Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Huismans.
The author presents the case history of a 40-year-old patient with angiopathia retinae syphilitica. The ophthalmoscopic picture of prethrombosis of the central retinal vein of the right eye was the only symptom of seropositive latent syphilis at the time of examination.
The author reports on 6 pregnant women suffering from punctate hemorrhage in either one or both eyes, in each case distal to the optic disk. Spontaneous resorption occurred post partum. This retinal sign may be specific in EPH gestosis.
This paper presents the case histories of two patients with embolism of the central retinal artery. Non-characteristic headache (lasting longer in one patient than in the other) preceded acute vascular obliteration. In the first case the headache symptom occurred simultaneously with organic findings of stenosis of the carotid artery. The author describes the findings obtained with modified Doppler sonography ("central artery Doppler"). "Retinal hemotachygrams" are analyzed.
Casuistic report on a 44-years old woman with long-time therapy with hormonal contraceptive about of 10 years. Disease began after some time only subjective symptoms and manifested itself primarily as inflammation of optic nerve in the retrobulbar, secondly, as papillitis, in the intrabulbar part of the nerve. The possibility of an vascular disease while therapy with contraceptive is mentioned.
Case report on a 24-year-old patient with bilateral recurrent iritis with salmonellosis (bacterial food poisoning). The stool test revealed salmonella typhi murium. It is remarkable that, in spite of a careful general anamnesis, the patient at first failed to mention the gastroenteric symptoms.
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Virions of bluetongue virus (BTV), epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and African horsesickness virus (AHSV) can be converted to core particles by treatment with chymotrypsin and magnesium. The conversion is characterized by the removal of the 2 outer capsid polypeptides of the virion. The loss of these 2 proteins results in an increase in density from 1,36 g/ml to 1,40 g/ml on CsCl gradients. The BTV, EHDV and AHSV core particles have an associated double-stranded RNA dependent RNA transcriptase that appears to transcribe mRNA optimally at 28 degrees C. It was found, at least in the case of BTV, that this low temperature preference is not an intrinsic characteristic of the transcriptase, but is due to a temperature-dependent inhibition of transcription at high core concentrations.
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The bluetongue virus (BTV) core particle contains 2 major polypeptides, P3 and P7, and is surrounded by an outer capsid layer that is composed of the 2 major polypeptides, P2 and P5. Analysis of the immune precipitates from soluble 14C-labelled BTV polypeptides and hyper-immune rabbit and guinea-pig sera indicated that polypeptide P2 precipitates only with homologous BTV sera. This would indicate that P2 is the main determinant of serotype specificity. It was also found that in sheep infected with BTV the P2-precipitating antibodies in the serum correlate with the neutralizing antibody titres, whereas the appearance and subsequent decline of P7-precipitating antibodies correspond well with those of the complement fixing antibodies. This suggests that BTV group specificity, as measured by a complement fixation tests, is determined by the core protein P7. This result was supported by the observation that mouse ascitic fluid, which contains a high titre of BTV-specific complement fixing antibodies and a very low titre of neutralizing antibodies, contains almost exclusively antibodies that precipitate P7.
No major differences in size were observed when both the double-stranded RNA and the polypeptides of the Australian bluetongue virus (BTV) isolate CSIRO 19 (BTV-20) were compared with those of other BTV serotypes such as BTV-10 and BTV-4. Minor capsid polypeptide P6 of both BTV-20 and BTV-4, which electrophoreses as a single band on continuous phosphate buffered gels, in separated into 2 distinct bands on discontinuous glycine-buffered gels. This was not the case with BTV-10. Cross-immune precipitation of BTV-20 with BTV-10, BTV-17, BTV-4 and BTV-3 indicated strong immunological cross-reaction of the group-specific antigen P7 of the different serotypes. There was also some cross-immune precipitation of the serotype-specific polypeptide P2 of BTV-20 and BTV-4. This result is in agreement with the observed cross neutralization of these 2 viruses. The main distinction between BTV-20 and the other BTV serotypes was observed in cross-hybridization experiments. The homology between the nucleic acid of BTV-20 and other BTV serotypes was less than 30%, whereas homology normally found between BTV serotypes is at least 70%. The hybridization products of the different BTV serotypes were analysed by electrophoresis and fluorography. Two main hybrid segments were observed in all heterologous hybridizations with BTV-20 as a compared with 7 hybrid segments in hybridizations between BTV-4 and BTV-10. In order to determine from which genome segment of BTV-20 these 2 hybrid segments were derived, the hybridizations were carried out with individually purified double-stranded RNA segments. These results indicate that the 2 segments of BTV-20 that show the largest homology to corresponding segments of a heterologous BTV serotype are No. 7 and 10.
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Case report of a 29-year-old hypertensive suffering from blood-pressure crises. The internal diagnosis was malignant essential hypertension. Ophthalmologically, there was angiospastic retinitis. Systemic blood pressure measurements following administration of Neo-Synephrine eye drops (5% and 10%) revealed no significant increase as compared with the patient's blood pressure behavior. The findings indicate that phenylephrine can be used without hesitation, for instance in cataract and retinal surgery.
History and photographic documentation of an unusual case of tapetoretinal degeneration: Pigmentary retinal dystrophy was diagnosed in a seven-year-old boy who was originally referred for ophthalmological examination because of follicular conjunctivitis. The child's relatives had not been informed of the presence of a heredodegenerative condition, even though there had been two cases of blindness in the family in the first generation. Treatment was attempted with anthocyanosides (Difrarel-100/Difrarel-E). Local therapy comprised Chibro-Uvelin eye drops and Re-Pla-Serol ointment. Dark glasses with lateral protection were also prescribed.
Visceral Larva Migrans (Toxocara canis) is usually a relatively benign disease which is caused by infective second-stage larvae of the common cosmopolitan ascarid of dogs, characterized chiefly by sustained eosinophilia, pulmonary symptoms and hepatomegaly. Its severity varies with the number of larvae in the tissue and the immune or allergic state of the infected individual. The most important aspect of the neurotropic larvae perhaps is its potential as a facilitating agent, for instance, for Virus or Toxoplasma gondii invasion of the central nervous system by destroying the blood-brain barrier. Ocular invasion characteristically occurs after primary infestation, seldom bilaterally. Larvae may present three different ocular lesions: a granulomatosis at the posterior pole (solitary granuloma), a chronic endophthalmitis or peripheral retinal lesions with proliferation. Prognosis regarding visual acuity depends on early diagnosis and larval localization. The author reports on successful therapy with a combination of antibiotics, sulfonamides, prednisolone and vermifuge. The microprecipitation test on living larvae is considered to be superior all serological tests at present but a negative result (at first) does not exclude T. canis invasion (compare case report). LMV syndrome should be ruled out if the patient suffers from cerebral spasms whose cause is unclear.
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