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Biomedical subjects

H Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to H Inoue.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

In situ expression of protooncogenes and Fas/Fas ligand in rheumatoid arthritis synovium.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship among the expression of protooncogenes such as c-fos and c-myc, Fas antigen, Fas ligand, and apoptosis in the synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: The expression of c-fos, c-myc, Fas antigen, and Fas ligand was examined in synovial tissues of 6 patients with RA and 4 with osteoarthritis (OA) using in situ reverse transcriptase (RT) assay and immunohistochemical staining. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method in situ. RESULTS: Expression of protooncogenes, c-fos, and c-myc was detected in all samples from patients with RA, but in only a few cells of OA synovium. 30 to 90% of cells in RA synovium positive for these protooncogenes also coexpressed Fas antigen. Fas positive cells in RA synovium underwent apoptosis to a significant degree. Fas ligand mRNA was detected only in mononuclear cells in RA synovium. CONCLUSION: The expression of protooncogenes is closely related to Fas mediated apoptosis in RA synoviocytes.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Brain uptake ratio as an index of cerebral blood flow obtained with 99mTc-ECD].

A new index of cerebral blood flow (brain uptake ratio, BUR) using 99mTc-ECD was developed and evaluated in 66 patients (132 cerebral hemispheres). BUR was calculated from brain count in anterior planar image (60-80 sec after injection of 99mTc-ECD) divided by the summation of the count of aortic arch during first transit of radionuclide. BUR correlated well with brain perfusion index (BPI) obtained with Patlak plot method (r = 0.960, p < 0.001). In conclusion, BUR is useful as a simple and non-invasive index reflecting cerebral blood flow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

The regional distribution and cellular localization of mRNA encoding rat prostacyclin synthase.

The cloned cDNA for rat prostacyclin synthase was found to contain a 1503-bp open reading frame which encoded a 501-amino acid protein sharing 84.0% identity with the human enzyme. RNA blot analysis revealed that the rat prostacyclin synthase mRNA, as a single species of 2.1 kb, is expressed abundantly in the aorta and uterus. High levels of expression were also observed in the stomach, lung, heart, testis, liver, and skeletal muscle. Low but significant expression was also seen in the brain and kidney. Furthermore, the regional distribution and cellular localization of prostacyclin synthase mRNA were examined by in situ hybridization analysis of rat tissue sections. The definitive signals for the mRNA were localized in smooth muscle cells of the arteries, bronchi and uterus, and in the cells of the fibrous tunic surrounding the seminiferous tubules, which are characterized as smooth muscle cells. Besides smooth muscle cells, signals were also detected in the fibroblasts of the heart myocardium, lung parenchyma cells and kidney inner medulla tubules and interstitial cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

[Intrapulmonary hematoma diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging].

We report a case of intrapulmonary hematoma in which magnetic resonance imaging was useful in establishing the diagnosis. A 53-year-old man had bronchial asthma that was well controlled with inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate and salbutamol, and with oral theophylline. A spherical mass was found in the right lower lung field on a chest radiograph taken during a regular physical examination. A CT scan showed a well circumscribed spherical mass, which was attached to an intrapulmonary bullae. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-circumscribed mass in the superior segment of the right lower lobe. On a T1-weighted image the mass was hyperintense and had a higher-intensity rim. On a T2-weighted image the mass was hyperintense and had some hypointense areas. We therefore diagnosed intrapulmonary hematoma. Chest radiography 6 months later revealed a substantial decrease in the size of the mass, which supported the diagnosis. As in this case, intrapulmonary hematoma can be difficult to diagnose because of the lack of a history of injury and because of the slow regression. In this case, magnetic resonance imaging was useful in making the diagnosis.

Hematoma↗
PubMed1997

A novel missense mutation in the endoglin gene in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multisystem vascular dysplasia and recurrent hemorrhage. Recent investigation has mapped one of the responsible genes for HHT to chromosome 9q33-q34; subsequently, nine different mutations have been identified in the endoglin gene, which encodes a transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) binding protein, in nine unrelated families with HHT. We examined the endoglin gene in a Japanese patient with HHT and her family members. Using PCR-SSCP analysis followed by sequencing, we identified a C to A missense mutation in exon 4 which changed an Ala160 codon(GCT) to an Asp160 codon (GAT). Since this mutation destroys one of three Fnu4H 1 sites in exon 4, the Fnu4H I digestion patterns of the PCR-amplified exon 4 fragments from each family member were analyzed. In affected members, the restriction patterns were all consistent with a phenotype of HHT. PCR-amplified exon 4 fragments from 150 normal individuals were also analyzed by allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization analysis. As a result, the mutation was not found in any of them. We conclude that the C to A mutation in exon 4 of the endoglin gene in this proband is responsible for the occurrence of HHT in this family.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

In vitro long-term culture of human primitive hematopoietic cells supported by murine stromal cell line MS-5.

When Lin-CD34+CD38- cells from normal human cord blood were cocultured with MS-5, colony forming cells were maintained for over 8 weeks. Prevention of contact between MS-5 and Lin-CD34+CD38- cells by using a membrane filter was negligible for this activity, indicating that the activity of MS-5 on human primitive hematopoietic cells may be due to soluble factor(s) secreted from MS-5. We tried to purify this activity by a [3H]TdR incorporation assay. The activity was found in 150 kD fraction and was neutralized with anti-mSCF (stem cell factor) antibody. Another 20-30 kD fraction synergized with mSCF to stimulate the growth of Lin-CD34+CD38- cells but failed alone. This fraction supported the growth of the G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor)-dependent cell line FD/GR3, FDC-P2 transfected with mG-CSF receptor cDNA. This synergy was canceled in the presence of soluble mG-CSF receptor. Addition of anti-mSCF antibody and soluble mG-CSF receptor to the culture completely abrogated the activity of MS-5-culture supernatant. These results indicate the activity of MS-5 on Lin-CD34+CD38- cells is due to synergistic effect of mSCF and mG-CSF.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
PubMed1997

[Transesophageal echocardiographic findings of cortical and perforating infarctions in patients with atrial fibrillation].

The predictive value of transesophageal echocardiography was investigated for the risk stratification of atherothrombotic or embolic cerebral infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation. Left atrial spontaneous echo contrast, peak flow velocity in the left atrial appendage and generalized atherosclerosis as estimated by the intima-media wall thickness of the thoracic aorta were assessed by transesophageal echocardiography in consecutive patients with paroxysmal (n = 25) or chronic (n = 60) atrial fibrillation (mean [+/-SD] age; 63 +/- 11 years). All patients underwent brain computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the presence or absence of cerebral infarction. The location of cerebral infarction was divided into two territories, the cortical branch (cortical infarction) and deep perforators (perforating infarction), to evaluate embolic and atherothrombotic cerebral infarction, respectively. Cortical and perforating infarctions were found in 42% and 16% of all patients, respectively. The grade of spontaneous echo contrast was higher in patients with cortical infarction than in those without cortical infarction. Patients with perforating infarction showed thicker aortic wall compared with patients without perforating infarction. Other parameters had no predictive value to differentiate perforating from cortical infarctions. Multiple regression analysis revealed that spontaneous echo contrast and age were independent predictors of embolic cortical infarction, whereas intima-media wall thickness of the aorta and hypertension were useful in predicting the risk of atherothrombotic perforating infarction. Transesophageal echocardiography is useful for predicting embolic cortical infarction and atherothrombotic perforating infarction.

Atrial Fibrillation↗
PubMed1997

[Susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics (1995)].

The bacteria isolated from the patients with lower respiratory tract infections were collected by institutions located throughout Japan, since 1981. Ikemoto et al. have been investigating susceptibilities of these isolates to various antibacterial agents and antibiotics, and characteristics of the patients and isolates from them each year. Results obtained from these investigations are discussed. In 23 institutions around the entire Japan, 567 strains of presumably etiological bacteria were isolated mainly from the sputa of 459 patients with lower respiratory tract infections during the period from October 1995 to September 1996. MICs of various antibacterial agents and antibiotics were determined against 74 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 82 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 104 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 85 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (non-mucoid strains), 18 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (mucoid strains), 52 strains of Moraxella subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis, 25 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae etc., and the drug susceptibilities of these strains were assessed except for those strains that died during transportation. 1) S. aureus. S. aureus strains for which MICs of oxacillin (MPIPC) were higher than 4 micrograms/ml (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) accounted for 52.7%. Arbekacin (ABK) showed the most highest activity against S. aureus with MIC80 of 0.5 micrograms/ml. Vancomycin (VCM) showed the next highest activity with MIC80 of 1 microgram/ml. These drugs showed the high activities against MRSA with MIC80S of 1 microgram/ml. 2) S. pneumoniae. Most of drugs tested showed potent activities against S. pneumoniae. Imipenem (IPM) and panipenem (PAPM), carbapenems, showed the most potent activity with MIC80S of 0.063 microgram/ml. Cefotaxime (CTX), cefmenoxime (CMX) and cefpirome (CPR) of cephems showed the next most potent activities with MIC80S of 0.25 microgram/ml. Erythromycin (EM) and clindamycin (CLDM) showed low activities with MIC80S 128 micrograms/ml or high. Among these strains, however, 48.8% and 65.9% of respective strains were quite toward sensitive these agents with MICs of 0.063 microgram/ml. 3) H. influenzae. The activities of all drugs were potent against H. influenzae test with all MICs at 4 micrograms/ml or below. Cefotiam (CTM), CMX, cefditoren (CDTR) and ofloxacin (OFLX) showed the most potent activity with MIC90S to 0.063 microgram/ml. 4) P. aeruginosa. (mucoid strains) IPM and tobramycin (TOB) showed the most potent activity against P. aeruginosa (mucoid strains) with MIC80S of 1 microgram/ml. Ceftazidime (CAZ), cefsulodin (CFS) and carumonam (CRMN) showed next potent activity, with MIC80S of 2 micrograms/ml. The MIC80S of the other drugs ranged from 4 micrograms/ml to 32 micrograms/ml. 5) P. aeruginosa (non-mucoid strains). TOB and ciprofloxacin (CPFX) showed the most potent activities against P. aeruginosa (non-mucoid strains) with MIC80S of 1 microgram/ml. The MIC80 of ampicillin (ABPC) was 128 micrograms/ml in 1994, it was 16 micrograms/ml in 1995. 6) K. pneumoniae. All drugs except ABPC were active against K. pneumoniae. CPR and CRMN showed the most potent activities against K. pneumoniae with MIC80S of 0.063 microgram/ml. The MIC80S of the other drugs ranged from 0.125 microgram/ml to 2 micrograms/ml. 7) M. (B.) catarrhalis. Against M. (B.) catarrhalis, all the drugs showed good activities with MIC80S at 4 micrograms/ml or below. And MICs of all strains were 8 micrograms/ml or below. IPM, OFLX and minocycline (MINO) showed the most potent activity with MIC80S of 0.063 microgram/ml. Also, we investigated year to year changes in the characteristics of patients, their respiratory infectious diseases, and the etiology. Patients' backgrounds were examine for 567 isolates from 459 cases. The examination of age distribution found that the proportion of patients with ages over 60 years was 66.3% of all the patients showing a slight increase over that in 1994. Proportion of differe

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Secondary parkinsonism following midbrain hemorrhage].

We report a patient who developed right sided cogwheel rigidity and resting tremor after left midbrain hemorrhage. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed left midbrain old hemorrhage including substantia nigra. I-123 iodoamphetamine single photon emission computed tomography (IMP-SPECT) images showed reduced radioisotope (RI)-uptake in the left striatum, thalamus and frontal lobe. Our report shows that focal midbrain lesion can produce parkinsonism.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1997

[Application of urinary free dopamine as a marker of renal function, and comparison with other renal marker].

Urinary free dopamine (U-f-DA) is derived from renal DA synthesized in the renal proximal tubules, and plays an important role for diuresis and natriuresis. We were previously reported that U-f-DA was the superior marker of renal function as compared with ordinary methods including alpha 1-microglobulin (U-alpha 1 MG), beta 2-microglobulin (U-beta 2 MG) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (U-NAG) in spot urine samples. U-f-DA can be used as index for the evaluation of renal transplantation. In order to evaluate the clinical usefulness of U-f-DA as a marker of renal function, we investigated as follows; firstly, the age related changes of U-f-DA in healthy out-patients, secondly, the correlation between U-f-DA and creatinine clearance (CCr), serum creatinine (S-Cr) in in-patients, and thirdly, the chronological changes of U-f-DA, U-alpha 1 MG, U-beta 2 MG, CCr and S-Cr in patients with chronic renal failure before and after renal transplantation. There is no age-related changes in U-f-DA from patients with 3 years to 88 years old. U-f-DA was positively correlated with CCr and negatively correlated with S-Cr. There are parallel changes of U-f-DA and CCr in increasing direction, on the other hand, parallel changes of U-alpha 1 MG, U-beta 2 MG and S-Cr in decreasing direction after renal transplantation. In patients with post renal transplantation who were not well controlled, S-Cr increased gradually with the decreasing level of U-f-DA. These results suggest that the measurement of U-f-DA in spot urine samples is useful marker for evaluation of the renal function and can be used an index of viability of the transplanted kidney.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

alpha-Galactosylceramide (AGL-517) treatment protects mice from lethal irradiation.

AGL-517 (AGL) has an alpha-galactosylceramide structure and is a derivative of agelasphin-9b, which in turn is isolated from Agelas mauritianus and has immunomodulating activity. When administered before irradiation, AGL has been found to increase survival rates in lethally irradiated mice. In this study, we found that a single injection of AGL administered within 2 hours of lethal irradiation resulted in the long-term survival of mice without bone marrow transplantation. Peripheral blood hematology showed that AGL administration accelerated the recovery of hematopoietic parameters, including reticulocytes and red and white blood cells. Recovery of platelets was moderate. In addition, AGL significantly increased the number of endogenous colony forming units-spleen (E-CFU-S). AGL itself displayed no colony-stimulating activity, but AGL-stimulated spleen cell-conditioned medium (AGL-SCM) promoted the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mononuclear cells from normal mice and Lin marrow cells from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mice. Using suitable assay systems, we analyzed cytokines in AGL-SCM and found significant increases in stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IL-6 levels compared with control SCM. Additionally, using immunoenzymetric assays, we assessed serum levels of these factors in AGL-treated mice after lethal irradiation. The serum concentrations of IL-3, GM-CSF, and IL-6 were substantially elevated, the maximum levels being reached within 2 hours of injection. Despite inducing the in vitro increase in SCF, AGL did not elevate serum SCF levels. However, certain levels of SCF (approximately 5 ng/mL) were detected in mouse serum regardless of irradiation or AGL treatment. When irradiated mice were given a cytokine cocktail composed of recombinant murine (rm) IL-3, rmGM-CSF, and recombinant human (rh) IL-6 three times a day for 6 days (1 microg of each factor per mouse per day) starting 2 hours after irradiation, 60% of the mice achieved 50-day survival. The radioprotective effect of AGL can be attributed, in part, to the cooperative effect of the cytokines induced by AGL in vivo. These findings suggest that AGL may be a useful in treating radiation-induced hematopoietic damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[A case of transient cortical blindness due to reversible ischemic neurological deficit (RIND) after caesarean section under lumbar anesthesia].

We report a case of 31-year-old woman with pregnant toxicosis, who developed transient blindness after caesarean section under lumbar anesthesia. The patient was hypoxic due to atelectasis when she developed blindness, but she had no ophthalmologic abnormalities. MRI depicted abnormal high intensity areas (HIA) with T 2-weighted images (T 2 WI) in the occipital lobes and the basal ganglia. CT could not detect any of these MRI findings. The patient regained her vision four days after the onset. The HIA disappeared in a follow up MRI (T 2 WI) two weeks after the onset. The patient was diagnosed as cortical blindness due to RIND. Although most of the transient cortical blindness are accompanied with pregnant toxicosis with hypertension, there are some cases without pregnant toxicosis. We stress the importance of maintaining the blood pressure within the normal range in patients with hypertension who undergo surgery under spinal anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Destruction of hematopoietic microenvironment by cytotoxic T cells.

Coculture of cytotoxic T cells (STIL-3 C5) derived from L8313 leukemic mice with hematopoietic supportive stromal cells (MS-5) resulted in the detachment of MS-5 cells from the culture dish, whereas helper T cells (STIL-3 DF) did not induce this detachment. The response of bone marrow (BM) adherent cells to the same treatment was similar to that of MS-5 cells. The detached cells were unable to proliferate further, and genomic DNA of these cells showed fragmentation, suggesting that hematopoietic stromal cells died of apoptosis. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that STIL-3 C5 cells, but not STIL-3 DF cells expressed perforin, granzyme A & B, and Fas ligand. Fas was expressed in MS-5, BM adherent cells, MS-K and NIH/3T3 cells, which do not support hematopoiesis. These data suggest that the aforementioned factors mediate induction of apoptosis in MS-5 cells induced by direct cell-to-cell interaction with STIL-3 C5. This may explain the mechanism responsible for the destruction of the hematopoietic microenvironment by cytotoxic T cells in L8313 leukemia, from which STIL-3 cells are derived; it also suggests that destruction of hematopoietic tissue may be caused by leukemic cytotoxic T cells in some cases of leukemia.

Animals↗