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Biomedical subjects

H Kamada

Publications and source records attributed to H Kamada.

172 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Clinical study on dosage schedule of tobramycin: controlled comparison between 180 mg b.i.d. and t.i.d].

The efficacy and safety of tobramycin (TOB) administration at 90 mg twice a day (90 mg group) to patients with respiratory tract infections (RTI) were objectively investigated by means of a well-controlled comparative study. The results in this 90 mg group were compared with the case of administering 3 times a day of 60 mg each (60 mg group) as the control. In both of these patient groups, TOB was administered by intramuscular injection for 10 consecutive days. This study included 85 patients (90 mg group: 43 patients; 60 mg group: 42 patients). The Committee, however, excluded 19 patients consisting of 13 cases of infection other than RTI and 6 cases of out of protocol drug administration. Thus, 66 patients (90 mg group: 32 patients; 60 mg group: 34 patients) were used for the efficacy analysis. All 85 patients were used, however, for the evaluation of the safety of TOB and for the usefulness of TOB as judged by the physicians in charge. A brief summary of the results is presented below. The cases employed by the Committee consisted of 8 and 17 cases in the 90 mg and 60 mg groups, respectively, with bacterial pneumonia and lung abscess, and 24 and 17 cases in the 90 mg and 60 mg groups, respectively, with chronic RTI. There was a tendency for the distribution of disease cases in the 2 drug groups to be significant. Within the chronic RTI disease classification, the number of patients with chronic bronchitis was almost equal in the 2 drug groups; 16 cases in the 90 mg group and 15 cases in the 60 mg group. However, secondary infections were diagnosed in 8 cases in the 90 mg group and 2 cases in the 60 mg group. The clinical efficacy judged for all cases investigated by the Committee showed efficacy ratios of 56.3% for the 90 mg group and 70.6% for the 60 mg group. The difference between the 2 drug groups was not statistically significant. In the treatment of bacterial pneumonia and lung abscess, the efficacy rate in the 90 mg group was 87.5%, while it was 88.2% in the 60 mg group; these high values were practically identical. Against chronic RTI, the efficacy rates were 45.8% in the 90 mg group and 52.9% in the 60 mg group; within that disease classification, the efficacy rates against the chronic bronchitis cases were nearly the same at 43.8% and 46.7%, respectively. These data showed no statistically significant differences between the 2 drug administration groups. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Studies on trace amounts of 137Cs in environmental samples--determination of 137Cs in agricultural and livestock products (author's transl)].

A convenient method for the determination of trace amounts of 137Cs in agricultural and livestock products was studied by use of a low back-ground beta-ray spectrometer. Simplification, rapidification and accuracy in the determination of trace amounts of 137Cs in environmental samples were aimed at and designed. The beta-ray spectra, which were measured by the low back-ground beta-ray spectrometer on the counting sample after chemical separation (AMP-H2PtCl6 method), were analyzed by means of the weighted least squares method using an automatic analyzer, and then radioactivities of 40K, 87Rb and 137Cs were determined. The results obtained by this method were in good agreement with the results obtained by conventional method using a low back-ground GM counter after chemical separation (AMP-Bio-Rex.40-H2PtCl6 method) in the determination of 137Cs, and then applicability for environmental samples was studied. The radioactivity of 137Cs only could be determined by this method without using Bio-Rex.40 cation exchange resin to remove impurities such as 40K and 67Rb.

Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo coordination structural changes of a potent insulin-mimetic agent, bis(picolinato)oxovanadium(IV), studied by electron spin-echo envelope modulation spectroscopy.

Bis(picolinato)oxovanadium(IV) [VO(pic)2] is one of the most potent insulin-mimetic vanadium complexes. To probe coordination structural changes of this complex in vivo and provide insights into the origin of its high potency, an electron spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) study was performed on organs (kidney, liver and bone) of VO(pic)2- and VOSO4-treated rats. Kidney and liver samples from both types of rats exhibited a 14N ESEEM signal that could be attributed to equatorially coordinating amine nitrogen. The relative intensity of the amine signal was larger for the organs of the rat treated with the less potent VOSO4, suggesting that this amine coordination inhibits the insulin-mimetic activity. The spectra of kidney and liver from the VO(pic)2-treated rat contained a weak signal due to the picolinate imine nitrogen. This suggests that some picolinato species (including both the bispicolinato and a partially decomposed monopicolinato species) still exist in the organs as a minor species, where the proportions of the picolinato species to the total amount of the EPR-detectable VIVO species are estimated as 8-16% in the kidney and 12-24% in the liver. The picolinate ligand presumably serves to prevent VO2+ from being converted into the inactive amine-coordinated species. Bone samples from both types of rats exhibited an ESEEM signal due to 31P nuclei. The VO2+ in bone is therefore most likely incorporated into the hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 matrix, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the bone-accumulated VO2+ is gradually released and transported to other organs as is Ca2+. No 14N signals were observed, even in the bone samples of the VO(pic)2-treated rats, indicating that vanadium uptake by bone requires complete decomposition of the complex.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A 3D- and 4D-ESR imaging system for small animals.

A new version of in vivo ESR-CT system composed of custom-made 0.7 GHz ESR spectrometer, air-core magnet with a field-scanning coil, three field-gradient coils, and two computers enables up- and down-field, and rapid magnetic-field scanning linearly controlled by computer. 3D-pictures of distribution of nitroxide radicals injected in brains and livers of rats and mice were obtained in 1.5 min with resolution of 1 mm. We have also succeeded in obtaining spatial-time imagings of the animals.

Animals↗