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Biomedical subjects

H Kameda

Publications and source records attributed to H Kameda.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Human bile duct carcinoma cell line producing abundant mucin in vitro.

A human bile duct carcinoma cell line, designated OZ, was established from ascitic effusion of a patient who suffered from obstructive jaundice due to the clogging of the common bile duct with mucinous substances secreted by the cancer cells. OZ was found to be capable of producing mucin in vitro and pools of mucin were macroscopically identified on the monolayer of the cells. On the electron micrographs, cell coat type mucin and abundant intracytoplasmic desmosomes were observed. The OZ cells secreted carcinoembryonic antigen in culture and had high enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The tumor heterotransplanted into nude mice also showed mucin production.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1987

Effects of ranitidine on plasma clearance of indocyanine green in patients with liver cirrhosis.

The effects of ranitidine on plasma clearance of ICG were investigated in 68 cirrhotic patients (9 were positive for HBsAg, 33 were alcoholics and 26 had cryptogenic cirrhosis). The ICG clearance test was performed before and after ranitidine administration. In 31 patients treated with ranitidine (150 mg perorally), the plasma ICG clearance were 233.6 +/- 20.4 ml/min (mean +/- S.E.) and 239.2 +/- 20.5 ml/min before and after ranitidine, respectively. In the 37 treated with intravenous ranitidine 50 mg, the corresponding values were 205.4 +/- 17.7 ml/min and 206.4 +/- 17.9 ml/min. There was no significant change in the plasma clearance of ICG or the elimination rate constant after ranitidine administration. Even in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, no significant change was demonstrated in the plasma ICG clearance after ranitidine. These results led to the conclusions that ranitidine does not reduce the hepatic blood flow and that it is a safe and useful drug for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of labetalol on in vitro preparations of the trachea and lung strips and on ventilation overflow in vivo in guinea pigs.

The responses of guinea pig central and peripheral airways to labetalol (both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity) were studied using in vivo and in vitro preparations of the trachea and lung strips. The ventilation overflow enhanced by infusion of histamine in anesthetized guinea pigs was much more aggravated by labetalol and propranolol. The beta-adrenoceptor blocking potency of labetalol and propranolol was not significantly different between the in vitro tracheal preparations and the lung strips. Isoproterenol and salbutamol relaxed the tracheal preparations more markedly than they did the lung strips. Histamine and acetylcholine contracted the lung strips more remarkably than they did the trachea. Labetalol relaxed the trachea more markedly than it did the lung strips by its intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. These results suggest that the peripheral airways are more sensitive to constrictors and the central airways are more sensitive to relaxants such as beta-stimulants, and that the different responsiveness between the two airways to labetalol and histamine might have produced the different in vivo observations.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1986

Detection of hepatitis B virus infection in hepatitis B surface antigen-negative hemodialysis patients by monoclonal radioimmunoassays.

We studied 375 chronic hemodialysis patients for evidence of hepatitis B virus infection using first- and second-generation monoclonal radioimmunoassays. These assays employ high-affinity monoclonal antibodies produced against antigenic determinants that reside on hepatitis B surface antigen. Such assays have a lower limit of detection for hepatitis B surface antigen-associated determinants in serum of approximately 55 and 15 pg/ml, respectively. We found that 14 of 375 chronic hemodialysis patients were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen by both polyclonal and monoclonal radioimmunoassay. However, an additional 17, some of whom had chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma, were identified as harboring hepatitis B virus infection only by the monoclonal radioimmunoassays. Thus the monoclonal radioimmunoassays improved the hepatitis B virus detection rate by 120% (3.7% vs. 8.3%). More importantly, 6 of the 17 monoclonal radioimmunoassay-reactive patients had no serologic evidence of recent or past hepatitis B virus exposure as shown by the absence of antibodies to the hepatitis B core and surface antigens in the blood. We conclude that there are hemodialysis patients with hepatitis B virus infection undetectable by conventional polyclonal radioimmunoassays.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A study on the mechanism of the antiasthmatic effect of labetalol on experimental histamine-induced asthma].

The effect of labetalol (alpha- and beta- adrenoceptor blocking agent) on the respiratory organs of guinea pig was investigated in vivo and in vitro. The asthmatic symptoms which were induced by inhalation of histamine were relieved by pretreatment with labetalol (1-5 mg/kg, i.p.) in most cases. Propranolol, on the contrary, aggravated distinctly the histamine-induced asthma, although phentolamine and diphenhydramine relieved the asthma. Experiments carried out in vitro showed that labetalol relaxed the tonus of isolated tracheal preparation, shifting the histamine dose-response curve to the right and downward. The down shifting by labetalol was dose-dependent and much more sensitive than that by papaverine, and it disappeared after pretreatment of propranolol. Thus, it was considered that labetalol exerted a relaxing action on the tracheal preparation by a beta 2-adrenoceptor partial agonist action (intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, ISA). Since labetalol in high concentration also shifted the histamine dose-response curve parallel to the right as seen with phentolamine or diphenhydramine, it was considered that labetalol exerted not only an alpha-blocking action but also an antihistaminic action.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A difference in mode of antagonism between optical isomers of a potent selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker (YM-12617) and norepinephrine in isolated rabbit iris dilator and aorta.

Optical isomers of YM-12617, a potent and selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker, were tested on the rabbit iris dilator and aorta. The order of potency was R(-)-isomer greater than racemate greater than S(+)-isomer. The R(-)-isomer and racemate behaved as an essentially irreversible antagonist to norepinephrine in the iris dilator where the efficacy of norepinephrine was small, although the S(+)-isomer was a competitive antagonist. These drugs behaved as a competitive antagonist of norepinephrine in the aorta where the efficacy of norepinephrine was large.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

Guanase activity in the donor serum and the incidence of posttransfusion hepatitis non-A, non-B.

Guanase activity in sera obtained from various liver diseases and normal subjects was measured by a direct colorimetric method. It was also measured in fresh whole blood (FWB) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) which were transfused to 78 patients during cardiac operations. Guanase activity was elevated in various liver diseases, and good correlation was found between guanase activity and amino-transferases. Thus, guanase activity was thought to be a good marker of liver damage. Among 78 patients, 17 patients (21.8%) developed posttransfusion hepatitis. All were non-A, non-B hepatitis. Mean value of guanase activity in 1527 units of FWB was 1.96 +/- 1.31 U/L, and in 353 units of FFP it was 2.29 +/- 1.02 U/L. Therefore, the normal upper limit of guanase activity of FWB and FFP was defined as 4.5 U/L (mean +/- 2S.D.). Among 1880 units of FWB and FFP, 56 units (3.0%) exceeded this limit. Among 24 recipients of FWB or FFP with guanase activity above 4.5 U/L, 11 cases (45.7%) developed posttransfusion hepatitis, while in 54 recipients of FWB or FFP below 4.5 U/L, only 6 cases (11.1%) developed hepatitis. This result means that blood or plasma with guanase activity above 4.5 U/L had higher risk of transmitting posttransfusion hepatitis non-A, non-B. Accordingly, a screening of donor blood by the activity of guanase may be useful for the prevention of posttransfusion hepatitis non-A, non-B.

Aminohydrolases↗
PubMed1986

[Surgical treatment of chronic constipation with megarectum in children].

In this paper, a new operative procedure for patients with chronic constipation with megarectum and its results are presented. Nine cases of idiopathic chronic constipation and one case of short aganglionosis showing megarectum underwent this operation. An incision was placed on the dentate line at 6 o'clock and the internal sphincter muscle was identified. The incision was extended to this muscle. The blunt division between the internal and external sphincter muscles was orally advanced 5 cm from the dentate line. The all layers of anus and lower part of rectum in length of 5 cm were clamped by 2 forceps in width of 1 cm. The mucosal and muscular layers were bilaterally cut in the outer side of the forceps. The rectum on the top of the forceps was pulled through to the dentate line and was anastomosed there; i.e. the posterior part of the anus was replaced by the rectal wall. Bowel habits of operated patients were evaluated at 1 to 3 years after the operation. Complete cure was obtained in 7 cases (including 1 case with aganglionosis). Three cases improved but needed sometimes suppositories. This procedure, sphinctero-myectomy and-plasty may be an operation of choice for chronic constipation with megarectum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of CA 19-9, TPA, IAP and 5'-NPD-V as tumor markers of hepatocellular, bile duct and pancreas carcinoma].

The serum level of CA 19-9 elevated exponentially in gastrointestinal carcinoma and the specificity of CA 19-9 was extraordinarily high. The sensitivity of CA 19-9 to pancreas, bile duct, hepatocellular and metastatic liver carcinoma was 75%, 79%, 22%, and 82% each. TPA seems to be useful as a screening tumor maker of gastrointestinal carcinoma, because the sensitivity was very high (84%) in every gastrointestinal carcinoma. IAP increased in pancreas and bile duct carcinoma and reflected immunological status of tumor bearing host. 5'-NPD-V was useful tumor marker not only of hepatocellular carcinoma but also pancreas and bile duct carcinoma.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗