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Biomedical subjects

H J Klein

Publications and source records attributed to H J Klein.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Arteriovenous malformation of the posterior ethmoidal artery as an unusual cause of amaurosis fugax. The ophthalmic steal syndrome.

We report the case of a patient with arteriovenous malformation fed by a posterior ethmoidal artery. The pre-operative amaurotic attacks on the diseased eye subsided after removal of the malformation. Doppler sonographic examination of the peripheral ophthalmic artery showed an inversion of the blood flow direction postoperatively. We describe a concept of an ophthalmic steal syndrome treated in this patient by removal of an arteriovenous malformation.

Arteries↗
PubMed1988

The use of EEG spectral analysis after thiopental bolus in the prognostic evaluation of comatose patients with brain injuries.

The value of EEG data and evoked potentials (EP), combined with the patient's clinical status, are important parameters used to document decerebration, but their reliability is at its best when the decerebration is nearly complete. Based on spectral analysis of the EEG we compiled criteria for the cerebral function with application of agents known to alter the normal EEG. We found very distinct and different pattern responses in spectral analysis of the EEG after the bolus injection of 100-500 mg Thiopental, correlating well with the patient's prognosis. In a study with 40 patients, those who showed a significant increase of power in all frequencies, especially a short lasting increase in beta (3-7 min) survived in 84%. On the other hand, all the patients who had a decrease of absolute power in all frequency band died, even when brainstem reflexes and various pain reactions were still present. Spectral analysis after Thiopental bolus injection also permits a very immediate assessment of slight improvements or deteriorations in the clinical course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[EEG study after cervical myelography with iopamidol and metrizamide].

In an open investigation on 100 patients, changes in the electroencephalogram following ascending cervical myelography with iopamidol 250 or metrizamide were studied. In the postmyelographic EEG, there were normal findings in 36 patients after iopamidol and 26 after metrizamide. A comparison of the pathological results after iopamidol and metrizamide yielded a relation of 6:2 for mild, 2:5 for moderate, and 0:6 for severe degree of slowing, 4:6 for basal theta wave activation, and 2:5 for increased cerebral excitability. The results were statistically significant on the 5% level according to the chi-square test.

Brain↗
PubMed1988

Hearing loss after microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia.

Of 21 patients examined audiometrically before and after microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve, five (23.8%) had postoperative hearing impairment. A middle ear effusion was found in three (14.3%), probably caused by mastoid cell opening. A retrocochlear lesion in the other patients was caused by transferred pressure on the cochlear nuclei or by traction on the nerve. Vascular perfusion problems were also possible but are difficult to document.

Hearing Loss↗
PubMed1988

Metabolism of naturally occurring [13C]glucose given orally to horses.

In 5 horses, 13CO2/12CO2 ratios in expired air were determined using isotope mass spectroscopy to investigate metabolism of naturally occurring [13C]glucose. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed using maize or beet glucose. Maize has a higher 13C concentration than that of most plants. The 13CO2/12CO2 ratios after OGTT was performed using maize glucose were compared with 13CO2/12CO2 ratios in expired air after OGTT was performed using beet glucose. The ratio also was determined during the period horses were not fed. Using OGTT, all horses were glucose tolerant. The OGTT performed using beet glucose led to minimal changes in 13CO2/12CO2 ratios. The 13CO2/12CO2 ratios decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) when horses were not fed. After oral dosing with maize glucose, 13CO2/12CO2 ratios reached maximal increases 5 hours after dosing and reached baseline values 15 hours after dosing.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Successful infection of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) with human varicella-zoster virus.

The common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus, can be infected with human varicella-zoster virus (VZV), both wild-type strain KMcC and attenuated vaccine strain Oka/Merck. Infection was accomplished with either whole-cell-associated or cell extract VZV by combined oral-nasal-conjunctival application and was characterized by substantial and persistent anti-VZV antibody responses. The infectivity of VZV for marmosets was destroyed by treatment of inocula with heat or UV light. Diluted inocula with as few as 40 PFU/ml were infectious for marmosets. The lungs were demonstrated to be a major site of viral replication; both the presence of viral antigens and signs of pneumonia were demonstrated in lung tissues. Four serial passages of VZV KMcC were carried out in C. jacchus by a process of in vitro isolation and culturing of VZV from infected lung tissue and reapplication of the cultured isolates to fresh animals. The isolated viruses were identified as VZV both serologically and by restriction endonuclease analyses. The C. jacchus infectivity model should prove useful for determining the efficacy of subunit and live recombinant VZV vaccines as well as for the study of zoster.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Adaptation of a fluorescent immunoassay for canine haptoglobin.

The development and adaptation of a fluorescent immunoassay for determining changes in canine haptoglobin levels is described. Levels of canine haptoglobin determined by the fluorescent immunoassay from a group of healthy dog sera (68.0 mg/dl) compared favorably to the haptoglobin levels determined by a spectrophotometric method (74.5 mg/dl). The fluorescent immunoassay offered several advantages over currently used methods for determining levels of canine haptoglobin in serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Histamine inhalation provocation test: method to identify nonspecific airway reactivity in equids.

After inhalation of increased concentrations of histamine solutions, equids had a decrease in dynamic compliance (Cdyn) and an increase in airway resistance, work of breathing, and maximum intrathoracic differences in pressure. Because the change in Cdyn correlated best with the inhaled histamine concentrations, airway reactivity was assessed by the decrease in Cdyn. With the use of linear regression, histamine concentrations were calculated; this resulted in a 35% reduction of Cdyn and these concentrations were defined as 35% provoking concentration Cdyn. The histamine inhalation provocation test was carried out in 40 equids. Nonspecific airway hyperreactivity was not present in equids that did not have clinical signs of respiratory tract disease, but it was present in 25% of the equids with low-grade lung disease and in all equids with severe lung disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Neuroradiologic diagnosis and clinical aspects of giant intracranial aneurysms].

The CT and angiographic findings of 33 patients with intracranial giant aneurysms are reported. In the non-thrombosed giant aneurysms, CT showed a homogeneous, primarily hyperdense space-occupying lesion with strong enhancement. The partially thrombosed giant aneurysms appeared hyperdense with hypodense or isodense portions in the plain CT scan. The completely thrombosed giant aneurysms were isodense to hyperdense. In none of the 33 patients could perifocal edema be proved. A CT diagnosis was possible in every case of partially or non-thrombosed aneurysms. Pre-operative angiography in these cases was necessary only for purposes of vessel topography. Five completely thrombosed giant aneurysms could not be identified in either CT or the angiogram so that the diagnosis was not made until surgery. The clinical findings of these five cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage and 28 patients with signs of intracranial space-occupying lesions were diagnostically misleading, as they suggested an intracranial tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve - a causal therapy of trigeminal neuralgia?].

Preliminary experiences with the microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve within the cerebello-pontine angle ("Jannetta's operation") in ten patients are reported. All nine patients with typical tic douloureux were found to have a cross-compression of the nerve by the superior cerebellar artery. This vessel was separated from the nerve and held in place by a piece of Gelfoam. All nine patients were painfree immediately following surgery. Their sensation within the trigeminal area was unchanged compared to the preoperative state. The remaining patient suffered of atypical facial pain and did not reveal a cross-compression of the trigeminal nerve neither by an artery nor by a vein. Microvascular decompression seems to be a causal therapy in trigeminal neuralgia and is a non-destructive operation. Although our period of postoperative observation is short (up to five months), the results are very promising and correspond to the experiences reported by other authors. Advantages and disadvantages compared to the radiofrequency lesion (electro- and thermocoagulation) of the trigeminal nerve are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Chronic subdural haematomas treated by enlarged burr-hole craniotomy and closed system drainage. Retrospective study of 120 patients.

In a retrospective study 143 chronic subdural haematomas in 120 patients were analysed. 64% of patients were 60 years or older. All haematomas were operated on by slightly enlarged burr-hole craniotomy and closed system drainage for three days postoperatively. A history of trauma was present in 63%. Most frequent symptoms in the older patients were mental changes and impaired consciousness. Postoperative mortality (within one month after surgery) was 4%. After a follow-up period of up to 2.5 years after surgery, 69% were neurologically normal, 20% had only minor complaints or slight deficits. Postoperative CT scans showed a gradual re-expansion of the compressed brain during the 2-3 weeks following haematoma removal.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Hemoglobin A1 in a diabetic with thalassemia minor].

HbA1 levels of 22.6% were found in a 67-year-old woman with type II diabetes mellitus. Haemoglobin electrophoresis and peripheral blood count proved the diagnosis of thalassaemia minor (HbF thalassaemia). The coincidence of diabetes mellitus and increased haemoglobin F is rare (0.01 per 1000 or less) in Central Europe, with the exception of the southern mediterranean countries. In the reported case the levels for HbA1, measured by the colorimetric thiobarbiturate method, and the difference both between HbA2 (micro-column chromatography) as well as HbF values, corresponded to the blood sugar concentrations. These methods are thus suitable in the rough estimation of long-term metabolic control in patients with diabetes mellitus and increased haemoglobin F, such as HbF thalassaemia.

Aged↗