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Biomedical subjects

H J Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to H J Hansen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The influence of human allergic encephalitogenic peptide on cell-mediated cytotoxicity reactions in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis patients and normal control persons were assayed for cell-mediated cytotoxicity against target cells coated with human allergic encephalitogenic peptide. Coating of different types of target cells resulted in increased cytotoxicity, most clearly seen against homologous lymphocytes and virus-infected fibroblasts. Both patients and controls showed reactivity against coated targets. A possible role for this type of reaction in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Doppler examination of the periorbital arteries adds valuable hemodynamic information in carotid artery disease.

The periorbital flow direction and internal carotid artery (ICA) angiogram were compared to the ICA pressure gradient across the stenosis and the distal ICA pressure in 51 patients subjected to carotid endarterectomy. All 17 patients with inverted periorbital flow had stenoses exceeding 50%. The remaining 16 patients with the same degree of stenosis had antegrade flow, which was also observed in all patients with less than 50% stenosis. In 16 of 17 patients with inverted periorbital flow, the mean pressure gradient exceeded 10 mmHg, whereas 33 of 34 patients with antegrade flow had gradients of 12 mmHg or less. For diagnostic purpose, the periorbital Doppler test is inferior to direct Doppler examination or angiography. However, as an adjunct to direct techniques, patients can be classified into 3 groups: Patients with less than 50% stenosis, Patients with 50% stenosis or more and good collaterals and, Patients with 50% stenosis or more and insufficient collaterals.

Arteries↗
PubMed1987

The clinical use of objective quantification of flow disturbance in carotid artery disease: correlation between spectral broadening index and arteriography.

In order to assess the accuracy of objective quantification of carotid flow disturbance, 147 carotid arteries were examined with continuous wave (CW) Doppler technique. The systolic spectral broadening index (SBI), determined as (maximum-mean)/maximum frequency, was calculated from the power spectrum and together with the peak frequency related to the angiographic degree of stenosis. Receiver operating characteristics curves were calculated and the SBI predicted disease with a specificity of 94%. On the other hand, the ability of the SBI to discriminate minor disease was not satisfactory. Both the SBI and the peak frequency were accurate in discriminating between greater or less than 50% stenosis. The study concludes that using CW Doppler the SBI can reliably predict carotid artery stenoses. For exclusion of minor lesions an additional test should be performed, e.g., pulsed Doppler spectral analysis.

Angiography↗
PubMed1987

Comparative studies on lipid metabolism in various salt transporting organs of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Mono-unsaturated phosphatidylethanolamine as a key substance.

1. Incorporation in vivo into tissue lipids of (1-14C)acetate added to the water in the incubation tank showed the same relative distribution pattern of 14C-activity among various phospholipids in the gills, the esophagus and the intestine, when the eel was incubated in sea-water; in fresh water this pattern was found only in the intestine, while both the gills and the esophagus showed a relative excess of 14C-label in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). 2. Similar studies with (32P)phosphate also showed a relative excess of (32P)PE in both the gills and esophagus in fresh water compared to sea-water, and no such difference in the intestine. 3. As long as the labelled precursors were added to the water in the incubation tank both (14C)PE and (32P)PE were not identical to unlabelled PE on thin-layer chromatograms, and the 14C-labelled lipids contained predominantly C16:1 and C18:1 fatty acids. 4. However, when the two precursors were injected directly into the eel there was no longer any marked difference between the distribution patterns of radioactivity among gill phospholipids in fresh water and sea-water; there was no longer any difference between labelled and unlabelled PE on thin-layer chromatograms, and the 14C-labelled gill lipids contained predominantly C16:0 and C18:0 fatty acids. 5. The corresponding liver lipids were affected neither by a change in environmental salinity nor in precursor application.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1987

Internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint in 211 patients: symptoms and treatment.

This report is a retrospective evaluation of 211 patients (75% women, 25% men) treated for TMJ clicking and/or TMJ incoordination at the University Hospital, Copenhagen, in 1971-77. In both sexes, the age group 20-30 yr dominated and the main part of the population belonged to the social middle class. The reasons for seeking treatment were mainly TMJ sounds, pain and impaired mandibular mobility. Neither subjective complaints nor objective signs of dysfunction were associated with dental/occlusal status or with the presence of malocclusions. The patients had been treated with reversible modalities (65%), occlusal adjustment (8%) and counseling alone (27%). Of the actively treated patients, 43% had experienced relief within 1 month and at the end of treatment 72% had reduced or no symptoms. It was not possible to demonstrate any association between the duration of symptoms before treatment and the duration of treatment/number of consultations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Long-term evaluation of 211 patients with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint.

This report is a long-term evaluation of 211 patients (158 women, 53 men) with TMJ clicking and/or TMJ incoordination, treated at the University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark, in the years 1971-77. Information on present symptoms and the effect of the initial treatment was obtained from questionnaires. Standard treatment procedures had been used in 153 patients while 58 patients had had counseling only. In the actively treated group, 59% were still doing well, 30% had unchanged symptoms and 5% experienced aggravated symptoms. In the counseled group, 40% were free of symptoms, 50% had unchanged symptoms and 7% aggravated symptoms. A highly significant association was found between the absence or presence of symptoms at the end of treatment according to patient records and the evaluation of the initial effect of treatment 8-15 yr later, which indicates that reliable results can be expected from a long-term evaluation of TMJ dysfunction patients. In the sample as a whole, the frequency of TMJ sounds was unchanged compared to the time of treatment (64% vs 66%). A significantly higher frequency was, however, found in the untreated group, indicating that treatment might have a positive effect on TMJ sounds. The frequency of recurrent headache had increased considerably over the years (6% vs 34%), 32% still experienced pain/tenderness on mandibular movement, 24% suffered from impaired mandibular mobility and 82% were aware of bruxism/clenching of teeth. Furthermore, we found a significant association between headache before treatment and headache, awareness of bruxism and clenching of teeth at the time of evaluation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Discomfort or disability in patients with chronic pain syndrome.

In the present study of 253 patients with chronic pain syndrome we have made a multidimensional approach. All patients have been included in the study independent of coexisting states of anxiety or depression. We included criteria for diagnosis, duration, generability and intensity of pain, anxiety and depression, psychosocial stressors and social functioning. Using this system we have evaluated the antipain effectiveness of clomipramine and mianserin in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. By use of the Melancholia Scale 16 patients (6%) had a major depression, and by use of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, 72 patients (28%) had a generalized anxiety disorder. The results showed no statistically significant difference between the three treatments, when using a visual analogue scale (VAS 10 cm with cut-off score 2 cm) for severity of pains as outcome criteria or the results of VAS and Global Clinical Impression Scale using the criteria of reduction of 50% or more between the pretreatment and posttreatment scores. By use of all the assessments it is possible to make an improvement curve for each patient expressed by the area under the curve, and not even there we found a difference between the three treatments. Clomipramine and mianserin were significantly superior to placebo in the topographical pain subgroup with headache using area under the improvement curves as criteria (p less than 0.05). When the 60-item General Health Questionnaire was used to identify minor psychiatric morbidity 44% was found. We can use this as a measure of quality of life. Our results have indicated that placebo-controlled studies are still needed in this field of research.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1986

Capture and detection of carcinoembryonic antigen on antibody coated beads used in enzyme immunoassay.

We have evaluated antibody coated beads for capture and detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Assay parameters of time, temperature, buffer molarity, specificity of antibody on the bead and reagent addition sequence have been studied. Optimal assay kinetics occurred at a temperature of 45 degrees C and a buffer molarity of 0.1M or above. The type and quantity of antibody on the bead surface were also critical to optimal CEA detection. Beads coated with baboon or goat anti-CEA antibody were able to capture a higher percentage of CEA than monoclonal mouse anti-CEA antibody or guinea pig anti-CEA antibody. The sequence of addition of CEA, anti-CEA antibody coated bead, and anti-CEA-horse radish peroxidase conjugate was important for optimal CEA detection. Formation of an immune complex of CEA with the anti-CEA horse radish peroxidase conjugate prior to capture of the CEA on an antibody bead resulted in the optimal detection of CEA.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Crisis in drug testing. Results of CDC blind study.

In response to questions about the reliability of the results of screening urine for drugs, we evaluated the performance of 13 laboratories, which serve a total of 262 methadone treatment facilities, by submitting prereferenced samples through the treatment facilities as patient samples (blind testing). Error rates for the 13 laboratories on samples containing barbiturates, amphetamines, methadone, cocaine, codeine, and morphine ranged from 11% to 94%, 19% to 100%, 0% to 33%, 0% to 100%, 0% to 100%, and 5% to 100%, respectively. Similarly, error rates on samples not containing these drugs (false-positives) ranged from 0% to 6%, 0% to 37%, 0% to 66%, 0% to 6%, 0% to 7%, and 0% to 10%, respectively. These blind tests indicate that greater care is taken with known evaluation samples than with routine samples, laboratories are often unable to detect drugs at concentrations called for by their contracts, and the observed underreporting of drugs may threaten the treatment process. Drug treatment facilities should monitor the performance of their contract laboratories with quality-control samples, preferably through blind testing.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1985

Graft-enteric fistulas and erosions.

From 1971 to 1983, we treated eight patients with graft-enteric fistulas and one patient with graft-enteric erosion after implantation of Dacron vascular prostheses. The lesions became symptomatic from two weeks to 58 months after implantation. A graft-duodenal fistula was seen in six of the patients, one fistula occurred between the graft and jejunum and one was present between the graft and sigmoid colon. The erosion occurred between the graft and duodenum. In seven patients, infection was present. Eight patients are presently alive. A graft-enteric fistula should be suspected in all patients with grafts in the aortoiliac segment and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract or signs of infection of unclear origin. Laparotomy should be offered at wide indications since failure to recognize the situation leads to the death of the patient.

Aged↗