[An inhibitory cytokine "IL-10" and autoimmune disease].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Ishida
Publications and source records attributed to H Ishida.
[Usefulness of Dornier MPL9000 lithotriptor with new optional fluoroscopic guiding system (electrode X 155: depth 15.5cm) in treatment of urinary tract stone].
The Dornier MPL9000 lithotriptor was originally equipped with an ultrasound guiding system. Recently an optional fluoroscopic guiding system was developed to overcome the known disadvantages of the ultrasound system and to exploit the merits of both systems by using them in combination. Herein, we examined the effectiveness and safety of this new optional system. From December 1990 to February 1991, we treated 41 patients with upper urinary tract stones with MPL9000 using the optional fluoroscopic system. Treatments were judged as effective if the patients were stone-free or the residual fragments were smaller than 4mm in diameter. The overall effectiveness rates at one month after the treatment were 54.5% for renal stones and 76.9% for ureter stones respectively. At three months after the treatment the effectiveness rate for renal stones was 83.3%, and that for ureter stones 95.5%. The changes in the laboratory data after the treatment were alight and caused no clinical problems. Complications during and after the treatment were also minor and tolerable. MPL9000 was sufficiently effective and safe in the treatment of upper urinary tract stones when it was used the new optional fluoroscopic system instead of the original ultrasonic guiding system.
Adult↗
Preoperative mediastinoscopic assessment of N factors and the need for mediastinal lymph node dissection in T1 lung cancer.
The significance of preoperative N factor assessment in T1 lung cancer and the need for mediastinal node dissection in T1 N0 M0 cases were investigated. The results of mediastinoscopy were evaluated in patients with T1 adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma who underwent preoperative mediastinoscopy and thoracotomy from 1971 to 1991 (n = 164). Mediastinoscopy gave true negative results in 90% of patients, false negative in 1%, and true positive in 9%. The 5-year survival was 90% for patients with T1 N0 M0 disease who underwent nonradical dissection (n = 64) and 70% for those who underwent radical dissection (n = 61), indicating that the prognosis was significantly better (p < 0.05) with nonradical dissection. Distant metastasis was a common cause of death, and no death was related to local recurrence, whether nonradical or radical dissection had been performed. The results strongly suggest that preoperative mediastinoscopy and intraoperative node sampling are sufficient for assessment of N factors in T1 lung cancer. The possible relation between immunologic functional changes associated with mediastinal lymph node dissection and the prognosis in patients without evidence of positive lymph nodes should be clarified by a prospective randomized study.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Altered levels of erythrocyte calcium-binding proteins in essential hypertensives with genetic predisposition: correlation with ambulatory blood pressure.
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether changes in calcium-binding proteins, one of the components of the calcium ion handling mechanism, occur in humans with essential hypertension. DESIGN: We measured the levels of cytosolic calcium-binding proteins purified from human erythrocytes using a felodipine fluorescence assay, and examined the correlation between this parameter and the ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). We divided 127 subjects into four age-matched groups according to their mean ABP levels and whether they had a family history of both hypertension and stroke [group A hypertensives with a positive family history (n = 30), group B hypertensives with no family history (n = 31), group C normotensives with a family history (n = 31) and group D normotensives with no family history (n = 35) of hypertension and stroke]. RESULTS: The erythrocyte cytosolic level of calcium-binding proteins in group A was significantly lower than that in group B, as was that in group C compared with group D. There was no significant correlation between the erythrocyte level of calcium-binding proteins and casual blood pressure values in any group. However, in group A significant negative correlations between the erythrocyte level of calcium-binding proteins and systolic and mean ABP were observed (r = -0.34, P < 0.05 and r = -0.39, P < 0.05, respectively). No significant correlations between the ABP and erythrocyte levels of calcium-binding proteins were observed in the other groups. When each group was subdivided according to sex, there were significant negative correlations between the erythrocyte level of calcium-binding proteins and the systolic and mean ABP in the males of groups A and C, but no correlations were found in any of the female subgroups or the males of groups B and D. Reducing the blood pressure by antihypertensive drug therapy did not affect the erythrocyte calcium-binding proteins level in 13 patients from groups A and B. Analysis using anion-exchange fast-performance liquid chromatography on a Mono-Q column and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the calcium-binding proteins in human erythrocytes, the levels of which were low in group A, formed a single protein band with a molecular weight of 17,000, which was assumed to be a calmodulin. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there are subgroups of hypertensive patients with low erythrocyte cytosolic levels of calcium-binding proteins, which are genetically determined. Furthermore, our data suggest that the erythrocyte level of calcium-binding proteins and ABP in male subjects with hypertension and normotensives with a genetic predisposition are correlated strongly, whereas no such correlation was observed in any female subgroup. This indicates that the regulatory mechanism or mechanisms involved in the control of blood pressure in men and women may be different.
Aging↗
[Efficacy of combination therapy against MRSA in Ibaraki Prefecture].
Clinical efficacies of fosfomycin (FOM) or arbekacin (ABK) plus beta-lactam combination therapies against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections were examined in 15 major hospitals in Ibaraki Prefecture. The subjects were 54 inpatients from January 1991 to April 1993, and most of them showed moderate to severe infections with underlying diseases. MRSA alone was isolated from 23 patients and the other 31 patients had polymicobes including MRSA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent among the co-isolated strains. The number of patients treated with FOM and cefmetazole (CMZ) was 22 (Group C) and that with FOM and flomoxef (FMOX) was 25 (Group F). CMZ or FMOX was administrated 60 minutes after FOM administration. To 8 nonresponding patients in Groups C and F and 7 nonresponders to the other therapies, ABK and ceftazidime (CAZ) or ABK and piperacillin (PIPC) were treated simultaneously (Group A). The clinical efficacies of Groups C and F were 63.6% and 64%, respectively. The bacteriological efficacies (eradication rates) of both groups including microbial substitutions were 42.9% in the former and 56.5% in the latter. No statistical differences were observed in the clinical and the bacteriological efficacies between Groups C and F. The clinical and bacteriological efficacies in Group A were 66.7% and 46.2%, respectively. No side effects were observed in any cases. Mild disturbances of hepatic functions were observed in 2 cases of Groups C and F, and there were no abnormal laboratory test results in Group A.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
[A case of renal oncocytoma].
A case of renal oncocytoma found incidentally by routine medical checkups is reported. An asymptomatic 70-year-old male was found to have a right renal mass by abdominal ultrasonography. Selective renal arteriography supported the diagnosis of renal oncocytoma with a typical appearance of "spoke-wheel" pattern. Right radical nephrectomy was performed. However, in consideration of the possibility of renal cell carcinoma. The diagnosis of renal oncocytoma was finally confirmed pathologically. The present case represents the 58th renal oncocytomas reported in Japan as of December 1992.
Adenoma, Oxyphilic↗
Influence of plasma composition on erythrocyte filtrability in alcoholic liver disease.
The influence of plasma components (albumin, fibrinogen, total cholesterol, and triglyceride) on erythrocyte deformability (filtrability) was evaluated by the filtration method. The examinations were carried out using erythrocyte suspensions in HEPES buffer and patient's own plasma, and the respective values were compared in each case. Erythrocyte filtrability in the buffer and in patient's plasma was found to be decreased significantly in alcoholic liver disease. The change in rate of erythrocyte filtrability in own plasma was found to be increased. The concentrations of triglyceride (r = 0.52, P < 0.01) and fibrinogen (r = 0.56, P < 0.01) in plasma of alcoholic liver disease correlated significantly with the change in rate of erythrocyte filtrability. Blood viscosity of patients with alcoholic liver disease was impaired by both the decreased deformability of erythrocytes and the changes in plasma composition (triglyceride and fibrinogen). It was suggested that the change in blood viscosity may disturb sinusoidal blood-flow, resulting in perturbation of the metabolic functions of the liver.
Blood Viscosity↗
A synthetic approach to polysialogangliosides containing alpha-sialyl-(2-->8)-sialic acid: total synthesis of ganglioside GD3.
A stereocontrolled, facile total synthesis of ganglioside GD3 is described as an example of a proposed systematic approach to the preparation of gangliosides containing an alpha-sialyl-(2-->8)-sialic acid unit alpha-glycosidically linked to O-3 of a D-galactose residue in their oligosaccharide chains. Glycosylation of 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl 6-O-benzoyl-, 3-O-benzoyl-, or 3-O-benzyl-beta-D-galactopyrano-sides, or 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl 2,3,6,2',6'-penta-O-benzyl-beta-lactoside (7), with methyl [phenyl 5- acetamido-8-O-(5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D- glycero-alpha-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosylono-1',9 lactone)- 4,7-di-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-2-thio-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyrano sid] onate (3), using N-iodosuccinimide-trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as a promoter, gave the corresponding alpha glycosides 8 (32%), 13 (33%), 14 (48%), and 17 (31%), respectively. The glycosyl donor 3 was prepared from O-(5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-alpha-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosy lonic acid)-(2-->8)-5-acetamido-3,5- dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosonic acid by treatment with Amberlite IR-120 (H+) in methanol, O-acetylation, and subsequent replacement of the anomeric acetoxy group with phenylthio. Compound 8 was converted into the methyl beta-thioglycoside via O-benzoylation, replacement of the 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl group by acetyl, and introduction of the methylthio group by reaction with methylthiotrimethylsilane. Compound 17 was converted, via O-acetylation, selective removal of the 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl group, and reaction with trichloroacetonitrile, into the alpha-trichloroacetimidate, which was coupled with (2S,3R,4E)-2-azido-3-O-benzoyl-4-octadecene-1,3-diol to give the beta-glycoside. This glycoside was easily transformed, via selective reduction of the azido group, condensation with octadecanoic acid, O-deacylation, and hydrolysis of the methyl ester and lactone functions, into ganglioside GD3.
Carbohydrate Sequence↗
Age-dependent changes in the phosphorylation of nuclear proteins of submandibular glands in isoproterenol-treated rats.
Age-dependent changes in the regulation of the phosphorylation of nuclear proteins were investigated in relation to DNA synthesis in rat submandibular glands after injection of isoproterenol (IPR). The level of phosphorylation of nuclear proteins in the tissue increased rapidly after birth, reaching a maximum at 4 weeks, and then decreased to the level of 52-week-old rats. The level of protein kinase activity in nuclei varied in parallel with that of phosphorylation of nuclear non-histone proteins after birth. The time after the injection of IPR required to initiate the phosphorylation of nuclear non-histone proteins of rat submandibular glands, which occurs prior to the onset of RNA synthesis that precedes the replication of DNA, increased with age. These results suggest that this delayed onset of phosphorylation plays a regulatory role in cell proliferation and cell function during aging.
Aging↗
Competing routes for charge transfer in co-adsorption of K and O2 on graphite.
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Journal Article↗
Coverage-dependent core-level binding-energy shifts of alkali-metal atoms on metal surfaces.
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Journal Article↗
Purification of a fibroblast-inhibitory factor from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4.
A factor showing inhibitory activity against human gingival fibroblasts was extracted from the cytosol fraction of Actinobacillus actinomycetemocimitans Y4. The activity markedly inhibited the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts, but had no effect on cell viability or gross morphology. No such activity was found in cytosol fractions from either Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 or Escherichia coli HB101. The extract from A. actinomycetemocomitans Y4 was then purified by anion-exchange chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatography and gel-filtration chromatography to give a single band on SDS-PAGE with an apparent molecular mass of 65 kDa. The purification ratio was 183-fold with a recovery rate of 5% compared with the crude extract (starting material) when the activity was assessed by direct cell counts.
Actinobacillus↗
Effect of sub-skinning concentrations of saponin on intracellular Ca2+ and plasma membrane fluidity in cultured cardiac cells.
To determine the underlying mechanisms of the positive inotropic effect of sub-skinning concentrations of saponin, we studied changes in the intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and plasma membrane fluidity after exposure to digitonin (a representative saponin) in cultured cardiac cells. [Ca2+]i was measured by use of the fluorescent calcium indicator Calcium Green-1. The membrane fluidity was evaluated by measuring the diffusion coefficient using the method of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. 1,1'-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine perchlorate was used as the fluorescent probe. Digitonin at a sub-skinning concentration (0.1 to 1 microM) produced an increase in cell motion and an augmentation of [Ca2+]i. Membrane fluidity which is evaluated by the diffusion coefficient (from 0.34.10(-8) to 0.28.10(-8) cm2/s; P < 0.05), decreased in the presence of 0.2 microM digitonin while the cell maintained an augmented motion and an increased [Ca2+]i. The skinning concentration of digitonin (5 microM) produced a rapid contracture with a marked increase in [Ca2+]i. The membrane fluidity was further reduced (diffusion coefficient: 0.24.10(-8) cm2/s; P < 0.001). These results suggest that saponin at the sub-skinning concentration also causes holes in the plasma membrane by interaction with cholesterol, as was shown with the skinning concentration, and it increases [Ca2+]i, which thereby induces a positive inotropic effect.
Animals↗
Nonmetric cranial variation and the populational affinities of the Pacific peoples.
Nonmetric traits of Hawaiian and Chamorro skulls were examined for evidence bearing on their populational affinities. Distance analyses reveal that the Hawaiian and Chamorro people, although not very near each other, are both closer to the East Asian than to the Jomon-Ainu or to the Arctic peoples. Our study of nonmetric cranial variation does not suggest an affinity between the Jomon and Pacific peoples.
Asia↗
Intrathoracic accessory lobe of the liver.
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Child↗
Modified immunological status of anti-IL-10 treated mice.
We have shown that continuous treatment of mice from birth to adulthood with neutralizing anti-IL-10 antibodies leads to specific depletion of Ly1 B cells, while conventional B cells remain normal in terms of number, phenotype, and function. Extending our characterization of these animals, we show here that anti-IL-10 treated mice can be distinguished from untreated or isotype control treated mice by several other criteria. Anti-IL-10 treated mice contained substantially elevated levels of circulating TNF-alpha, and in many cases circulating IL-6, and were profoundly susceptible to death by LPS-induced shock, a monokine mediated inflammatory reaction. Analysis of serum immunoglobulin levels in anti-IL-10 treated mice revealed a decrease in serum IgA levels to accompany the previously reported reduction in serum IgM, plus a striking increase in IgG2a and IgG2b levels. Further investigation of the Ly1 B cell depletion of anti-IL-10 treated mice revealed that this effect was transient as evidenced by the return of Ly1 B cells in normal numbers 8 weeks after anti-IL-10 treatment was discontinued. The Ly1 B cell depletion that occurred during anti-IL-10 treatment was found to be compensated by an increase in peritoneal T cells and granulocytes. Finally, while anti-IL-10 treated mice were unable to produce antibodies to phosphorylcholine and alpha 1,3-dextran, they developed normal antibody responses following intraperitoneal injections of TNP-Ficoll, suggesting the existence of subcategories within the family of thymus independent type II polysaccharide antigens. These data are discussed within the context of their implications for the roles of IL-10 and Ly1 B cells in the immune system.
Animals↗
Heterotopic pancreas as a rare cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the newborn: report of a case.
We report herein a female infant in whom a heterotopic pancreas in the stomach caused gastrointestinal hemorrhage during the newborn period. Endoscopy was essential for ruling out other causes of hemorrhage and to follow the patient until the time of elective surgery at 6 months of age. Heterotopic pancreas should be borne in mind as a rare cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the newborn when an unexplained gastrointestinal hemorrhage continues, and the lesion was discussed in relation to our experience of upper gastrointestinal endoscopies and a review of the literature.
Choristoma↗
Effect of indomethacin on postoperative protein metabolism after gastrectomy under total parenteral nutrition.
A randomized trial was undertaken to evaluate the effects of postoperative indomethacin (IDM) administration on protein metabolism in 20 patients who underwent an uncomplicated distal gastrectomy and were placed on post-operative total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Ten patients (the IDM group) received 50 mg of IDM every 8 h after operation up to postoperative day (POD) 4 while the other ten patients (the control group) received neither IDM nor any other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, postoperatively. Though the requirement for postoperative plasma transfusion was significantly greater in the IDM group, the albumin level on POD 1 was significantly lower in this group than in the control group. The postoperative changes of C-reactive protein, retinol binding protein, and pre-albumin between the two groups showed no difference. Moreover, the urinary 3-methylhistidine excretion, N-balance, and plasma aminogram on POD 4 also demonstrated no difference. We thus concluded that post-operative IDM administration after elective surgery has no additional anti-catabolic effect on the presence of TPN.
Blood Proteins↗