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Biomedical subjects

H Kamiya

Publications and source records attributed to H Kamiya.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A comparative trial of the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of Takeda acellular pertussis vaccine combined with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids. Outcome in 3- to 8-month-old infants, 9- to 23-month-old infants and children, and 24- to 30-month-old children.

The reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the Takeda acellular pertussis vaccine combined with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids were compared in 139 infants aged 3 to 8 months, 60 infants and children aged 9 to 23 months, and 99 children aged 24 to 30 months. Good antibody responses to pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), and agglutinogens occurred in all age groups after both the third and fourth doses. After the fourth (booster) dose, the mean antibody values in initially seronegative infants vaccinated at 3 to 8 months of age were as follows: anti-PT, 67.8 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay units (EU) per milliliter; anti-FHA, 149.5 EU/mL; the agglutinin titer was 125.6. The values in initially seronegative children vaccinated at 24 to 30 months of age were as follows: anti-PT, 92.9 EU/mL; anti-FHA, 251.7 EU/mL; the agglutinin titer was 275.8. Reactions following immunization were minimal. Except for drowsiness after the first dose in infants, there were no clinically significant differences in reactions between infants and older children. The findings in this study coupled with the recent demonstration of efficacy of this vaccine in 2-year-old children supports the recent Japanese recommendation to lower the age of immunization with acellular pertussis vaccine combined with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids to 3 months.

Anorexia↗
PubMed1990

Role of central tachykinin peptides in cardiovascular regulation in rats.

The mechanisms of action of tachykinin peptides thought to be involved in central cardiovascular regulation were examined. Intracerebroventricular injections (i.c.v.) of tachykinin peptides caused dose-dependent increases in blood pressure and heart rate. The pressor responses to substance P (SP) (10 micrograms, i.c.v.) and neurokinin A (NKA) (10 micrograms, i.c.v.) were blocked by peripheral administration of pentolinium or phentolamine, and partially attenuated by adrenalectomy. In contrast, the only initial pressor response to the neurokinin B (NKB) analogue senktide (10 micrograms, i.c.v.) was blocked by pentolinium or phentolamine. The pressor response to senktide was inhibited by pretreatment with a vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist (d(CH2)5OMe(Tyr)AVP) (10 micrograms/kg, i.v.), and senktide (10 micrograms, i.c.v.) caused an increase in plasma vasopressin level. However, the vasopressin antagonist did not influence the SP- and NKA-induced pressor responses. These results suggest that central SP and NKA increase the blood pressure and heart rate via sympathetic nerve activity, whereas central NKB increases the blood pressure mainly via release of vasopressin from the hypothalamus.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1990

Shedding of CD9 antigen into cerebrospinal fluid by acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.

The accurate identification of small numbers of leukemic cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) presents a diagnostic problem in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We demonstrated that soluble CD9 antigen was shed into CSF obtained from children with ALL, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which used the activity of CD9 antigen to bind the Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA1) and a monoclonal antibody, SJ-9A4, simultaneously. Using RCA1/SJ-9A4 ELISA, CD9 antigen was detectable in CSF but not in plasma from 12 cases of CD9+ ALL in central nervous system (CNS) relapse. However, CD9 antigen was not released into CSF from 11 cases of CD9- ALL with CNS involvement, 136 cases of CD9+ ALL in complete remission (CR), 29 cases of CD9- ALL in CR, or 21 cases of aseptic meningitis. Interestingly, the levels of CD9 antigen were elevated in CSF from 7 of 10 CD9+ ALL patients without cytologically proven CNS involvement at diagnosis, with subsequent return to undetectable levels after initial induction chemotherapy was begun. In addition, sequential analysis of CSF from a 5-year-old boy with CD9+ ALL in CNS relapse showed that levels of CD9 antigen correlated well with the number of leukemic cells in CSF. Serial quantitative analysis of CD9 antigen in CSF could be useful to detect the proliferation of residual leukemic cells before the clinical manifestation.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1990

The amino-acid sequence of multiple lectins of the acorn barnacle Megabalanus rosa and its homology with animal lectins.

The amino-acid sequence of a lectin isolated from the coelomic fluid of the acorn barnacle Megabalanus rosa has been determined. The lectin (Mr 140,000) is a multimeric protein whose subunit consists of 173 amino acids and one carbohydrate chain attached to Asn-39. The amino-acid sequence was determined by the manual sequencing of peptides derived from the protein by digestion with Staphylococcus aureus V8 proteinase, lysine endopeptidase and chymotrypsin, as well as fragments produced by cleavage with cyanogen bromide. The amino-acid sequence of the lectin was compared with the sequence of one (Mr 64,000) of the multiple lectins of M. rosa. They are distinct molecules in spite of a significant homology in their amino-acid sequences. The amino-acid sequence includes some regions homologous to those in other invertebrate lectins, such as sea urchin and flesh fly lectins, and vertebrate lectins. This is the first report to show the amino-acid sequence of multiple lectins isolated from an invertebrate.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

The positions of the disulfide bonds and the glycosylation site in a lectin of the acorn barnacle Megabalanus rosa.

The positions of the interchain and intrachain disulfide bonds and the glycosylation site in a lectin of the acorn barnacle Megabalanus rosa were determined. The lectin (Mr 140,000) is composed of the same subunit (Mr 22,000) which is cross-linked by disulfide bonds to form a dimer. Intact lectin yielded two fragments, CB1 and CB2, by cleavage with cyanogen bromide. One intrachain and two interchain disulfide bonds were identified as Cys-53-Cys-61, Cys-14-Cys-50' and Cys-50-Cys-14', respectively, by enzymatic digestion and Edman degradation of CB1. Two intrachain disulfide bonds were determined as Cys-78-Cys-168 and Cys-144-Cys-160 by enzymatic digestion of CB2. The two intrachain disulfide bonds are well conserved through all invertebrate lectins and calcium-dependent animal lectins. S-Carboxamidomethylated lectin was digested with Staphylococcus aureus V8 proteinase and separated by reversed-phase HPLC. Glycopeptides were detected by the 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4'-azobenzene sulfonyl hyrazide method. Sequence analyses of the glycopeptides showed that a carbohydrate chain attached to Asn-39.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of tachykinin receptors in endothelial cells of porcine artery.

The binding of iodine-labeled Bolton-Hunter substance P (125I-BHSP) to porcine endothelial cell membranes was examined. The endothelial cells had a single high-affinity binding site with a dissociation constant of 0.10 nM, and a maximum number of binding sites of 52.2 fmol/mg protein. The relative potencies of various tachykinins to displace the binding of 47 pM 125I-BHSP suggested that endothelial cells of porcine aorta contain the NK-1 subtype of tachykinin receptor. A GTP analogue, guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate, induced marked reduction in the number of 125I-BHSP binding sites suggesting that these binding sites are coupled with GTP-binding protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Histological, immunohistochemical, and chromosomal studies on non-adrenal neuroblastomas without increased excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites in urine.

We reviewed our records for the last 10 years and found three of the 36 patients with neuroblastoma did not excrete significantly increased quantities of catecholamine metabolites in urine. All of these tumors were histologically characterized by small round cells and possessed a few dense core granules on the electron microscopic examination. All of them were reacted with anti-neuron-specific enolase (NSE) antibodies, OKB2, PI153/3 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). The HNK-1, BA-1, and SJ-9A4 MoAbs reacted with two out of three. One of them demonstrated a reciprocal translocation involving the short arm deletion of chromosome 1. This multidisciplinary study has been helpful in making more accurate diagnoses for neuroblastoma without classical clinical characters.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1990

Recovery of tryptophan in peptides and proteins by high-temperature and short-term acid hydrolysis in the presence of phenol.

The addition of 3% (w/v) phenol to 6 M HCl largely prevented the destruction of tryptophan during rapid hydrolysis of peptides and proteins at 166 degrees C for 25 min or at 145 degrees C for 4 h. This hydrolysis procedure was advantageous for amino acid microanalysis using conventional high-performance liquid chromatography with a precolumn derivatization technique. The recovery of tryptophan from proteins was at least 80%. The addition of phenol also improved the recovery of methionine and carboxymethylcysteine. The amount of tryptophan in proteins electroblotted onto a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane was determined by this method.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1990

Bacteriostatic and cytolytic activity of purple fluid from the sea hare.

A bacteriostatic factor, aplysianin P, was purified from the purple fluid of a sea hare, Aplysia kurodai, as a glycoprotein of 60 K daltons. A cytolytic glycoprotein purified from the purple fluid of Dolabella auricularia did not show antibacterial activity. Aplysianin P was half-maximally active for gram-positive and -negative bacteria at 0.2-5.8 micrograms/mL and its action was not bactericidal but bacteriostatic. Aplysianin P completely inhibited the syntheses of DNA and RNA by E. coli, but it did not induce the release of ATP from bacteria. These results suggest that aplysianin P, found in an invertebrate, the sea hare, is a new bacteriostatic protein and that it exerts its action by inhibiting nucleic acid syntheses, as a DNA-inhibiting, chemotherapeutic drug does.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

New two-dimensional, echocardiographically directed pericardiocentesis in cardiac tamponade.

Seventeen patients with cardiac tamponade were treated by pericardiocentesis guided by two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiography and a needle guide. The needle guide used in the present study was designed so that the needle path lies within the center of the scan thickness. Before actual puncture, the mask method was performed in a water bath so that the needle progress avoided injury. The needle progress was monitored continuously in real time on the display throughout the procedure. Immediate relief from acute cardiac tamponade was obtained in all except one patient, who was treated by pericardiotomy because of insufficient drainage. In two patients, second drainage was performed because of reaccumulation of the pericardial effusion. There were no major complications. Nine patients recovered and the other patients died of underlying disease. Accurate and efficient visualization of the needle might allow a safer procedure. We conclude that pericardiocentesis guided by 2-D echocardiography using a needle guide may be a safe and easily applied technique for the management of pericardial effusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A simple, general method for detecting retroviral RNAs expressed in cells.

A simple, efficient method has been developed for detecting retroviral RNAs expressed in cells. In this method, total RNAs or poly A+ RNAs extracted from various human cells are separated by electrophoresis and hybridized with synthetic oligonucleotides corresponding to the 3'-terminal 18 nucleotides of various tRNAs. Genomic and subgenomic RNAs of HTLV-I and HTLV-II in virus-infected cells and of xenotropic murine leukemia virus expressed in human lung cancer cells were easily detected with the tRNA(Pro)-derived oligonucleotide probe. This technique can be used to search for unidentified retroviruses expressed in human cancer cells and tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of pediatric malignant tumors with VP-16. West Japan Pediatric Oncology Group.

The West Japan Pediatric Oncology Group studied the treatment of pediatric malignant tumors with VP-16 from December 1984 to March 1988. Study subjects were divided into two groups. One group received only VP-16, while the other received VP-16 combined with other anti-tumor agents. VP-16 evaluation was possible in a total of 116 cases. The efficacy rate was calculated by considering both complete and partial remission as effective. The efficacy rate for VP-16 alone was 87.5% for primary cases of ANLL and 100% for primary cases of histiocytosis. The efficacy rates for combination therapy were as follows: 92.6% for primary cases of ANLL, 66.7% for primary cases of histiocytosis, 45.5% for relapsed cases of ANLL and 66.7% for relapsed cases of ALL. Bone marrow suppression was seen in the form of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia for 2 to 3 weeks after VP-16 administration. Alopecia, mucositis and gastrointestinal symptoms were also observed, but they presented no significant problem. From our results, we believe that chemotherapy including VP-16 is effective for remission induction therapy in primary cases of ANLL and for salvage therapy in relapsed leukemia. Additionally, VP-16 is considered to be effective for the treatment of histiocytosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

c-Ha-ras down regulates the alpha-fetoprotein gene but not the albumin gene in human hepatoma cells.

We studied the effects of transfection of the normal c-Ha-ras gene, rasGly-12, and its oncogenic mutant, rasVal-12, on expression of the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin genes in a human hepatoma cell line, HuH-7. The mutant and, to a lesser extent, the normal ras gene caused reduction of the AFP mRNA but not the albumin mRNA level in transfected HuH-7 cells. Cotransfection experiments with a rasVal-12 expression plasmid and a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene fused to AFP regulatory sequences showed that rasVal-12 suppressed the activity of enhancer and promoter regions containing A + T-rich sequences (AT motif). In contrast, rasVal-12 did not affect the promoter activity of the albumin and human hepatitis B virus pre-S1 genes even though these promoters contain homologous A + T-rich elements. ras transfection appeared to induce phosphorylation of nuclear proteins that interact with the AFP AT motif, since gel mobility analysis revealed the formation of slow-moving complexes which was reversed by phosphatase treatment. However, similar changes in complex formation were observed with the albumin and hepatitis B surface antigen pre-S1 promoters. Therefore, this effect alone cannot explain the specific down regulation of the AFP promoter and enhancer activity. ras-mediated suppression of the AFP gene may reflect the process of developmental gene regulation in which AFP gene transcription is controlled by a G-protein-linked signal transduction cascade triggered by external growth stimuli.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Advantage of cine-MR imaging for the evaluation of valvular regurgitation.

It is well known that the regurgitant blood flow of valvular disease shows a low intensity signal (LS) in cine-MR imaging (cMRI). To determine the significance of cMRI in evaluation of valvular regurgitation, 104 patients who had been assessed by cineangiography also underwent oblique cMRI for mitral regurgitation (MR) and aortic regurgitation (AR), and transverse cMRI for tricuspid regurgitation (TR). In evaluating the accuracy of diagnosis of valvular regurgitation on the basis of the presence of LS in the recipient chamber, sensitivity was found to be 93.5% for MR, 100% for AR and 85.7% for TR; specificity was 76.9% for MR and 100% for AR. The length and area of LS were planimetered in any view with the largest area, and its ratios to the length and area of the recipient chamber of view were calculated. Each index was significantly higher than the degree calculated by cineangiography. The best correlation with angiography was the ratio of the area of LS to the recipient chamber, and a semiquantitative classification by the index was coincident with angiographic severity in 38 of 43 (88.4%) patients undergoing MR, and in 28 of 30 (93.3%) patients undergoing AR. Thus, cMRI is a clinically useful noninvasive method in the identification and semiquantitative assessment of regurgitation severity.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1990

[Red soft coral-induced allergic symptoms observed in spiny lobster fishermen].

Among spiny lobster fishermen on the Pacific coast of Miyazaki Prefecture, the authors found two cases with bronchial asthma due to occupational sensitization with red soft corals (Dendronephthytia nipponica). In this report are presented these two cases, and the results of further investigation from allergic viewpoint on 72 subjects of the same occupation. Among these fishermen, such symptoms as sneezing, nasal discharge, cough, asthmatic attacks, conjunctival hyperamia, and dermatitis on removal of catches (red soft corals) from a dragnet were seen during spiny lobster fishing season, from September to mid-April. These symptoms did not develop on days when no soft corals (marine coelenterate) were caught in the lobster net. From a survey conducted with questionnaires all subjects of fishermen had conjunctival and skin manifestations, 9% of them had bronchial asthma and 39% of them complained of symptoms of rhinitis on exposure to red soft corals. Intracutaneous test with red soft coral extract in the asthmatic fishermen showed strongly positive for immediate and delayed type reactions, whereas in ten asthmatics engaged in other occupation negative for delayed reaction and occasionally positive for immediate reaction. And in all of five healthy subjects the cutaneous reaction of both types were quite negative. These findings suggest that red soft corals are both allergenic and irritating to humans. The allergic reactions due to red soft corals are considered to be a kind of occupational allergy that has arisen from alterations in work condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Mitral valve function after open mitral commissurotomy: assessment by Doppler echocardiography].

To evaluate mitral valve function and its long-term outcome after open mitral commissurotomy (OMC), we examined 39 patients using Doppler echocardiography. There were 13 males and 26 females; who were examined a total of 83 times after the surgery at about one year intervals (seven to 240 months, averaging 78 months). We measured the velocity of transmitral blood flow using the continuous wave Doppler method (CWD), and the transmitral pressure half time (PHT), mean velocity (m V) and peak velocity (pV) were calculated. The presence and severity of mitral regurgitation (MR) were assessed by color flow mapping. 1. PHT gradually increased and significantly correlated (r = 0.63, p less than 0.001) with the months passed after OMC. The regression line of PHT in postoperative months was "PHT = 0.70 x PMo + 83" (PMo = postoperative months). The mV and pV tended to increase gradually, but did not significantly correlate with the months passed after the surgery. 2. Among the 39 patients, 28 (72%) had MR, and their severity was classified as 1+ in two, 2+ in 19, 3+ in six and 4+ in one. Among 21 patients who had no MR before OMC, MR appeared in 12 (57%), and its severity was classified as 1+ in one, 2+ in nine and 3+ in two. All five patients with preoperative MR had MR postoperatively, and their severity was classified as 1+ in one, 2+ in two and 3+ in two. The presence of the preoperative MR of the remaining 13 patients was unknown.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗