proved that most constituents could be quantified separately. This method is advantageous in that enzymatic digests can be applied directly on a column without any pretreatment and good resolution of several disaccharides can be obtained by one chromatography.
Chondroitin↗
Histopathological study of induced cerebral aneurysms in primates.
Experimental cerebral aneurysms in monkeys induced by treating them with unilateral carotid ligation, renal hypertension, and beta-aminopropionitrile feeding were studied macroscopically and with light microscopy. Macroscopically, 13 cerebral aneurysms were observed in six of seven monkeys. Microscopically, the elastic lamina and the media ended around the beginning of the aneurysms. The thin aneurysmal walls consisted of fibrous connective tissues. All findings were generally in accordance with spontaneous lesions in humans. The induced cerebral aneurysms in primates are thought to be a suitable experimental model to clarify the pathogenesis of the disease.
Aminopropionitrile↗
Epidermoid cyst traversing the pons into the fourth ventricle. Case report.
A rare case of epidermoid cyst traversing the brain stem is presented. Computed tomography revealed the mass within the fourth ventricle; magnetic resonance imaging showed the dumbbell-shaped mass extending from the prepontine cistern to the fourth ventricle. Despite the high mortality and morbidity of brain stem epidermoid cysts in the literature, the tumor was successfully removed. The advantages of magnetic resonance imaging over computed tomography are described.
Adult↗
Histochemical representation of regional ATP in the brain using a firefly luciferase-immobilized membrane in a multilayer film format.
The enzymatic bioluminescence of firefly luciferase has been used in sensitive pictorial assays of ATP. We describe a method using a membrane with immobilized luciferase in a multilayer film format for the histochemical representation of brain ATP content. The multilayer film consisted of a transparent support, a reagent layer, and a pigment layer. The reagent layer contained all necessary reagents, including immobilized luciferase. The pigment layer was effective for high image resolution. An unfixed slice of frozen brain 16 microns thick was placed on the film. The chemical energy of brain ATP was converted into luminescent energy in the reagent layer and the bioluminescence emitted was recorded photographically with high spatial resolution. A close linear relationship was obtained between the optical density of the bioluminescent images and logarithmic plots of the brain ATP content. With this film, the regional ATP content in fine anatomical structures of gerbil brains was clearly demonstrated in both physiological and pathological states.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗
Primary spinal intramedullary malignant melanoma: case report.
A rare case of primary spinal intramedullary malignant melanoma at the T6 level in a 31-year-old man is presented. The tumor was partially removed, and neuroaxis irradiation up to 50 Gy was then administered. Subsequently, systemic interferon beta (specific activity, 2.0 X 10(8) IU/mg protein) therapy (total dose, 2.2 X 10(7) units) was begun. At the completion of these therapies, immunohistochemical analysis with monoclonal antibodies against melanoma-associated antigens confirmed the presence of melanoma cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Chemotherapy with intrathecal administration of dacarbazine (dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide, DTIC) was then initiated, to avoid the dissemination of tumor cells by the CSF. Periodic cytological examination of CSF for melanoma cells revealed a marked reduction in the number of tumor cells. Pharmacokinetic study showed that the disappearance of DTIC from the CSF was biphasic, with an initial half-life of 30 minutes and a terminal half-life of 5 hours. Follow-up examination by MRI 1 year after the operation did not disclose any significant increase in size of the residual tumor. Neither recurrence nor metastasis was observed. The pertinent literature on spinal cord melanoma is reviewed, and the usefulness of MRI and intrathecal chemotherapy with DTIC is discussed.
Adult↗
[A case of adult T-cell leukemia with pulmonary cryptococcosis, cryptococcal meningitis and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].
A 66-year-old woman was admitted to the Medical College Hospital of Oita on February 23, 1988, because of headache and fever. Chest X-P and chest CT findings showed a coin lesion in r-S4. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from the CSF. Abnormal lymphocytes with lobulated nuclei were found in 0-5% of peripheral leukocytes. The ATLA-antibody was positive and bone marrow smear showed normal myelogram. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as smouldering adult T-cell leukemia accompanied with pulmonary cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningitis. C. neoformans disappeared from the CSF and cryptococcal antigen was not detectable after Amphotericin B and Flucytosine treatment. On April 1, the patient complained of a dry cough, high fever and dyspnea. A chest X-ray showed bilateral patchy infiltrations. By the methenamine silver staining, cysts of Pneumocystis carinii were found in the specimens of transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The abnormal shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after TMP-SMX and aerosolised pentamidine treatment.
Aged↗