Biomedical subjects
H Keller
Publications and source records attributed to H Keller.
[Pericarditis and myocarditis in salmonellosis].
Possible cardiac involvement has been investigated in 103 cases of salmonellosis. 12 patients showed pathological clinical, laboratory and ECG findings suggesting heart damage during the course of the infectious disease. In 2 cases acute fibrinous pericarditis was diagnosed, in 1 case acute effusive pericarditis and in 1 patient acute peri-myocarditis. In the remaining 8 patients the pathological findings suggested the presence of myocarditis. The heart involvement may be the predominating clinical sign, as shown in 3 out of our cases, but in the majority the cardiac symptoms are only very slight. These data indicate that heart involvement is less rare in salmonellosis than is generally thought. On the other hand, salmonellosis should be considered in cases of peri- or myocarditis of unknown origin.
[Rabies].
The epidemiology, geographic distribution in Europe, pathogenesis and diagnosis of rabies are briefly reviewed. Criteria are discussed for evaluating cases in which exposure to rabies is suspected. Current vaccination programs in Switzerland and indications for additional passive immune prophylaxis are mentioned. Special attention is directed to postexposure therapy of previously vaccinated persons. Further, the recommended time intervals for rabies revaccination of high-risk individuals are discussed.
[Is Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite responsible for tropical malaria, resistant to fansidar?].
A world-wide increase of malaria infections is observed. Malaria is imported into Switzerland mainly by tourists and recently by refugees from South East Asia. The strains of P. falciparum resistant to treatment are of increasing importance. A patient with P. falciparum infection from Cambodia is reported, who suffered from three episodes of malaria recrudescence within ten weeks, in spite of adequate therapy with quinine and Fansidar. The definition, the significance and the geographical distribution of resistances and the possible cause for a P. falciparum recrudescence are discussed. For the treatment of repeating recrudescence quinine and Fansidar are recommended, followed by a suppressive Fansidar prophylaxy for 4--8 weeks.
The filter technique for measuring leucocyte locomotion in vitro. Comparison of three modifications.
Three forms of filter technique for measuring random and directional locomotion of leucocytes have been compared: (1) the conventional one filter technique of Boyden (lower surface count method); (2) the two filter system with a lower cell-impermeable filter designed to count the cells at the underside of the upper filter as well as those on the lower filter (two filter count method); and (3) two filter systems counting only cells associated with the lower filter (lower filter count method). In some instances all three methods produce qualitatively similar results. In others totally different results are reproducibly obtained with identical cell preparations, media and attractants. Compared to the two filter count method, the lower surface count method and the lower filter count method are not sufficiently reliable. The discrepancies are partly due to errors in measuring the response. They are caused by variable cell adhesion to the filters resulting in a varying distribution of cells between the upper and lower filter and/or detachment of neutrophils from the upper filter. Some of the discrepancies are not due to errors in assessing the response, but to differences in gradient formation and drift of chemokinetic and chemotactic materials from one compartment to the other.
[Ion-selective electrodes for determination of urine electrolytes (author's transl)].
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[Selection and interpretation of diagnostic parameters].
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Automated microdensitometry and protein assays as a measure for platelet adhesion and aggregation on collagen-coated slides under controlled flow conditions.
A parallel-plate perfusion cell was developed for the in vitro study of platelet adhesion and aggregation. Two collagen-coated slides were exposed simultaneously to citrated blood under laminar and controlled flow conditions. The extent of the surface covered with platelets (adhesion) and platelet accumulations (aggregation) greater than about 5 micrometers in height was determined en face by automated microdensitometry of the fuchsin-stained collagen slides. The global measurement of deposited platelet protein per unit of surface was measured with a modified Lowry technique. Correlation among different parameters used to estimate the mass density on the slides, i.e., platelet number, amount of protein, and extent of platelet aggregation, is demonstrated. Acetylsalicylic acid at 100 microM decreased platelet aggregation without affecting adhesion. The new parallel-plate perfusion system offers rapid quantitation of platelet adhesion and aggregation after exposure to flowing blood.
[Spontaneous and experimental polyarthritis and -synovitis in calves, due to myocoplasma. I. Clinical aspects].
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[Effectiveness and the methods of using streptokinase in myocardial infarct and preinfarct stenocardia].
The effectiveness of streptokinase treatment of patients with myocardial infarction as compared to the control group and patients given anticoagulants is analysed. It is shown that the frequency of recurrent myocardial infarctions, congestive circulatory insufficiency, shock, and thromboembolic complications is lower in the group of patients treated with streptokinase than in the control group. Streptokinase improves the course of the disease and the prognosis in patients with preinfarction angina pectoris. The effect of streptokinase is higher in the first 3--6 hours after the development of myocardial infarction and in individuals under the age of 65. The effectiveness of the treatment does not diminish when the drug is injected for a short time and in small doses (300,000--750,000 U).
[Cerebrovascular Doppler ultrasound studies (cv-Doppler)].
With the cv-Doppler examination, obstructions in the extracranial cerebral arteries can be detected with high reliability. The method can be used - if properly applied - to determine the further diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in cerebrovascular patients. Carotid artery Doppler is based on measurement of blood flow in the teminal branches of the ophthalmic artery and the common carotid atery with and without additional compression manoeuvers of the common carotid artery and branches of the external carotid artery. With direct measurements over the carotid artery, external and internal carotid artery can be differentiated, and stenoses as well as major ulcerated lesions can be localized by pathological flow patterns in the vicinity of these obstructions. In Vertebral-/Subclavian artery Doppler blood flow of the vertebral artery is picked up with the probe placed through the mouth on the locally anesthesized mucous membrane of the oropharynx. By compression of the common carotid artery at the site and opposite to the vessel under examination, the vertebral artery is differentiated from branches of the carotid artery. Blood flow in the central portion of the subclavian artery is picked up by placing the probe in the supraclavicular fossa over the target vessel. - The cv-Doppler examination was used in 3961 patients of whom 570 underwent cerebral angiography. The findings of the noninvasive and invasive method corresponded in more than 94% of the cases.
[Systematic evaluation of sources of error in clinical-chemical analysis].
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[Field trial for control of atrophic rhinitis by vaccination with Bordetella bronchiseptica].
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[Spontaneous and artificial cases of polyarthritis and -synovitis in calves due to mycoplasma. II. Bacteriological and patho-anatomical findings].
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[Human revaccination against Lyssa: efficacy of various booster schedules].
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[Diagnostic significance of lactate concentration in CSF in patients with meningitis (author's transl)].
White-cell count and differential blood count, total protein, lactate dehydrogenase activity (E.C. 1.1.1.27) and lactate concentration were determined in 496 CSF samples, obtained by lumbar puncture. Lactate was measured with a new enzymatic test. Reference values were determined for lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (90% limits: 1.2-2.1 mmol/l and 6-26 U/l, respectively). Lactate content proved to be best in the differential diagnosis between acute bacterial and abacterial meningitis: concentrations of 3.5 mmol/ml and above were found exclusively in bacterial meningitis. As for other diseases, markedly increased lactate concentrations were measured only in patients with brain tumour or cerebrovascular disease (up to 9.3 mmol/l). Determination of lactate concentration alone would have led to a misdiagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis in 3% of cases. If the CSF contains 3.5 mmol/l lactate or more and the leucocyte cell count is above 800/microliter, brain tumour or cerebrovascular disease can be practically excluded and the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis made with a high degree of reliability.
[Antibody determination after preventive and post-exposal rabies vaccination. Retrospective study].
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[The halothane-oxygen anesthesia in the horse following premedication with atropine combelen and chloral hydrate].
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