Biomedical subjects

H Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to H Ishida.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Grafting of autologous-cultured epithelium after excision of tattoos.

Nine patients with tattoos were treated with cultured epidermal autografts. The tattoos were excised down to the deep dermal layer, and the wounds were covered with cultured epidermal autografts. The areas grafted with cultured epidermal autografts were an average of 907 cm2 in size. The average percentage "take" of the cultured epidermal autografts was 86%. The average time for complete wound epithelialization was 20 days. The pain at the grafted sites was minimal. There was minimal scarring and no tendency for scar contracture. The appearance and elasticity of the grafted sites resembled those of adjacent normal skin 2 1/2 years after grafting. These findings demonstrate that cultured epithelium autografting is a suitable method for coverage of the tangentially excised tattoo wound.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Proximal lateral leg flap transfer utilizing major nutrient vessels to the soleus muscle.

A new skin flap based on the cutaneous branches of the major nutrient vessel to the soleus muscle was designed and executed. An anatomic study of the major nutrient artery to the lateral half of the soleus muscle was performed on 26 legs. An angiographic study was performed on 27 legs. The major nutrient artery to the lateral half of the soleus muscle was classified according to its origin: the tibioperoneal trunk (type 1), the bifurcation of the posterior tibial and peroneal arteries (type 2), the posterior tibial artery (type 3), and the peroneal artery (type 4). The outer diameter of the major nutrient artery to the lateral half of the soleus muscle, by direct measurement, was 1.87 mm (range 1.1 to 2.5 mm). This new flap was applied in nine patients. The recipient sites were the great toe, the hand, the jaw, the anterior leg, the popliteal fossa, and the thigh. The vascular pedicle ranged from 6.5 to 9.5 cm in length. Tissue was transferred as a free flap in eight patients and as an island flap in one patient. All the flaps survived completely.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Modulation of adriamycin resistance in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo by medroxyprogesterone acetate.

The combination effect of adriamycin (ADM) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was examined in vitro against human breast carcinoma MCF-7 and its ADM-resistant line (MCF-7/ADM). MCF-7 cells, which are positive for estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and high-affinity MPA-binding activity, were more susceptible to the growth-inhibitory activity of ADM or MPA than MCF-7/ADM cells. A combination effect of ADM and MPA was observed against MCF-7/ADM cells, which are negative for steroid receptors, and furthermore against human nasopharynx carcinoma KB and its ADM-resistant line KB-A1. This combination effect of ADM and MPA against MCF-7/ADM cells was demonstrated to be synergistic by using the median effect plot method. The activity of MPA was almost equivalent to that of chlormadinone acetate or tamoxifen, greater than that of progesterone, and less than that of verapamil. The accumulation of ADM in MCF-7/ADM cells was enhanced by treatment with 10 microM MPA as well as 10 microM verapamil. The efflux of accumulated ADM from MCF-7/ADM cells was also partially inhibited by treatment with MPA or verapamil. MPA augmented the growth-inhibitory activity of ADM against MCF-7/ADM tumors inoculated into nude mice, although statistical significance was not observed. It is suggested that the clinical advantage of the combination of MPA with ADM against advanced breast cancers may be partly explained by the modulation of ADM resistance by MPA.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Clinical experience of lower urinary tract reconstruction using a urethral Kock pouch.

The operative procedure used in the present series involved a nerve-sparing radical cystectomy, with anastomosis of the urethra using a pouch made of detubularized ileum. The 36 patients who underwent this operation were all male with an average age of 58. No deaths resulted from the operation. As far as late complications were concerned, malfunction of the antireflux nipple valve was noted in 1 patient and stenosis occurred between the urethra and pouch in 2. One patient was found to have multiple stones in the pouch and reservoir decompensation was recognized in 2. Thus, the late complication rate was 17%. There were no cases of total incontinence, but nocturnal incontinence appeared in 11 out of 31 (35%). A total of 20 out of 25 patients (80%) recovered their erectile function during the postoperative follow-up period and the disease-free survival rate at 5 years was 78%. Therefore, the urethral Kock pouch combined with nerve-sparing cystectomy has proved to be a useful procedure as far as the quality of life is concerned.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Clinical evaluation of a potassium nitrate dentifrice for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity.

The effectiveness of a 5% potassium nitrate dentifrice as a daily home treatment for dentinal hypersensitivity was evaluated in a double-blind study in 36 Japanese subjects who complained of cold and/or tactile hypersensitivity. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, with 18 being given a 5% potassium nitrate dentifrice (treated group) and the other 18 a vehicle paste (control group). Both groups were instructed to brush their teeth 2 x a day. The hypersensitivity levels of the affected teeth were assessed by 2 stimuli, one tactile and the other cold air, and by the perception of pain. The results of all 3 assessment methods indicated that the potassium nitrate dentifrice significantly decreased the level of hypersensitivity at weeks 4, 8, and 12. In the treated group, a rapid decrease of positive scores for both the cold air stimulus and the subjective symptoms appeared from week 2. Although a significant decrease of the assessment score was also observed in the control group, the reduction rate of the score was much greater in the treated group by all 3 assessment methods at weeks 4, 8, and 12. Complete relief of subjective symptoms throughout the 12 weeks' examination was noted in 67% of the subjects in the treated group, but in only 6% in the control group. These results suggest the usefulness of a 5% potassium nitrate dentifrice in Japanese patients with dentinal hypersensitivity.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Study on the bile salt, sodium scymnol sulfate, from Rhizoprionodon acutus. IV. Structures of chimaerol and sodium chimaerol sulfate in the bile of Lamna ditropis and Rhizoprionodon acutus.

Sodium chimaerol sulfate (1) was isolated from the bile of Lamna ditropis and Rhizoprionodon acutus by chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, together with sodium scymnol sulfates, (24R,25S)- and (24R,25R)-(+)-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,26-pentahydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-27-yl sodium sulfates (3 and 4) and 3, respectively. On acid hydrolysis, compound 1 afforded chimaerol (2), which was identified as (24R,25R)-(+)-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24,26-pentol by direct comparison with an authentic sample, prepared by reduction of (24R,25S)-(+)-24,26-epoxy-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,27-tetrol (5) with LiAlH4. The structure of 1 was concluded to be (24R,25R)-(+)-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-yl sodium sulfate, based on the chemical transformation and spectral data.

Aluminum Compounds↗

PubMed1994

Study on pharmacological effect of bile salts, sodium scymnol sulfate, from Rhizoprionodon acutus. I. Effect of scymnol, chimaerol and sodium scymnol sulfate on cerebral anoxia.

The effects of scymnol, chimaerol and sodium scymnol sulfate, prepared from the bile of Rhizoprionodon acutus, on cerebral anoxia were investigated in experimental models of hypoxia, ischemia and histotoxic anoxia in mice. Scymnol, at a dose of 100 mg/kg, showed a significant protective action against cerebral anoxia in all of the models studied and significantly increased the partial oxygen pressure of the arterial blood. The anti-anoxic activity of scymnol was found to be slightly greater than that of idevenone. A similar protective effect of sodium scymnol sulfate was seen at doses higher than 100 mg/kg. The survival time on hypoxia was significantly prolonged in the animals pretreated with chimaerol.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Studies on active substances in herbs used for hair treatment. I. Effects of herb extracts on hair growth and isolation of an active substance from Polyporus umbellatus F.

The effects of methanol extracts of 80 herbs on hair growth were investigated, using normal C3H/He mice from which telogen hair on the back had been removed. Eighteen of the extracts apparently promoted hair regrowth on the mice. As one of active principles in Polyporus umbellatus F., 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde was isolated by column chromatography on Amberlite XAD-2, Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Suppressive effects of polygonati rhizoma on hepatic glucose output, GLUT2 mRNA expression and its protein content in rat liver.

The intraperitoneal administration of the methanol extract of Polygonati Rhizoma (OM) into normal rats caused a significant decrease in the blood glucose level at 4 h after its administration of 800 mg/kg (P < 0.01), but not the serum insulin level. Using the perfused rat liver in vitro, a significant decrease of the hepatic glucose output was observed by the infusion of OM (P < 0.05 at 250 micrograms/ml OM). In addition, the hepatic content of facilitative glucose transporter isoform 2 (GLUT2) mRNA and its protein content in the total membrane fraction from rat liver significantly decreased in the intraperitoneally OM-treated rats when compared to that in the controls (mRNA P < 0.01, protein P < 0.001). On the other hand, OM (500 micrograms/ml) exhibited no apparent stimulatory effect on the insulin secretion from the isolated rat pancreatic islets. These results suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of OM is derived, at least in part, from the decrease in hepatic glucose output, due presumably to the reduction of GLUT2 mRNA expression and its protein content in total membrane of the liver, and that because of its unique therapeutic mechanism, OM could be a new category of therapeutic agent for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Tacrolimus (FK506)-induced nephrotoxicity in spontaneous hypertensive rats.

To clarify the profile of the tacrolimus (FK506)-induced nephrotoxicity and its mechanism, 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg/day of tacrolimus was administered intramuscularly (i.m.) to spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) for 2 weeks, and biochemical and pathological parameters were studied in the animals. The acute nephrotoxicity of tacrolimus was characterized as increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and plasma creatinine (P-Cr) levels in the groups of 1 mg/kg/day and more, decrease of creatinine clearance (CCr) value in the groups of 2 mg/kg/day and more, and histopathologically luminal narrowing of the arteriole adjacent the glomerulus in the groups of 1 mg/kg/day and more. These changes were associated with an increase of plasma renin activity (PRA) and urinary thromboxane B2 content and decrease of 6-keto-prostagrandinF1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) content. Nilvadipine, which is one of the Ca2+ antagonist and is known to have renal vasodilating activity, prevented both biochemical and histopathological changes due to tacrolimus. The results indicated that the acute nephrotoxicity of tacrolimus was derived from impairment of glomerular function associated with the constriction of the renal arteriole brought about by the drug. All of these renal disorders induced by tacrolimus recovered completely or partially when the drug was withdrawn for 2 or 4 weeks. Consequently, the acute nephrotoxicity of tacrolimus in SHR was considered to be reversible.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗

PubMed1994

Nitric oxide reversibly suppresses xanthine oxidase activity.

The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity and the site(s) of the redox center(s) affected were investigated. XOD activity was determined by superoxide (O2-) generation and uric acid formation. NO reversibly and dose-dependently suppressed XOD activity in both determination methods. The suppression interval also disclosed a dose-dependent prolongation. The suppression occurred irrespective of the presence or absence of xanthine; indicating that the reaction product of NO and O2-, peroxynitrite, is not responsible for the suppression. Application of synthesized peroxynitrite did not affect XOD activity up to 2 microM. Methylene blue, which is an electron acceptor from Fe/S center, prevented the NO-induced inactivation. The results indicate that NO suppresses XOD activity through reversible alteration of the flavin prosthetic site.

Enzyme Activation↗

PubMed1994

[Direct mail investigation of the social and physical background of centenarians in Tokyo metropolitan area].

This study was designed for the purpose of investigating the factors for longevity in the Tokyo metropolitan area. At first, we examined the social and physical background of centenarians by direct mail in 1992. A total of 398 questionnaires (from 81 males and 308 females) were returned. There was a significant gender difference in mobility, with 38% of males and 10% of females being able to take a walk. However 19% of male centenarians and 28% of female ones were bedridden. Hypertension, respiratory disease and heart disease were found in 22%, 16%, 16%, without any significant gender differences. On the contrary, there were more female centenarians with past histories of bone fracture (34%) than male (10%). This discrepancy suggest that bone fracture may be one of the factors causing the gender differences in mobility. Those who had a high level of education were more frequent in centenarians (27% of males and 8% of females) than in the general population of their contemporaries in Japan (less than 2%). The average age at death of the centenarians' parents was 69.6 +/- 15.7 y/o for their father and 71.2 +/- 17.2 y/o for their mother. These ages were significantly higher than the average life-span in the last decade of the 19th century, according to the First Life Tables in Japan. The possibility is suggested that longevity was inherited in these centenarians' families.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[A case of AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) producing gastric cancer successfully treated with EAP (etoposide, adriamycin, cisplatin) therapy].

A case of AFP producing gastric cancer successfully treated with EAP therapy is reported with a review of the literature. A 56-year-old male was admitted complaining of epigastralgia and back pain. He was diagnosed as having a gastric cancer with multiple liver metastases by endoscopy and computed tomography. Serum AFP level was 2,791,000 ng/ml and biopsy specimen showed AFP-positive tumor cells by PAP (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) method in hepatoid structure. Preoperative combination chemotherapy with etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin resulted in a remarkable decrease in serum AFP level. Subtotal gastrectomy (R3) with hepatic artery cannulation was performed. The therapeutic effect by histological examination showed Grade 3 in the primary site and Grade 2 in both resional lymph nodes and liver metastasis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1994

[Clinical evaluation of patients with right ventricular infarction detected by dual SPECT imaging of thallium-201 and technetium-99m pyrophosphate].

We evaluated clinical significance of dual-nuclide SPECT imaging (D-SPECT) of thallium-201 and technetium-99m pyrophosphate (PYP) in patients of acute inferior left ventricular infarction with PYP uptake in the right ventricle (PYP (+) group) in comparison with those without PYP uptake (PYP (-) group). There was no difference in coronary risk factors, history of angina, blood pressure, heart rate, and hemodynamics on admission between PYP (+) group and PYP (-) group. The duration from onset to admission was longer in PYP (+) group and coronary reperfusion therapies were carried out in few cases. In 7 of 8 PYP-positive patients, the diagnosis of right ventricular infarction was made only by D-SPECT. Four of 8 were complicated with shock within three days, and the duration of hospitalization was longer. Coronary angiography demonstrated many proximal lesions (50%) in PYP (+) group but few ones (18%) in PYP (-) group. D-SPECT was very useful for diagnosing acute right ventricular infarction, and it might contribute to the prevention of shock if performed within a few days.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Evaluation of physicians' decision making processes in primary care medicine].

To investigate how primary care physicians select appropriate diagnostic tests in their clinical practice, we analyzed the physician's decision making processes by means of written case simulations. We allocated the physicians who participated in this study to three groups; nine residents and ten attending physicians from the Department of Primary Care Medicine, and nine specialists from the Department of Medicine in our hospital. After they read a history and findings in each presented case, the physicians were requested (1) to make diagnostic hypotheses and predict probability of each hypothesis, (2) to select diagnostic tests and their purpose, and (3) to estimate contribution of the tests to the diagnosis. The results revealed that the attending physicians tended to order the diagnostic tests more strictly based on their hypotheses than the residents and specialists did. The attending physicians selected diagnostic tests from specific varieties rather than from "Essential Laboratory Tests" when they were confident in their hypotheses. On the other hand, they selected the tests mainly from "Essential laboratory Tests" when they were uncertain of diagnosis or needed to exclude serious diseases. They regarded the contribution of tests to the diagnosis as high when specific diagnostic tests were available for the presumptive diagnosis, or severe conditions were expected. These findings suggest that, in the setting of primary care practice, the application of laboratory tests depends on the severity of presenting conditions and pre-test certainty of the diagnostic hypothesis. Therefore, it may not be always appropriate to apply "Essential Laboratory Tests" uniformly to every patient irrespective of his/her condition.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Clinical implication of IL-10 in patients with immune and inflammatory diseases].

The immune system is regulated by soluble glycoproteins produced by a wide variety of cells. IL-10 is a soluble protein produced by helper T (Th) cells, macrophages (M phi)/monocytes (Mo), and B cells, which exhibits a wide array of both immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory properties. We examined the pathological significance of this new cytokine "IL-10", and its clinical implications. IL-10 was discovered in 1989 as an activity produced by murine type 2Th (Th2) cells which suppressed cytokine production such as interferon gamma (IFN gamma) by type 1Th (Th1) cells. Its inhibitory effects were mainly recognized in vivo in animal experiments. In humans, unlike in mice, it is difficult to separate Th1 from Th2 cells. However, as we expected, marked suppressive activities on M phi/Mo were observed in humans. We have examined the serum levels of IL-10 in several diseases. In autoimmune diseases, some of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had higher titers of IL-10 in their sera than the normal controls. Conversely, some patients with common variable immunodeficiency and with inflammatory bowel diseases showed lower titers of IL-10 in their sera than the healthy controls. Most bacterial endotoxin shock patients had lower levels of serum IL-10 than cardiogenic shock patients. Collectively, the ability of IL-10 to suppress the production of inflammatory monokines and to elevate anti-inflammatory monokines, suggests a strong anti-inflammatory role in diseases such as septic endotoxin shock and inflammatory bowel diseases. Also, the IL-10 antagonist such as soluble IL-10 receptor might be a candidate for the treatment of B cell mediated autoimmune diseases such as SLE by selectively enhancing Th1 immunity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

[A long-survival case of unresectable liver metastasis of colon cancer by hepatic arterial intermittent multidrug infusion chemotherapy].

We experienced a long-survival case with unresectable liver metastasis of sigmoid cancer by hepatic arterial intermittent multidrug infusion chemotherapy. The patient was a 65-year-old man. A movable tumor was palpable at the left lower abdomen. The serum CEA value was 15.6 ng/ml. Abdominal CT scan showed a 3 cm-sized low-density area near the root of the right and middle hepatic vein in segment 4. He had undergone sigmoidectomy, cholecystectomy and cannulation into the proper hepatic artery. Chemotherapy was performed by using 5-FU (250 mg), Adriacin (5 mg) and mitomycin C (4 mg) every second week from 4 months after surgery as an outpatient. In the CT scan image, the low-density area completely disappeared at 10 months after treatment, and the CR interval was 14 months. The patient has been alive for 5 years after surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

[Analysis of cases with liver abscess following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE) for malignant hepatic tumors].

A total of 182 TAE procedures were carried out in 98 patients with malignant hepatic tumors during the last five years. Liver abscess following TAE occurred in 3 cases (3.1%) and in 3 procedures (1.7%). All cases were discharged after successful percutaneous transhepatic abscess drainage. One case had hepatocellular carcinoma. Another case had undergone total gastrectomy and esophagojejunostomy with Roux-Y reconstruction for gastric leiomyosarcoma. The other had undergone right hemicolectomy and pancreatoduodenectomy for colon cancers and carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. Communication between the abscess and the intrahepatic bile duct was recognized in 2 cases. In the abscess culture, E. coli and Citrobacter freundii were detected. These results suggest the major factor leading to abscess formation is biliary infection. Therefore, a previous bilio-enteric anastomosis should be regarded as a risk factor for liver abscess following TAE.

Aged↗