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Biomedical subjects

H Katayama

Publications and source records attributed to H Katayama.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Adverse reactions to ionic and nonionic contrast media. A report from the Japanese Committee on the Safety of Contrast Media.

A large-scale (337,647 cases), nationwide comparative clinical study in Japan on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to high-osmolar ionic contrast media and low-osmolar nonionic contrast media was performed prospectively. Ionic contrast media were administered in 169,284 cases (50.1%) and nonionic contrast media in 168,363 cases (49.9%). The overall prevalence of ADRs was 12.66% in the ionic contrast media group and 3.13% in the nonionic contrast media group. Severe ADRs occurred in 0.22% of the ionic and 0.04% of the nonionic contrast media examinations. One death occurred in each group, but a causal relationship to the contrast medium could not be established. It is concluded that nonionic contrast media significantly reduce the frequency of severe and potentially life-threatening ADRs to contrast media at all levels of risk and that use of these media represents the most effective means of increasing the safety of contrast media examinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Contact dermatitis sparing the eruption of herpes zoster and its periphery.

A 63-year-old male developed allergic contact dermatitis with antibiotic ointment applied to the skin eruptions of herpes zoster. From the result of patch test, fradiomycin sulfate contained in the ointment was identified as the contact sensitizing antigen. Strangely, this contact dermatitis was confined to the area surrounding the sores, sparing the lesions and their periphery. We postulated that a decrease in Langerhans cell activity in the herpes zoster lesions and their peripheral area was primarily responsible for this phenomenon, since an important role of Langerhans cells in host defence against herpes virus infection has recently been demonstrated.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1990

[Establishment and characterization of NMSG10 cells from malignant fibrous histiocytoma in human bones].

A cell line (NMSG10) was established from malignant fibrous histiocytoma in human tibial bone. The cells revealed polymorphism at the primary culture stage, but they gradually became monotonous fibroblastic cells during transfer. On light microscopic examination, the features of these transformed cells were shown to be positive for alcian blue, oil red 0 and acid phosphatase stain. In an immunohistochemical test, the cells were shown to be positive for anti-proteoglycans, S-100, alpha 1-antitrypsin, vimentin and actin. An electron microscopic examination, revealed multiple irregular long microvilli extending from the cell surface. Also noted were microvesicles and lipid vacuoles in the cytoplasm. There was also a collagenous microfilament in the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, we found a lot of mucous substance which was able to be stained with alcian blue and to be digested by hyaluronidase in the cultured medium. This mucous substance was identified through two dimensional electrophoresis as being mainly hyaluronic acid with a macromolecular weight, a small amount of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Additionally, chromosomal analysis was performed at the 7th passage, revealing aneuploidy with a modal number of 46. The primary cells and NMSG10 cells were not transferable to nude mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Painless myocardial ischemia in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease: evaluations by treadmill exercise tests].

To elucidate the prevalence and features of painless myocardial ischemia among diabetic patients, 44 consecutive patients with angiographically-documented coronary artery disease and positive treadmill tests were examined. They were 26 with diabetes and 18 without it. Painless myocardial ischemia was defined as the absence of chest pain with 1 mm or more ST segment depression during the exercise stress tests. The severity of ischemia was determined by the magnitude of the ST segment depression. Painless myocardial ischemia was observed in 18 of the 26 (69%) diabetics, and in three of the 18 (17%) non-diabetics (p less than 0.005). The frequency of painless ischemia in the diabetics was relatively high regardless of the severity of ischemia, while painless ischemia was less frequent in the non-diabetics with severe ischemia. With a level of 2.5 mm ST depression, 11 of 12 (92%) diabetics were free of pain compared to four of 11 (36%) non-diabetics (p less than 0.01). Absence of chest pain during the exercise tests was not concordant with prior angina in diabetics, as opposed to non-diabetics in whom both clinical and exercise-induced angina developed concordantly. The diabetic patients without chest pain had a higher prevalence of three major diabetic complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy compared to those developing chest pain (p less than 0.025). It was concluded that in diabetics, painless myocardial ischemia is frequently observed during exercise stress tests and its prevalence is relatively high regardless of the severity of ischemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1990

[A new noninvasive method for calculating pulmonary to systemic flow ratio (Qp/Qs) in patients with atrial septal defect using multigated Doppler echocardiography].

The number of patients with atrial septal defect (ASD) who undergo intracardiac repair without cardiac catheterization has been increasing. A noninvasive quantitative method to estimate the Qp/Qs ratio in this disease is therefore needed, but no simple, accurate method has yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to devise a new clinically useful method. Study materials consisted of 15 patients with ASD who were catheterized and five post-operative patients. For this study a multigated Doppler echocardiographic instrument (Fujitsu ME 120A) was used, which allowed us to ascertain Doppler shift frequency at 64 consecutive sampling volumes up to 13 cm in depth simultaneously. In the parasternal four-chamber view, the cursor was set so as to cross obliquely the right ventricular inflow tract just below the tricuspid valve and the left atrium, just above the mitral valve. Two blood flow profiles were obtained from the flow crossing the tricuspid and mitral valves. The multigated Doppler echocardiogram was recorded on videotape and then analyzed. (1) The encircling area between the profile and the base line was measured for tricuspid and mitral flow independently throughout diastole. After summing up each area of tricuspid (TA) and mitral (MA) flow profiles, the ratio TA/MA was obtained (area calculation method). (2) The flow volume passing through each tricuspid (TF) and mitral valve (MF) was calculated from the flow profile using the "ring approach" reported by Jenni, and the ratio TF/MF was obtained (flow calculation method).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Incidence of atrial septal aneurysm: echocardiographic and pathologic analysis].

We prospectively studied the echocardiographic findings of an atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) to estimate its incidence and to clarify its clinical characteristics and significance. Post-mortem examination was also performed in three patients. Echocardiographically, ASA was defined as a bulging segment of the atrial septum localized in the fossa ovalis, either fixed in one direction or oscillating between the atria. It was classified in three types according to Hanley et al., i.e., Type 1A, protruding into the right atrium without oscillation; Type 1B protruding into the right atrium with oscillation, and Type 2, protruding into the left atrium with oscillation. Among 2,074 consecutive subjects in the echocardiographic study population, ASA was diagnosed in 26 patients (1.2%). This figure was slightly higher than those previously reported (0.6% to 1.0%). The extent of protrusion of the aneurysm was 8 mm or more in all patients, regardless of its direction, and it was assumed that this is a reasonable echocardiographic diagnostic criterion in the apical four-chamber view. All patients were over 51 years in age, with a mean of 71 years. Most patients (96%) had oscillation of their aneurysms. Twenty-one patients (81%) were of Type 2; one was Type 1A, and four were Type 1B. Post-mortem examination of three patients revealed septal protrusion toward the right atrium in all, and patent foramina ovale in two of them. Among the 26 patients, two (8%) had systemic embolic complications; one, cerebellar infarction, the other, cerebral infarction and mesenteric artery embolism. In conclusion, atrial septal aneurysm was observed in 1.2% of subjects undergoing routine echocardiography, with a distinctive distribution among patients over 51 years of age. Characteristically, it protrudes into the left atrium 8 mm or more, and it is sometimes associated with patent foramen ovale. Systemic embolism is a possible complication of this anomaly.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Echocardiographic documentation of the instant of cardiac rupture: a case report].

The instant of cardiac rupture was initially recorded using two-dimensional echocardiography in a patient with acute myocardial infarction. This 70-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of chest pain lasting for six hours. The admission electrocardiogram showed Q waves and S-T segment elevations in leads I, aVL, and V4-6. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed hypokinesis in the middle and apical portions of the anterior septum and hyperkinesis in the basal portion of the anterior septum and the posterior wall. When the patient suddenly lost consciousness, echocardiography detected a rapidly developing pericardial effusion, which filled the pericardial sac within 13 sec. A myocardial tear was recognized at the apex of the left ventricle between portions of the hypokinesis and hyperkinesis. A simultaneously-recorded electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm (84/min) which did not change at the moment of rupture and lasted further for 15 sec until a sudden alteration to sinus bradycardia (46/min) occurred. Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation was unsuccessful and the patient died. This is the first such case in the medical literature in which the instant of cardiac rupture was recorded. Detailed reviews of the video tapes revealed that rapid accumulation of pericardial fluid occurred, followed by transient sinus bradycardia, most likely due to vagal reflex to the stretched pericardium.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A case of gingival hyperplasia induced by nifedipine].

Nifedipine is a new agent belonging to the calcium antagonist group of drugs, applied clinically to circulatory disorders, such as essential hypertension, renal hypertension and angina cordis and has been rapid in gaining popularity in Japan. On the other hand, as do all effective drugs, this drug has side effects, one of which is gingival hyperplasia. The clinical findings are extremely similar to the gingival hyperplasia induced by phenytoin used for the treatment of epilepsy. A 46-year-old man was referred to our hospital whose chief complaint was gingival swelling. He had been receiving nifedipine for his hypertension for about one year. He was diagnosed as having the side-effects of nifedipine due to being treated with 20 mg/day for a year. Nifedipine was discontinued and scaling and oral hygiene resulted in healing.

Gingival Hyperplasia↗
PubMed1990

[Non-quantitative analysis of the renography using 99mTc-DTPA; clinical efficacy and limitation].

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy and limitation of the non-quantitative analysis of renography using 99mTc-DTPA, and to determine the clinical indication of the quantitative analysis of the study. We evaluated the clinical records of the patients and the findings of dynamic imagings and renograms. The non-quantitative analysis of the examination seemed to be useful to the selected cases, and quantitative analysis appeared to be dispensable except for the cases to evaluate the grade of parenchymal damages and causes of asymptomatic hematuria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A surgically treated case of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the right atrium, diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging].

We report a successful surgical repair of a 33-year-old male with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) to the right atrium and pulmonary valve stenosis. This case was diagnosed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The findings of MRI clearly showed an abnormal development of the atrial septum far to the left, and the right lower pulmonary vein connected to the right atrium. An embryologic explanation of PAPVC can be provided in many cases by persistent communication between pulmonary veins and systemic veins. However, the MRI findings of this case support the suggestion of Neill that an abnormal development of the atrial septum far to the left provides an embryologic explanation for PAPVC to the right atrium. Preoperative MRI study of PAPVC to the right atrium prove to be of great value in preventing accidental over-cutting of the posterior atrial wall during surgical correction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Phagocytosis and bactericidal action of mouse peritoneal macrophages treated with leukotriene B4.

The effects of exogenous leukotriene B4 (LTB4) on the resistance of mouse peritoneal macrophages against Salmonella (S.) typhimurium and Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa infections were studied. In vitro, LTB4 added to macrophage monolayers at final concentrations of 10(-12)-10(-8) M, enhanced their phagocytosis of S. typhimurium to 2.3 times the control level and that of P. aeruginosa to 1.8 times the control level. The intracellular killing rates were also elevated by the addition of LTB4: for S. typhimurium, 83.3% (LTB4) vs 59.1% (control) and for P. aeruginosa, 46.5% (LTB4) vs 9.2% (control). In vivo, intraperitoneally injected LTB4 (5 ng) enhanced the clearance at 24 h of intraperitoneally injected S. typhimurium from the mouse peritoneal cavity (2.38 x 10(3) +/- 0.94 x 10(3) cells [LTB4] vs 5.73 x 10(5) +/- 1.90 x 10(5) [control]) and spleen (5.00 x 10(2) +/- 0.94 x 10(2) [LTB4] vs 2.47 x 10(4) +/- 0.84 x 10(4) [control]), but this effect disappeared by 48 h. In contrast, in beige mice, an experimental model of the Chédiak-Higashi syndrome that is characterized by susceptibility to bacterial infection, there was no induction of the eliminating effect by intraperitoneal injection of LTB4. Activation of macrophages by exogenous LTB4 seemed to have contributed to such an augmented resistance of macrophages to bacterial infection. This study suggested a possible use of LTB4 in bacterial infectious diseases whereby phagocytes are able to play a key role in host defense.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Activated partial thromboplastin time-protamine dose relation in the presence and absence of heparin.

A protamine titration is one of the methods to determine the protamine dose necessary to neutralize heparin. The protamine dose response was studied with the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in the presence of a known amount of heparin and in the absence of heparin, using freshly prepared human plasma. When heparin was present in the plasma, APTT values plateaued between a minimal neutralizing dose of protamine and a protamine dose five times greater. At doses above the APTT plateau, protamine exerted its own anticoagulant action as evidenced by an increase in APTT values. In the absence of heparin, APTT did not change until the protamine concentration reached 50 micrograms/mL. Then the APTT began to increase above this critical concentration. The increases in APTT values caused by an increase of 50 micrograms/mL of protamine were significantly greater without heparin than they were in the presence of heparin. These results suggest that protamine has a wide safety range when neutralizing heparin without exerting its own anticoagulant action. Although the mechanisms are under speculation, the heparin-protamine complex may inhibit the anticoagulant action of protamine in vitro.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1989

Induction of squamous metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the mouse tracheal mucosa by inhalation of sodium chloride mist following subcutaneous injection of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide.

Squamous metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (CIS) were induced in the ICR/Jcl mouse tracheal mucosa by exposure to a mist of 5% NaCl solution following single subcutaneous injection of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO). Either subcutaneous injection of 4-NQO or NaCl inhalation alone did not cause any marked change in the tracheal mucosa. The NaCl inhalation is considered to have promotion-like action on the mouse tracheal mucosa after administration of 4-NQO injection.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗