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Biomedical subjects

H Imhof

Publications and source records attributed to H Imhof.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Computerized tomography in the acute diagnosis of spinal injuries].

Additional to conventional x-ray examinations, high-resolution CT has a greater impact on the diagnostic evaluation of severe spine injuries. It allows exact judgment of the condition of vertebral arch, articular processes, joints and spinal axis and therefore a better delineation of the stability or instability of spinal fractures. Intraspinal fracture of spinal stenosis and intra or paraspinal soft tissues lesions are much more easily detected. For this reasons CT-evaluation of severe spinal traumata permits earlier, much more precise and in many cases successful therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Dissecting aneurysm of the thoracic aorta--the value of computed tomography].

For the detection and classification of dissection of the thoracic aorta, in cases where a corresponding tentative diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical and plain thorax radiographs with intravenous contrast medium, computed tomography is the method of choice. In cases in which, primarily, a Type A dissection is suspected, catheter angiography is to be preferred to CT, in spite of being the more invasive method, because it is the only method capable of supplying the information necessary for surgery. In all other cases of dissection of the thoracic aorta computed tomography has the highest clinical-diagnostic value. It furnishes an initial finding on the basis of which the course may be monitored without difficulty where there is a corresponding clinical indication. It is as yet impossible to judge how far routine magnetic resonance imaging will supplant or complement CT in making the initial clinical diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Abdominal computerized tomography in the after-care of ovarian cancers].

The diagnostic capacity of abdominal CT as a follow-up in ovarian cancer is demonstrated on 67 patients verified by a second-look operation. In the diagnosis of recurrence CT has a sensitivity of 83%, a specificity of 94% and an overall accuracy of 88%. With local recurrence or residual tumours CT has an accuracy of 91%, with liver metastases of 94%. The accuracy in finding peritoneal carcinosis is 84%. Ascites proved to be a sure sign of peritoneal carcinosis. Because of its high sensitivity second-look operation can be avoided in case of a positive report. In a negative report a second-look operation will be necessary to verify the success of therapy. In the follow-up of ovarian cancer CT should be performed every 6 month during the first 2 years and yearly for another 3 years.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[CT of the sella following hypophyseal surgery].

A CT control scan of 32 patients after transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary tumour revealed sellar contents of different density and varying extent. Additional criteria were used to differentiate the intrasellar structures (size, extent, shape, structure, contrast enhancement, bone changes). CT made the definite diagnosis in 6 patients with pituitary tumour recurrence. Hormonal measurements were superior to CT in identifying recurrent tumours in another 3 patients. It is concluded that hormonal methods should be used in evaluating patients after surgery of a hormone-producing tumour. However, CT is the most useful method in detecting tumour recurrence in patients with non-functioning adenomas, and, if an adequate technique is used (coronal scanning, iv-contrast), even clinical asymptomatic tumours can be identified.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

[Chylopericardium as a rare cause of a "large" heart shadow--2 case reports].

Two cases with the diagnosis of asymptomatic chylopericard were evaluated. One was a 20-year old girl who had been operated on for intrathoracic lymphangioma and chylopericardium that existed since birth, and who developed a chylothorax after the operation. The second case report concerns a 22-year old man who had been suffering from a posttraumatic asymptomatic chylopericardium for two years and who is being treated conservatively "Low-fat diet").

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Mediastinal CT-staging of bronchial carcinomas].

Forty-three patients with proven bronchogenic carcinoma were evaluated with computed tomography (CT) to search for mediastinal and broncho-pulmonary nodal metastases. Definitive staging was achieved by thoracotomy (34 patients) and mediastinoscopy or transbronchial nodal sampling (9 patients). Three parameters of lymph node appearance on CT were studied to improve the sensitivity and specificity of CT in detecting malignancy in bronchogenic carcinoma: 1) node size, 2) node location and 3) border regularity and definition. 762 clearly defined nodes were studied by CT - 391 metastatic and 371 non metastatic. The most useful CT parameters were node size over 10 mm, and node location, which results in a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 88%. A combination of all 3 CT parameters increased sensitivity to 82% and specificity to 90%. These results show clearly, that size is not the only relevant CT-parameter in successful preoperative identification of mediastinal nodal metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Occult fractures of the skull].

Fractures of the skull represent a problem in traumatologic X-ray-diagnosis. The higher rate of errors in the skull compared with the rest of the skeleton result from problems in differentiation of fracture-lines from vascular channels and impressions in overlying skeletal structures. By special examination of the suspected region (special X-ray-views, conventional tomography, CT, magnification views etc.) additional information can be obtained, e.g., exact demonstration of dislocated bone fragments or the detection of intracranial hematomas as well as the unmasking of the fracture lines and their dimensions. Very often these special procedures results are the basis for correct treatment. For various skull regions, where masked fractures often occur, recommended radiological pathways are presented in order to find these fractures and to obtain additional information.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Computerized tomography in middle ear diagnosis--a comparison with conventional methods].

Due to important improvement in detail resolution and the excellent contrast resolution, in the newest computed tomography (CT) units, normal and pathologic structures of the inner and middle ear can be visualized. The clinical value of CT in comparison to standard X-rays and tomography is prospectively evaluated on the basis of 50 patient examinations. Today CT is unsurpassed in the diagnosis of cholesteatomas and glomus tumors and is superior to all other imaging techniques. Chronic inflammatory diseases of the middle ear can be evaluated in most cases on the basis of standard X-rays and tomography. CT's importance is primarily complementary, except for preoperative cases. Fractures should be visualized first on standard X-rays. If questionable complications are involved (e.g., tympanic or intracranial hematomas), CT should be the next step. Conventional tomograms are not necessary.

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1984

[Role of computed tomography in malignant tumors of the oral cavity and pharynx].

The CT findings of 22 patients with histologically verified malignant tumors of the oral cavity and pharynx were evaluated to demonstrate the value of CT. Comparison with conventional radiological methods was made. In 16 patients an attempt was made to define tumor expansion and 6 patients were examined after surgery and radiation therapy with regard to tumor recurrence. In the first group we found tumors of different stages: in advanced cancer it was evident that with CT it is possible to describe tumor expansion very exactly and its relationship to surrounding structures, as well as the invasion of the intracranial space or spinal cord. In malignomas of the tongue and mouth floor measurements of size by CT were very precise, as proved by surgery. Our results in the first group of patients show, that CT has a great influence on therapeutic management and is also very important for clinical staging of these malignomas. In the second patient group it is shown that by CT differentiation between postoperative changes and recurrent tumor is as difficult as it is in other organs. Based on the postoperative examination, appropriate follow-up is necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Chylopericardium: a rare cause of pericardial effusion.

A 21 year old man presented with asymptomatic, isolated chylopericardium. Despite echocardiography, radionuclide-angiography, computer tomography, and chemical analysis of the chylous effusion, the etiology remained obscure. After patent blue dye infusion into peripheral soft tissues, the appearance of coloring material in the effusion at 4 hours suggested direct communication of the pericardium with an apparently large thoracic duct. Fifteen months later, cardiomegaly persists in site of medium-chain triglyceride dietary restriction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Value of computer tomography of the small pelvis for the early diagnosis of local recurrence after surgery of rectal cancer].

The value of pelvic computed tomography (CT) in the detection of local recurrence following radical operation for rectal cancer was assessed in a prospective study on 15 patients. A positive CT finding was checked in every instance by a second-look operation (11 cases). Tumour tissue in the pelvis was found in 9 patients, whereas in 2 patients the positive CT finding was proven to be false. 5 out of 9 cases with recurrent tumour underwent radical surgery. In the 4 cases with a negative CT finding no recurrence has developed after a median observation time of 34 months. Pelvic CT is a useful and reliable method of detecting pelvic recurrence before it becomes clinically obvious. However, the method does not allow certain prediction of whether or not the recurrence will be radically operable.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium].

In a 3 year old male patient with a very rare congenital enlargement of the right atrium the diagnosis was made only because of an occasional chest X-ray film. These dilated right atria rarely cause symptoms, but in rhythmic disorders or thrombosis they can be life threatening. The differential diagnoses of this entity are listed.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗