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Biomedical subjects

H Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to H Inoue.

At least 1,585 records · Page 88Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Traumatic transection of the left main bronchus and laryngeal fracture resulting from blunt trauma--a successful case of emergency operation].

A 18-year-old female, who had incomplete transection of the left main bronchus and laryngeal fracture, due to blunt trauma, is reported. Chest X-ray on admission showed subcutaneous emphysema extending to the cervical soft tissues and marked pneumomediastinum. Bronchoscopic examination revealed disruption of the left main bronchus, leaving only the membranous portion. An emergency operation was performed 5 hours after the injury. A week later, bronchoscopic reexamination revealed tracheal stenosis just below the vocal cord, due to fracture of the cricoid and thyroid cartilages, which was enlarged to a certain extent by laryngoscopic intervention under cooperation of the laryngologist. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and two months later, was well with tracheostomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Temperature dependence of the structure of aggregates of tobacco mosaic virus protein at pH 7.2. Static synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering.

The small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) method using a synchrotron radiation source was applied to the study of the self-aggregation process of tobacco mosaic virus protein (TMVP) at a concentration of 5.0 or 12.0 mg ml-1 in 50 mM or 100 mM-phosphate buffer (ionic strengths approx. 0.1 and 0.2, respectively) at pH 7.2 in the temperature region of 4.8 to 25.0 degrees C. This paper presents the results of static measurements of SAXS. Sedimentation velocity experiments were performed simultaneously under the same conditions. These results are qualitatively parallel to those of the SAXS measurements, although the size of stacked disks derived from the SAXS measurements is larger than that derived from the sedimentation experiments, suggesting a change in the equilibrium conditions in the centrifugal field. Qualitative analysis of the SAXS data with model simulation calculations implies that the aggregation of TMVP consists of two steps: (1) the aggregation of A-protein comprising a few subunits to form double-layered disks; and (2) the random polymerization of double-layered disks by disk-stacking. Increase in temperature, ionic strength or protein concentration induced TMVP to polymerize to form a double-layered disk or a quadruple-layered short rod with consumption of A-proteins, accompanied by a small number of multi-layered short rods. The SAXS results indicate that the A-protein and the multilayered short rods are polydisperse with respect to size and shape, i.e. the mixture of A-protein, double-layered disks and multi-layered short rods coexists in the equilibrium state without pressure-induced partial dissociation of TMPV as observed during normal ultracentrifugation, and even under solution conditions in which the formation of double-layered disks or higher-order aggregates is favored.

Capsid Proteins↗
PubMed1988

[Comparison of the binding nature of mibolerone to androgen receptor of human prostate with that of R1881].

The authors examined the binding nature of mibolerone in cytosols of hypertrophic prostates from 15 patients to androgen receptor using Dextran-charcoal assay, analyzed it by the method of Scatchard, and compared it with that of R1881. The addition of triamcinolone acetonide into the incubation medium induced specific single binding of mibolerone to androgen receptor with high affinity as well as R1881. The receptor contents obtained with mibolerone were higher than those of R1881, and both of them correlated well. The dissociation constants of both ligands showed good correlation and no significant differences. Mibolerone seems to be as suitable a ligand as R1881 for measuring the androgen receptor.

Estrenes↗
PubMed1988

A new 5-lipoxygenase selective inhibitor derived from Artocarpus communis strongly inhibits arachidonic acid-induced ear edema.

Natural compounds isolated from the Indonesian plant, Artocarpus communis, inhibit 5-lipoxygenase of cultured mastocytoma cells. One of five compounds, AC-5-1, strongly inhibits 5-lipoxygenase with a half-inhibition dose of 5 +/- 0.12 X 10(-8) M. However, prostaglandin synthesizing activity is not inhibited until 10(-5) M. AC-5-1 is a highly selective inhibitor for 5-lipoxygenase. The AC-5-1 at 10(-5) M inhibits 96% of leukotriene C4 synthesis of mouse peritoneal cells facilitated by calcium-ionophore. Arachidonic acid-induced ear edema of mice, an in vivo inflammatory model, involving leukotriene induction, is strongly inhibited by AC-5-1 in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition is the strongest of any inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase reported previously. Since the natural compound AC-5-1 can selectively inhibit 5-lipoxygenase and affect in vivo inflammation, it will be interesting to investigate the role of leukotrienes on inflammation and other physiological processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of transforming growth factor beta on cell proliferation and glycosaminoglycan synthesis by rabbit growth-plate chondrocytes in culture.

The effects of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) on the growth and glycosaminoglycan synthesis of rabbit growth plate-chondrocytes in culture were studied. In serum-free medium, TGF-beta caused dose-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis by chondrocytes, measured as [3H]thymidine incorporation (ED50 = 0.1-0.3 ng/ml). The inhibitory effect was maximal at a dose of 1 ng/ml, and extended for a duration of 16-42 h. In contrast, TGF-beta potentiated the synthesis of DNA stimulated by fetal calf serum (FCS). Addition of TGF-beta (1 ng/ml) to cultures containing 10% FCS increased [3H]thymidine incorporation to 1.6-times that in cultures with 10% FCS alone. Consistent with this finding, TGF-beta potentiated DNA synthesis stimulated by the purified growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). The maximal stimulation of DNA synthesis by FGF (0.4 ng/ml) was further potentiated dose dependently by TGF-beta (ED50 = 0.1 ng/ml, maximum at 1 ng/ml). When the cultures were treated with the optimal concentrations of TGF-beta (1 ng/ml) and FGF (0.4 ng/ml), [3H]thymidine incorporation was 3-times higher than that of cultures treated with FGF alone. This TGF-beta-induced potentiation of DNA synthesis was associated with replication of chondrocytes, as shown by a marked increase in the amount of DNA during treatment of sparse cultures of the cells with the growth factors for 5 days. In contrast, TGF-beta caused dose-dependent stimulation of glycosaminoglycan synthesis in confluent cultures of growth-plate chondrocytes (ED50 = 0.3 ng/ml, maximum at 1 ng/ml). This stimulatory effect of TGF-beta was greater than that of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) or PDGF. Furthermore, TGF-beta stimulated glycosaminoglycan synthesis additively with IGF-I or PDGF. Recently, it has been suggested that bone and articular cartilage are rich sources of TGF-beta, whereas epiphyseal growth cartilage is not. Thus, the present data indicate that TGF-beta may be important in bone formation by modulating growth and phenotypic expression of chondrocytes in the growth plate, possibly via a paracrine mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The 5'-flanking region of the human P-450(SCC) gene shows responsiveness to cAMP-dependent regulation in a transient gene-expression system of Y-1 adrenal tumor cells.

The chronic effect of cAMP-dependent regulation on adrenocortical steroidogenesis is known to be revealed in the stimulation of the biosynthesis of steroidogenic enzymes. P-450(SCC), one of the enzymes, catalyzes the first and the rate-limiting reaction in steroidogenesis from cholesterol and its synthesis is regulated by cAMP. In order to investigate cis-acting DNA elements of this gene in response to cAMP-dependent regulation, we have constructed a fusion gene (pSCC5.4k) by ligating the 5'-flanking and the upstream untranslated region (5.4 kb) of the human P-450(SCC) gene to the structural gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and transfected it into various culture cells including Y-1 (mouse adrenal tumor), L929 (mouse fibroblast), HTC (rat hepatoma) and Hepa-1 (mouse hepatoma). Only Y-1 cells transfected with pSCC5.4k were found to express transiently the enhanced CAT activity in response to the cAMP analogue, cyclic dibutyryl-AMP (Bt2cAMP). Primer-extension analysis of RNA prepared from the cells treated with or without Bt2cAMP showed that the enhanced CAT activity was due to an increase in the CAT mRNA and that the transcription start site, determined here with the human P-450 gene in the adrenal cortex, was correctly utilized with the fusion gene in the transient expression system. Forskolin and cholera toxin, activators of adenylate cyclase, also increased the expression of the CAT activity in the Y-1 cells. It has been demonstrated, therefore, that the cAMP-dependent regulation of the P-450(SCC) gene in adrenal cortex is faithfully reflected in the transient expression system using Y-1 cells and the fusion gene and that a cis-acting DNA element(s) in response to cAMP is present within the 5'-flanking sequence (5.4 kb) of the P-450(SCC) gene.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1988

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing renal cell carcinoma.

A case of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing renal cell carcinoma with multiple bone and lung metastases, but without liver involvement is reported. The stain specific to AFP (avidin-biotin complex) proved the presence of the AFP in the cytoplasms of some cells of the renal tumors. In addition, three other cases of AFF-producing renal cancer recently published in the literature in Japan are reviewed. These four cases indicate that mesoderm-originating malignant tumors such as renal cell carcinomas can produce AFP in some situations. So, AFP is probably more universal than believed, although it is generally a popular and useful tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinomas and yolk sac tumors. The knowledge of the presence of AFP-producing renal cell carcinomas will make a new contribution to the study of the oncogenesis of AFP-producing tumors.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1988

Possible synapse formation by embryonic cerebellar tissue grafted into the cerebellum of the weaver mutant mouse.

The weaver mutant mouse is characterized by degeneration of cerebellar granule cells in early post-natal stage. In the present study, the possibility of synapse formation in the weaver mouse cerebellum by implanted granule cells was analyzed immunohistochemically with antiserum against synaptic vesicle protein, Synapsin I. Normal cerebellar tissue, obtained from 15-day-old CBA/JNCij mouse embryos, was transplanted into the cerebellum of 4-week-old weaver mice. 6 weeks after the transplantation, the grafted tissue was clearly detected in the host cerebellum, developing a trilaminar organization. A number of granule-like cells were observed in the folia of the host cerebellum, suggesting that the implanted granule cells may have migrated from the grafted tissue into the host cerebellum. Some areas in the host cerebellum as well as in the grafted tissue were intensely stained by anti-Synapsin I serum, indicating that the implanted granule cells make synaptic contacts with the neuronal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Possible site of bronchodilation due to inhaled procaterol aerosol in asthmatic patients.

We studied the effective site of an inhaled aerosol of procaterol, a beta 2-selective adrenergic bronchodilator, in 8 asthmatic patients whose basal lung functions are almost within the normal range in both slow vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0), and are free from asthmatic attack. In patients who had received procaterol 30 min after inhalation of aerosol, there was no significant change in VC, although FEV1.0, maximal expiratory flow at 50% VC (V50), maximal expiratory flow at 25% VC (V25) and maximal expiratory flow at 30% VC of partial maximal expiratory flow volume curve (V30p) improved significantly. On the other hand, in those who had received placebo, none of the parameters changed. Furthermore, R1 decreased and C0.5 increased significantly during the first 5 min after inhalation of procaterol aerosol. After an interval of 5 min, R1 did not change any further, while C0.5 continued to improve until 30 min after inhalation of procaterol. These results suggest that procaterol may first dilate the large airway and then may gradually dilate the small airway in bronchial asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Interactions between UFT and anticoagulants in lung cancer patients.

In order to study the interactions between UFT and anticoagulants, the plasma and tissue concentrations of 5-FU, uracil and FT-207 were examined in patients with lung cancer. Higher plasma concentrations of 5-FU and uracil were observed in the patients who were given warfarin and ticlopidine beforehand, whereas the concentrations of FT-207 were almost the same in the patients who were given anticoagulants as in those who were not. This may be interpreted as an inhibition of dihydrouracil dehydrogenase, the common metabolizing enzyme of 5-FU and uracil, by anticoagulants. With regard to the tissue concentrations, higher levels of 5-FU and uracil in the tumor and lymph nodes were obtained after anticoagulants were given beforehand. Concentrations of FT-207 in these tissues, however, were almost the same in the patients who were given anticoagulants as in those who were not. We thus concluded that an increase of 5-FU in tumor cells and lymph nodes can be achieved after elevating the plasma concentrations of ordinary oral doses of UFT by using anticoagulation therapy beforehand.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Epicardial mapping of polymorphous ventricular tachycardias induced in the canine heart with procainamide.

To elucidate the mechanisms of the arrhythmogenic and antifibrillatory action of procainamide, 24 episodes of polymorphous ventricular tachycardia were analyzed. They were induced electrically in 12 canine hearts before and after the administration of 40 mg/kg of procainamide. The isochronal maps of the epicardial activation sequence were successfully constructed by 40 simultaneously recorded bipolar electrograms in 14 of 17 episodes after procainamide. The isochronal maps showed a possible macroreentrant circuit in 12 episodes, and in four of them the functional block was noticed to have disappeared before the termination of tachycardia. This study suggests that procainamide predisposes the ventricle to reentrant tachyarrhythmias and that the dimension of the reentrant circuit induced is too large to be fragmented into multiple reentries, which results in the prevention of the development of ventricular fibrillation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Sulfidopeptide-leukotrienes are major mediators of arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear edema.

The inflammatory response of the mouse ear to topical application of arachidonic acid (2 mg/ear) was examined to study the roles of sulfidopeptide-leukotrienes (LTs) and prostaglandin (PG) E2 as mediators of edema. The increase in ear thickness caused by arachidonic acid (AA) (edema), reached a maximum at 45 to 60 min after AA application. The amounts of immunoreactive LTC4 and immunoreactive PGE2 produced increased significantly in 5 to 10 min, and then diminished gradually over 60 min. 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, dual cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitors and anti-histamines significantly inhibited AA-induced ear edema. Both production of PGE2 and LTC4 were suppressed by NDGA at 1 mg/ear which also inhibited ear swelling. However aspirin, which enhanced LTC4 production in AA-induced ear edema did not inhibit the ear swelling. Hypodermic injection of LTC4 at 25 ng or PGE2 at 500 ng/ear did not cause swelling, but edema was induced when both compounds were injected simultaneously. Moreover ear swelling was induced by injection of both LTD4 at 50 ng and PGE2 at 500 ng/ear. Furthermore, concomitant injection of histamine, at 500 ng or serotonin at 50 ng/ear with LTC4 at 25 ng caused ear swelling but both compounds at the same dose alone did not induce swelling. These results suggest that AA-induced ear edema is predominantly mediated by LTC4 and other lipoxygenase products while PGE2 (in the presence of LTs) acts to facilitated ear swelling, although serotonin and histamine may also contribute.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Involvement of HLA in clinical courses of myasthenia gravis.

The relationship between the histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotypes and the clinical course of myasthenia gravis (MG) was studied in 53 Japanese patients with MG. The frequency of HLA-DRw9 antigen was high in the MG patients who did not need immunosuppressive therapy but only anticholinesterase agents (RR = 4.52; CP less than 0.02), who achieved remission of the disease (RR = 2.98; CP less than 0.05) or who showed a decrease in AChR antibody (Ab) titer (RR = 6.32; CP less than 0.0002), whereas the frequency of HLA-DRw8 antigen was increased in MG patients who underwent immunosuppressive therapy (RR = 4.03; CP less than 0.01), who did not have remission (RR = 4.75; CP less than 0.1) or who showed an increase in AChR Ab titer (RR = 6.48; CP less than 0.01). These data suggest that immunogenetic heterogeneity in MG might be reflected in its clinical course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A new mutagen-sensitive mutant in Neurospora, mus-16.

A new gene, mus-16, is determined by the nitrogen mustard-sensitive Neurospora mutant of Baker, Parish and Curtis (1984) which is defective in the removal of DNA-DNA and DNA-protein crosslinks. This gene is on the left arm of linkage group V between caf-1 and lys-1. The mus-16(JMB) mutant is sensitive to the alkylating agents methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) [dose reduction factor (drf) 8-10 X], N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (drf 5-6 X), the amino acid histidine and the drug hydroxyurea. It is not sensitive to ultraviolet-light, gamma-irradiation, or mitomycin C (MMC). It shows normal spontaneous mutation rates but increased induction of mutation by MMS. Homozygous crosses are barren, showing no signs of sporulation. Mitotic spontaneous chromosome instability is increased. The mus-16 mutation is similar to several non-excision repair-defective mutants in Neurospora. Some of these may be defective in repair of alkylation damage. The MMC data supports earlier data that in fungi MMC is incapable of forming DNA-DNA crosslinks.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1988

Cocaine-induced supersensitivity and arrhythmogenesis.

The mechanism of cocaine-related sudden death is unknown. To test whether cocaine potentiated changes in sinus cycle length, conduction in the atrioventricular node (AH interval) and ventricular effective refractory period induced by infused norepinephrine and ansae subclaviae stimulation, the dose-response curves of sinus cycle length, AH interval and ventricular effective refractory period to infused norepinephrine (0.01 to 0.20 micrograms/kg body weight per min) and the frequency-response curves to ansae subclaviae stimulation (1 to 4 Hz, 2 to 3 mA, 4 ms pulses) were determined before and after intravenous injection of cocaine (5 mg/kg) in 15 anesthetized open chest dogs. Cocaine potentiated shortening of sinus cycle length, AH interval and ventricular effective refractory period induced by norepinephrine infusion and shifted dose-response curves of these variables to the left in eight dogs (supersensitivity). Cocaine did not affect frequency-response curves of sinus cycle length and AH interval to ansae subclaviae stimulation. Ansae subclaviae stimulation shortened the ventricular effective refractory period more after cocaine injection, but frequency-response curves were not shifted to the left in seven dogs (no supersensitivity). Cocaine did not enhance electrical induction of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in 15 dogs without acute myocardial infarction. Acute myocardial infarction was produced by coronary artery ligation in another group of 21 dogs. Of 10 dogs with acute myocardial infarction, spontaneous or electrically induced ventricular tachycardia developed in 1 dog without drugs, in 3 dogs given norepinephrine and in 7 dogs given norepinephrine and cocaine (p less than 0.03 versus without drugs).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Distribution of alpha-adrenergic bronchoconstriction in feline airways.

We studied the distribution of in vivo alpha-adrenergic bronchoconstriction roentgenographically and histologically as well as functionally, using 13 anesthetised, mechanically ventilated cats. We observed changes in airway diameter by employing tantalum bronchography and studied function by measuring pulmonary resistance (RL), static compliance (Cst), and dynamic compliance (Cdyn). alpha-adrenergic stimulation was produced by intravenous injection of norepinephrine (40 micrograms/kg) after administration of atropine (3 mg/kg, i.v.) and propranolol (2 mg/kg, i.v.). alpha-adrenergic stimulation produced a significant increase in RL (76.2 +/- 4.0 (mean +/- SE)%) and a significant decrease in Cst and Cdyn (23.7 +/- 2.2 and 27.9 +/- 4.2%, respectively). Tantalum bronchograms revealed that alpha-adrenergic stimulation produced a significant decrease in airways with bronchial diameter of 0.5-1.0 mm (9.5 +/- 3.7%). Histological study using a rapid-freezing technique with liquid nitrogen was added to ascertain the site of alpha-adrenergic bronchoconstriction, demonstrating bronchoconstriction in the airways from small bronchi to bronchioli, especially in bronchioli less than 0.5 mm in internal diameter. We conclude that alpha-adrenergic responsiveness can be observed roentgenographically and histologically as well as functionally in vivo, and that the main site of alpha-adrenergic responsiveness is bronchioli less than 1 mm in internal diameter.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Virucidal effect of chlorinated water containing cyanuric acid.

The inhibitory influence of cyanuric acid on the virucidal effect of chlorine was studied. The time required for 99.9% inactivation of ten enteroviruses and two adenoviruses by 0.5 mg/l free available chlorine at pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C was prolonged approximately 4.8-28.8 times by the addition of 30 mg/l cyanuric acid. Comparative inactivation of poliovirus 1 by free available chlorine with or without cyanuric acid revealed the following. The inactivation rate by 1.5 mg/l free available chlorine with 30 mg/l cyanuric acid or by 0.5 mg/l free available chlorine with 1 mg/l cyanuric acid was slower than by 0.5 mg/l free available chlorine alone. Temperature and pH did not affect the inhibitory influence of cyanuric acid on the disinfectant action of chlorine. In the swimming-pool and tap water, cyanuric acid delayed the virucidal effect of chlorine as much as in the 'clean' condition of chlorine-buffered distilled water. The available chlorine value should be increased to 1.5 mg/l when cyanuric acid is used in swimming-pool water.

Adenoviridae↗