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Biomedical subjects

H Katayama

Publications and source records attributed to H Katayama.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effect of protein binding on the disposition of cephalexin and cefazolin in a simultaneous perfusion system of rat liver and kidney.

The effect of protein binding on the disposition of cephalexin (CEX) and cofazolin (CEZ) was investigated in a simultaneous perfusion system of rat liver and kidney. In the present study, we used bovine serum albumin (BSA) or human serum albumin (HSA) as plasma protein to control the degree of perfusate protein binding of drugs. Total clearance (CLt) of CEX perfused with BSA (0.70 +/- 0.27 ml/min) was slightly smaller than that with HSA (0.89 +/- 0.08 ml/min), corresponding to the unbound fraction of the drug in the perfusate plasma. On the other hand, CLt of CEZ perfused with BSA (0.90 +/- 0.20 ml/min) was significantly larger than that with HSA (0.32 +/- 0.10 ml/min). The unbound fraction of CEZ to BSA (0.703 +/- 0.052) was much larger than that to HSA (0.253 +/- 0.017) and the clearance of the unbound drug did not differ significantly between two kinds of albumin perfusate (1.30 +/- 0.40 ml/min for BSA and 1.26 +/- 0.40 ml/min for HSA). These results suggest that plasma protein binding is an important factor determining the biliary clearance as well as the urinary clearance of drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Inhibitory effect of recombinant human interferon gamma on human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells (SaOS2)].

Recent studies have suggested that interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor-stimulated bone resorption is mediated by osteoclast-activating factor elaborated by osteoblastic cells. Since recombinant interferon gamma inhibits stimulation of bone resorption by these cytokines, we examined here the effects of recombinant human interferon gamma (rhIFN-G) on DNA synthesis and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of a human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line, SaOS2, under preconfluent culture conditions. Addition of rhIFN-G to the cells markedly inhibited their DNA synthesis and ALP activity in a dose-dependent fashion. However, the inhibition was not dependent on the culture time. The highest inhibitory effect was observed in 10% serum-containing culture medium. The inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis was not eliminated by addition of indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Furthermore, combination of rhIFN-G and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibited their DNA synthesis and the ALP activity in synergistic fashion. Therefore, these data suggest that rhIFN-G is a potent inhibitor for human osteoblastic cells.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

[A case of mixed müllerian tumor, usefulness of 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy].

Mixed Müllerian Tumor (M.M.T.) is a rare malignant neoplasm usually arising from uterine body in postmenoposal woman, and imaging diagnosis for the tumor has not been established. A 45-year-old female with pathologically confirmed M.M.T. was evaluated by 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy and CT on the basis of imaging diagnosis. 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy detected correctly not only primary lesions but also metastatic and recurrent-foci. The findings of 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy were confirmed to be correspond to autopsy findings. Generally, detectability of 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy for genito-urinary tract neoplasm was not appreciated, but in our case 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy was useful for detection of the primary lesion, metastatic and recurrent foci. The cellular components and grade of cell-differentiation of this tumor seemed to be responsible for good detection of the tumor. Thus, 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy was considered to be useful diagnostic imaging modality of M.M.T.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[67Ga-scintigraphic finding of colorectal carcinoma; the basis of clinicopathologic viewpoint].

Twenty-seven cases of colorectal carcinoma were evaluated by 67Ga-scintigraphy on the basis of clinicopathologic viewpoint. On each cases, 67Ga-scintigraphy was performed just before the operation, and resected specimen was also examined after the operation. In 17 cases (63%), the lesions were demonstrated on preoperative 67Ga-scintigraphy, on the other hand, all the lesions were clearly detected on images taken from resected specimen. Thus, it seems to be no doubt to accumulate 67Ga-citrate to colorectal carcinoma, and 67Ga-scintigraphy appears to be more useful imaging modality to detect the disease when the routine detectability becomes more higher because of some technical application.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Preliminary study of patients with vertigo and dizziness using 123I-IMP].

To study the application of cerebral blood flow scintigraphy with 123I-IMP for the evaluation of central dizziness, the difference in 123I-IMP accumulation between the right and left cerebellar hemispheres was determined as an asymmetry index (A.I.) in 8 normal subjects and compared with A.I. from patients with central dizziness. According to estimated lesions, 123I-IMP findings were compared with CT findings. The normal subjects had A.I. of 5.8 +/- 2.1%, whereas 36 patients with central dizziness had A.I. of 12.7 +/- 7.5%. On the basis of an A.I. of 8% or more as an abnormal finding on IMP scintigraphy, 11 of the 14 patients with estimated lesions of cerebellar hemispheres and 16 of the 20 with those of the whole cerebellum including the vermis were evaluated to have had abnormalities. Seven of 11 with estimated lesions of the brainstem and 4 of 5 with vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency were evaluated to have had abnormalities. The findings of 123I-IMP cerebral blood flow scintigraphy were in good agreement with clinical symptoms in patients with central dizziness with estimated lesions of the cerebellar hemispheres, suggesting the possibility that this method is more useful than CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Development of Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) binding sites in the bile duct of the embryonic mouse liver.

The distribution of binding sites for Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) was studied by histochemical staining in the embryonic mouse liver. The liver primordium consists of cranial and caudal diverticula. DBA bound to the pseudostratified endodermal cells of the caudal hepatic diverticulum, and also to some endodermal cells of the cranial one. Most extrahepatic bile duct cells and all epithelial cells of the gall bladder were consistently DBA-positive. In intrahepatic bile ducts and their precursors, the DBA binding sites showed a patchy distribution. Most hepatocytes were DBA-negative, though some young hepatocytes were DBA-positive. The results suggest that DBA binding sites are useful markers of epithelial cells of the gall bladder and the bile ducts, especially the extrahepatic bile duct. Differentiation of bile duct cells was also discussed with special reference to the developmental change of the distribution of the DBA binding sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of high-dose of methylprednisolone on tourniquet ischaemia.

High doses of corticosteroids have been found to have beneficial effects in various shock states. It has been well recognized that ischaemia is one of the important features in shock states. This prompted us to investigate the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone on tourniquet-induced ischaemia using mongrel dogs. After inflation of tourniquets to 600 mmHg on each thigh of the hind legs, one leg received an intravenous infusion of methyl-prednisolone, 3 mg.kg-1 dissolved in 20 ml of autologous blood. The other leg received the same amount of blood only, as a control. During two hours of tourniquet time and until 30 min after tourniquet deflation, venous blood was sampled five times from both hind legs for measurements of blood gas tensions (PvO2, PvCO2) and pH, lactic acid, creatinine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). During tourniquet ischaemia, PvO2 and pH dropped and PvCO2, lactic acid, CK, AST and LDH rose steadily and significantly in both groups of legs, indicating respiratory and metabolic acidosis, and muscle cell damage. However, those changes were significantly smaller in the methylprednisolone-treated legs. The beneficial effect of methylprednisolone could be attributed to its vasodilatory effect, cellular membrane stabilization and direct metabolic effect on skeletal muscle cells. Although the tourniquet-induced ischaemia in our study is slightly different from the clinical paradigm, the results suggest that high-dose methylprednisolone may provide a beneficial effect during tourniquet ischaemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Clinical survey of adverse reactions to contrast media.

From October 1983 to June 1986, 33,400 individuals participated in a clinical survey of adverse reactions to conventional high osmolar contrast media. The frequency of reactions was 7.5% (2,523/33,400). No fatal cases resulted. In patients pretesting positive, the incidence of adverse reactions was 48%. In individuals with a positive history of allergy, the incidence of the reactions was 52%. There was no correlation between the incidence of reactions and the presence or absence of a history of previous contrast media administration. The value of pretesting can not be negated from the present results.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical aspects on adverse reactions to contrast media. Changes of kininogen levels in dog plasma after intravenous injections of iohexol, iopamidol, and iothalamate.

The adverse reactions to contrast media have been investigated by several authors but the exact mechanisms have not yet been established. To study whether kinin-releasing systems are involved in these adverse reactions, we determined total plasma kininogen levels at intervals up to 30 minutes after the intravenous injections of contrast media in dogs. Injections of iohexol, iopamidol, and iothalamate decreased total plasma kininogen levels. This effect increased with increasing dose of the media and suggests that they activated the kinin-releasing systems in the plasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Minimal-change nephrotic syndrome associated with subcutaneous eosinophilic lymphoid granuloma (Kimura's disease).

A 29-year-old Japanese male with a 19-year history of subcutaneous eosinophilic lymphoid granuloma (Kimura's disease) was referred to the Nephrology Service of the Nihon University Hospital for evaluation of edema and massive proteinuria. The renal biopsy disclosed minimal glomerular lesions. In this paper a case of nephrotic syndrome associated with eosinophilic lymphoid granuloma is reported.

Adult↗