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Biomedical subjects

H Kameda

Publications and source records attributed to H Kameda.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Hepatic gamma-glutamyl transferase and hepatic fibrosis in patients with alcoholic liver disease.

The activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the liver of 22 patients with alcoholic liver disease, 24 with nonalcoholic liver disease and 12 normal controls was measured. The enhanced hepatic GGT activity was higher in alcoholic patients and nonalcoholic patients than in the normal controls. No statistical significance of difference could be found in hepatic GGT activity between alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients, while serum GGT activity was markedly elevated in alcoholic patients compared to nonalcoholic patients. There was better correlation between hepatic and serum GGT activity in alcoholic patients. Furthermore the enhanced hepatic GGT activity could contribute to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis as a result of the investigation for hepatic GGT activity and histological liver fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Inhibitory effect of nicotine on chemiluminescence response of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated by opsonized zymosan in vitro.

Effect of nicotine on chemiluminescence (CL) responses of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in vitro was investigated. Nicotine, ranging from 10(-5) to 5 X 10(-4)M, showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of the CL induced by 2.5 mg of opsonized zymosan. This inhibitory effect of nicotine (10(-4)M) on CL was not affected by atropine (10(-4)M), hexamethonium (10(-4)M) or acetyl beta-methylcholine (10(-4)M). These results indicate that nicotine directly acts to PMN with no relation of cholinergic affecting receptors. As to cytotoxic effects on PMN, assessed by the methods of trypan blue exclusion and of lactate dehydrogenase leakage from the cells, nicotine showed no cytotoxic effect on PMN in its range of 10(-5) to 5 X 10(-4)M. It is concluded that tobacco alkaloid nicotine could directly inhibit phagocytizing function of PMN. Furthermore, it is presumed that PMN circulating in the respiratory organs in tobacco smoking would be exposed to high concentrations of nicotine, and that the nicotine incorporated into the circulating system could suppress PMN functions resulting in harmful influences on the host defense mechanisms.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1984

Clinical and nutritional study on gallstone disease in Japan.

The dietary factors, as a cause on increasing incidence of gallstones in Japan, were studied. The increase in the incidence of gallstones at autopsy was nearly paralleled with that of fat intake on a line graph and reversely the carbohydrate intake including crude fiber showed a decreasing trend. In the nutritional survey of patients with gallstone, the fat intake was 22% higher than that of the control group, and the crude fiber intake was 18% lower. Comparing the incidence of cholesterol stones during each 10 years of 1953-1962 and 1969-1980 with the nutritional intake, the incidence of gallstones increased by 25% and the fat intake by 120%, but the carbohydrate intake including crude fiber decreased by 14%. From the above, it was considered that the increase of the incidence of cholesterol gallstones was related to the increase of the fat intake and the decrease of the crude fiber intake. A study on black stone was carried out with an infrared spectroscopic analysis and scanning electron microscopic observation, and we now proposed a new classification of this type of stones.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1983

A clinical study on gallstones in Bolivia.

To clarify the prevalence of gallstone disease in Bolivia, all the X-ray films of the biliary system in a total of 656 cases taken during 10 months in La Paz were checked. Gallstones were found in 103 cases (15.7%). The ratio of male to female was 1:1.9. Cholecystolithiasis comprised 76.7% of them, while choledocholithiasis was rare. The analysis of gallstones removed surgically by an infrared absorption spectroscopy revealed that cholesterol was main constituent of stones in 62 cases (93.9%) out of 66 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[An autopsy case of double cancer (Hepatocellular carcinoma and mixed germ cell tumor of the testis)--significance of alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin as tumor markers].

A 43-year-old male suffering from liver cirrhosis was admitted with complaints of general malaise and anorexia. Admission laboratory data evidenced high levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Histopathologically, the resected left testis and supraclavicular enlarged lymph nodes revealed mixed germ cell tumor. After castration, the serum HCG level normalized, but AFP continued to increase. Autopsy findings did not unequivocally show mixed germ cell tumor, however, massive type hepatocellular carcinoma was present. These findings suggest that the hepatocellular carcinoma produced AFP, while the mixed germ cell tumor produced HCG.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

An epidemic of non-A, non-B hepatitis in Japan.

An epidemic of viral hepatitis was studied in the Okitsu area of Shimizu city in Japan from April 1980 to November 1981. One hundred thirty-six serum samples from patients with viral hepatitis were tested for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis A virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus infection. Immunoserological data showed the outbreak of viral hepatitis to be non-A, non-B hepatitis. Epidemiological investigations revealed that the mode of the outbreak was from person to person by close contact and the incubation period was from about 2 to 5 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of alpha-fetoprotein secreted from cultured reuber H-35 hepatoma cells.

Reuber H-35 hepatoma cells were examined for their ability to synthesize protein in vitro, especially to produce alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The presence of AFP in the culture supernatant solution was determined immunologically by the micro-Ouchterlony method. Charge heterogeneity of AFP was examined electrophoretically in continuous gradient polyacrylamide microgels. With regard to the duration of culture, there was no remarkable change in the ratio of two peaks of AFP, and which came out as a major combined peak and a similar peak by PAS staining on the condition of added SDS. These findings indicated that Reuber H-35 hepatoma cells had potential to produce two charge variants of AFP in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Major depressive episode and low dose dexamethasone suppression test.

The authors studied the validity of a low dose (0.5 mg) dexamethasone suppression test (DST) in identifying depression. Nine patients who met the criteria of major depressive episode (MDE) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, another nine psychiatric patients and one normal subject underwent the DST. At least one of the two blood samples obtained either at 8 a.m. or at 2 p.m. from each of the nine patients with MDE showed a cortisol concentration of over 5.0 micrograms/dl, while the cortisol concentration in the other 10 subjects was uniformly suppressed under this level. All the patients with MDE could be identified by nonsuppression of the cortisol secretion at 8 a.m. or at 2 p.m. An "early escape" phenomenon in depressed patients reported by Carroll et al. (1976) was absent in a 0.5 mg DST, and the blood samples at 8 p.m. were less useful for identifying the depressive patient. The reason why the one point sampling method used by previous investigators was insufficient to identify the depressed patient was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Liver pathology of idiopathic portal hypertension. Comparison with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis of India. The Japan idiopathic portal hypertension study.

Morphological changes of the liver were studied in 24 autopsy cases of noncirrhotic portal hypertension of unknown etiology (idiopathic portal hypertension, IPH), and in 123 surgical biopsies from such patients. For comparison, 15 whole-cut liver slices from autopsy cases of noncirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF) from India were also studied. Liver pathology was very similar in IPH and NCPF, characterized by phlebosclerotic changes and perivascular fibrosis of the portal vein system, and parenchymal atrophy perhaps secondary to portal circulatory insufficiency. The distribution of lesions was uneven, and despite marked fibrosis and occasional surface nodularity, there was no diffuse pseudonodule formation in the parenchyma. Surgical specimens showed similar changes except for more frequent portal cellular infiltrates, but the changes seen in one biopsy specimen were limited and not always diagnostic. It seems that IPH of Japan and NCPF of India are the same disease, and perhaps hepatoportal sclerosis elsewhere is also the same disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Therapeutic effects of tiopronin on chronic hepatitis: a double-blind clinical study.

The efficacy of tiopronin (2-mercaptopropionyl glycine) 600 mg daily in the treatment of chronic active or chronic persistent hepatitis has been assessed in a double-blind controlled clinical trial of 12 weeks involving 165 Japanese patients with histologically proven disease. Treatment with the drug was associated with a significant improvement in abnormalities of serum transaminase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, with reversion towards baseline values on stopping the drug. Improvement was independent of the histological classification of the disease, or HBsAg status. The drug was well tolerated with few side-effects. The results of this short-term study indicate that tiopronin may be of value in the treatment of chronic hepatitis.

Acyltransferases↗