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Biomedical subjects

H Hosoi

Publications and source records attributed to H Hosoi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Increased expression of trk proto-oncogene by gamma-interferon in human neuroblastoma cell lines.

Three human neuroblastoma cell lines were examined to determine the effect of recombinant gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) treatment on the expression of trk proto-oncogene. Increased levels of trk proto-oncogene mRNA were observed in two neuroblastoma cell lines (KP-N-RT and KP-N-SI(FA)) after IFN-gamma treatment. The levels of trk mRNA increased with growth inhibition and morphological change in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The decreased level of N-myc mRNA after IFN-gamma treatment in KP-N-RT was inversely correlated with trk mRNA. Our results suggest that IFN-gamma can modulate the signal transduction of nerve growth factor in human neuroblastoma cells.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1994

Differential alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in a gastric epithelioid leiomyosarcoma in a 14 year old girl.

Leiomyosarcoma in childhood is very rare. This report describes the immunohistochemical study of a gastric epithelioid leiomyosarcoma in a 14 year old girl. Microscopically, the tumor showed two distinct histological patterns within the same tumor: small epithelioid cells forming a lobular pattern and spindle-shaped cells forming interlacing fascicles, but no distinct border divided the two types of cells. Immunohistochemically, vimentin was positive in all tumor cells; alpha-smooth muscle actin, however, was negative in small epithelioid cells and positive in spindle-shaped cells. The data revealed that the tumor had components showing two stages of morphological and biochemical differentiation. This case indicates that leiomyosarcomas might lose smooth muscle actin during malignant transformation; or, alternatively, they might arise from a primitive type of smooth muscle cell and some of them could spontaneously differentiate into mature smooth muscle cells, expressing this actin.

Actins↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of the efficacy of nicorandil in patients with ischemic heart disease by exercise Tl-201 myocardial SPECT.

The effect of nicorandil on myocardial perfusion in ischemic heart disease was studied using exercise-load Tl-201 myocardial SPECT (Ex-SPECT). ExSPECT was carried out in 12 patients with previous myocardial infarction (OMI) and 9 with angina pectoris (AP) before and after administration of nicorandil 15 mg/day, for three or more weeks; %Tl uptake and the washout rate in infarcted or ischemic areas were calculated from short axial images using the Bull's eye method. In the OMI group, %Tl uptake and washout rates in the infarction areas improved significantly from 52.4% and 0.25 before nicorandil to 60.4% and 0.38 after nicorandil. In the AP group, too, %Tl uptake and washout rates showed a significant improvement from 56.9% and 0.10 before to 69.1% and 0.33 after administration of nicorandil. Six subjects who had not received the drug, and who showed negative washout rates, had high improvement rates when nicorandil was administered, suggesting that the drug could increase myocardial perfusion during exercise loading as well as suppressing coronary spasm. Ex-SPECT was carried out in 4 subjects before and after the administration of nicarandil and after subsequent surgical treatment (PTCA or CABG) and the effects of the two therapies were compared. The washout rate was improved from 0.01 to 0.34 by the administration of nicorandil, and a notable increase in coronary artery blood flow was achieved compared to the level after surgical treatment, i.e. 0.50. It is concluded that normal dosages of nicorandil have a powerful direct effect of dilating the coronary arteries without any influence on preload or afterload.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical meaning of 123I-MIBG myocardial SPeCT in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy].

MIBG-myocardial SPECT was performed on patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) undergoing treatment with beta blocker (Nipradilol). The findings of MIBG-myocardial SPECT were compared with the changes in cardiac function obtained by echocardiograms. The patients enrolled in the study were seven males who has been diagnosed as definitely suffering from DCM according to diagnostic guidelines provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. The patients were aged 57.5 +/- 10.2 years. Following intravenous administration of 111 MBq (3 mCi) of MIBG, myocardial SPECT was taken 20 minutes, and 4 hours later. The washout rate of the left ventricular wall was higher in the unchanged group (40.7 +/- 1.2%) than in the improved group (30.3 +/- 6.1%). Both the early and delayed images showed higher extent and severity scores for the unchanged group than for the improved group. A correlation of LVEF with the washout rates was demonstrated (r = -0.819, p < 0.05). A correlation was also observed between the variations in LVEF before and after beta blocker therapy with the washout rates (r = -0.969, p < 0.01), MIBG-myocardial SPECT suggested possibility of the evaluation of severity and prognosis in the patients with DCM.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1993

Study of the efficacy of nicorandil in patients with ischaemic heart disease using Exercise-T1-201 myocardial tomography.

The effect of nicorandil on myocardial perfusion in ischaemic heart disease has been studied using exercise-load T1-201 myocardial SPECT (Ex-SPECT). Ex-SPECT was carried out in 12 patients with previous myocardial infarction (OMI) and 9 with angina pectoris (AP) before and after administration of nicorandil 15 mg/day, for three or more weeks; % T1 uptake and the washout rate in infarcted or ischaemic areas were calculated from short axial images using the Bull's eye method. In the OMI group, % T1 uptake and washout rates in the infarction areas improved significantly from 52.4% and 0.25 before nicorandil to 60.4% and 0.38 after it. In the AP group, too, % T1 uptake and washout rates showed a significant improvement from 56.9% and 0.10 before to 69.1% and 0.33 after administration. Six subjects who had not received the drug, and who showed negative washout rates, had high improvement rates when nicorandil was administered, suggesting that the drug could increase myocardial perfusion during exercise loading as well as suppressing coronary spasm. Ex-SPECT was done in 4 subjects before and after nicorandil and after subsequent surgical treatment (PTCA or CABG) and the effects of the two therapies were compared. The washout rate was improved from 0.01 to 0.34 by administration of nicorandil, and a notable increase in coronary artery blood flow was achieved compared to the level after surgical treatment, i.e. 0.50. It was concluded that, normal dosages of nicorandil have a powerful direct effect of dilating the coronary arteries without any influence on preload or afterload.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Electron microscopic study of intercellular junctions in human gastric mucosa with special reference to their relationship to gastric ulcer.

The development of gap junctions in the human gastric mucosa has been examined to see if there is any relation to gastric ulcer. Freeze fracture replicas were prepared from the endoscopic biopsy specimens of 20 patients with gastric ulcer (15 men and five women, aged 49 (13) years) and seven healthy volunteers (four men and three women, aged 41 (19) years). Large fractured areas of lateral cell membranes of surface mucous cells were observed randomly at a direct magnification of 15,000 using electron microscopy. Small gap junctions were observed between gastric surface mucous cells in all healthy volunteers. Gap junctions in the patients with gastric ulcer were significantly fewer than in the healthy volunteers. In addition, gap junctions in patients with recurrent ulcer were significantly fewer than in those with first onset ulcer. There was no obvious relationship between age and the development of gap junctions in patients with gastric ulcer or in healthy volunteers. In areas of intestinal metaplasia, gap junctions were occasionally seen between absorptive cells of the villi, but not in the lateral membranes of goblet cells. These findings suggest that loss of intercellular communication via gap junctions is associated with gastric ulcer formation.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of myocardial viability in the infarcted areas by the improved myocardial perfusion after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty].

Muscle viability in infarcted areas was evaluated based on the relationship between Tl myocardial scintigraphic findings and improvements in myocardial perfusion after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in 110 patients with old myocardial infarction (OMI). 1. Myocardial perfusion was improved in 95% of patients with redistribution in infarcted areas before PTCA, but in only 29% of patients without redistribution before PTCA. 2. The %Tl-uptake and the washout rate were significantly improved after PTCA in all patients with redistribution before PTCA with normal to dyskinesia of segmental wall motion. The %Tl-uptake of infarcted area after PTCA was greater than 50% in all patients. 3. The %Tl-uptake and the washout rate were significantly improved after PTCA in patients without redistribution before PTCA. However, the %Tl-uptake was not changed after PTCA in such patients with akinesia or dyskinesia of segmental wall motion. 4. Myocardial perfusion was improved late during prolonged follow-up after PTCA in 40% of patients without restenosis. Stunning of the myocardium is likely in these patients. 5. %Tl-uptake of more over 50% in patients with or without redistribution before PTCA indicates the presence of muscle viability. Muscle viability cannot be expected in the infarcted areas of patients without redistribution showing akinesia or dyskinesia of segmental wall motion. Patients without redistribution before PTCA include cases with underestimated ischemic lesion. The diagnosis of muscle viability by single photon emission computed tomography will be improved by including evaluation of segmental wall motion by echocardiography.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[The usefulness of three dimensional imaging of the myocardium using three heads SPECT camera (PRISM-3000)].

The SPECT unit using a 3 heads camera (PRISM-3000) has an advantage over the conventional one head camera SPECT unit because it can complete full circle scans (360 degrees scans) within a short time, and because the non-circular orbit of the camera heads fitting the individual form of the body has improved the spatial resolution. In addition, the high speed data processing has reduced the time for scan, enabling the three dimensional imaging system clinically applicable. In the present study, this modern technique was used to examined the myocardium in patients with ischemic heart disease so as to evaluate it for usefulness and depict problem to be solved. In patients with myocardial infarction, images obtained with a PRISM-3000 machine could provide more objective information on infarcts than conventional images. In patients with angina pectoris, delayed images obtained 3 hours after exercise by the new method were superior to conventional ones in power of demonstrating redistribution. The setting of the threshold for ischemic lesions at 40-50% hampers the assessment of the severity of ischemia. A new program should be introduced to solve this problem.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Scintigraphic appearance in stress 201Tl myocardial SPECT of midportion lesion in left anterior descending artery].

Scintigraphic appearance of left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesion in stress 201Tl myocardial SPECT was studied in 43 patients (pts) with midportion lesion in LAD confirmed by coronary angiography. Right margin of ischemic region in the basal short axial image was -36 +/- 17 degrees and left margin was -128 +/- 75 degrees. In 28 pts of 43 pts left margin lied beyond -120 degrees. From the results it was concluded that in most cases basal inferior wall was perfused by septal branches from LAD. In 6 pts with midportion lesion situated proximal to the first diagonal branch and in 12 pts with midportion lesion situated proximal to the second diagonal branch ischemic region in the apical portion was noted at both septum and anterolateral wall. Critical short axial image, in which right margin of ischemic region shifted from plus to minus area, was the 3.2nd short axial image in the former group and the 5.2nd in the latter group (p < 0.01). In 10 pts with midportion lesion situated distal to the large first diagonal branch, ischemic region was noted in septal wall and not in anterolateral wall. It was concluded that right margin of ischemic region in the basal coronal image was the most useful sign for predicting midportion lesion and left margin for dominance between LAD and right coronary artery and that apical anterolateral ischemia was sign for LAD lesion involving diagonal branch. Critical short axial image was useful for determining whether the lesion was situated proximal or distal to the first diagonal branch and whether the lesion was situated proximal to the second diagonal branch.

Coronary Vessels↗
PubMed1992

Differential expression of myogenic regulatory genes, MyoD1 and myogenin, in human rhabdomyosarcoma sublines.

A cell line (SCMC-MM-1) was established from a human abdominal tumor that was initially diagnosed as a malignant mesenchymoma by histological, immunohistochemical and clinical criteria. The cell line was composed of 2 morphologically and immunohistochemically distinct cell types, one with a small polygonal phenotype (P-type), characterized by the immunostaining of vimentin and the presence of a few electron-microscopically visible organelles, and the other with a giant tubular phenotype (T-type), characterized by the immunostaining of desmin, alpha-sarcomeric actin and skeletal-muscle myosin, and the presence of thick and thin myofilaments and Z-line materials. The parental cell line was cloned into 2 sublines, a P-type clone (SCMC-MM-1-19P) and a T-type clone (SCMC-MM-1-1T), which shared both 2q37 and 11p15 translocations, the characteristic chromosomal aberrations for rhabdomyosarcoma, with the parental SCMC-MM-1 cell line. Northern-blot analyses of the myogenic regulatory genes, including MyoD1 and myogenin, demonstrated the expression of MyoD1 in both of these sublines. Myogenin was very weakly expressed in the SCMC-MM-1-19P subline, but strongly expressed in the SCMC-MM-1-1T subline. Chromosomal and myogenic-regulatory-gene analyses revealed that both of these sublines were rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Furthermore, the regulatory-gene analyses indicated that these 2 sublines represented 2 distinct differentiation stages of myoblasts, and that MyoD1 and myogenin could serve as the lineage marker and the differentiation marker, respectively, of human rhabdomyosarcoma.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of the rate of speech flow on speech intelligibility in normal and hearing-impaired subjects].

The relationship between the rate of speech flow and speech intelligibility was investigated in normal and hearing-impaired subjects. It is usually observed that a slowly and clearly delivered speech is easier for hearing-impaired patients to understand. The purpose of paper is to analyze this phenomenon clinically and to present useful data for developing new hearing aids. Four or 5 syllabic words lists were prepared for this experiment and speech stimuli were chosen from these lists. The subjects consisted of 15 normal subjects and 79 hearing-impaired patients (57 with inner ear hearing loss and 22 with retrocochlear hearing loss). Hearing tests were performed using a tape recorder with various speech control systems in a soundproof room. Speech samples were presented at three speaking rates, that is, a conversational speech rate, a rate one and a half times as fast as the conversational speech rate and a rate twice as fast as that rate. The results obtained in the normal subjects confirmed that the faster the speaking rate was, the more the word intelligibility was reduced. According to the results in the hearing-impaired subjects, both the correlation coefficient and regression parameter between the word intelligibility in this experiment and speech discrimination scores measured by 57S-monosyllabic lists were low at the conversational speaking rate, but the higher the speaking rate was, the closer the relation between the both factors was. It was estimated by analyzing the data of inner ear hearing loss and retrocochler hearing loss separately that the subjects with retrocochler hearing loss had more difficulty in speech-mediated communication than the subjects with inner ear hearing loss.

Hearing Loss↗
PubMed1992

[Analysis of surface membrane antigens, cytoskeletal proteins and N-myc oncogene in pediatric solid malignant tumors, their diagnostic usefulness and relevant problems].

Neuroblastoma (NB), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), Ewing's sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) are solid malignant tumors in childhood. Microscopically these tumors are grouped as small-round-cell tumors, and a different diagnosis is sometimes difficult. Cell surface membrane antigen, cytoskeletal protein and N-myc amplification and over-expression were analyzed in these cell lines and tumor tissues for the accurate diagnosis. NB and PNET could be distinguished from Ewing's sarcoma and RMS by the panel of monoclonal antibodies against cell surface membrane antigens. The cytoskeletal protein analysis is useful for the diagnosis of RMS and leiomyosarcoma. Alpha-smooth muscle actin and/or desmin were demonstrated in the S-type (epithelial-like) cells in 3 NB cell lines, suggesting the differentiation pathway of NB into smooth muscle cells. N-myc amplification and over-expression were observed in NB cell lines as well as one RMS cell line. The occurrence of N-myc amplification and over-expression in the RMS cell line cautions us against using N-myc as a distinguishable marker for NB.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Estimation of destruction of necrotic myocardium with serial PYP SPECT images and serum myosin light chain I level].

PYP SPECT images were underwent in 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction 2-5 times in three weeks. PYP SPECT images were reconstructed as to include both vertebral images and myocardial images. Quantitative estimation of PYP images was performed by the ratio of maximal PYP myocardial uptake to maximal PYP vertebral uptake in the central sagittal images (%PYP). Disappearance of PYP images was defined as the day, when %PYP reached 50%. Normalization of serum myosin light chain I (LCI) level was defined as the day, when LCI level reached 2.5 ng/ml. %PYP decreased continuously and maximal PYP point remained at the same area. Shape of PYP images varied and diminished. In case of anterior wall infarction apical PYP uptake persisted longer than basal uptake. In case of inferior wall infarction basal PYP uptake persisted longer than apical uptake. The mean period from onset to the disappearance of PYP images was 9 +/- 3 days. Pattern of serial serum MB level was simple, however corresponding pattern of serial serum LCI level showed various types. The mean period from onset to the peak level was 4.1 +/- 1 day. Normalization of LCI level was 9.3 +/- 2.9 days. It showed that process of destruction of necrotic myocardium vary in each case. Weak relation was noted between disappearance of PYP images (DAY-PYP) and normalization of LCI level (DAY-LCI). DAY-PYP = 4.4 +/- 0.46 DAY-LCI (n = 13, r = 0.4). Quantitative PYP images were useful for detecting ongoing necrotic myocardium and serum LCI level was useful for estimating destruction of necrotic myocardium.2+ level were useful to study the process of destruction of necrotic myocardium.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of myocardial disorders in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy--by 201Tl myocardial SPECT].

201Tl myocardial SPECT was performed in cases of dilated cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease with left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy, and the two groups were compared from the standpoint of the mechanism of onset of myocardial disorders. Significant coefficients of correlation were seen between the Tl score and LVDd (r = 0.792, r = 0.785) and Tl score and LVEF (r = -0.634, r = -0.555) in both dilated cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease. In cases of valvular heart disease, significant correlation coefficients (r = -0.756, r = -0.720) between LVDd and r-WR (relative-washout rate), and Tl score and r-WR were observed, but no such correlation was seen in dilated cardiomyopathy. In valvular heart disease, a decrease in myocardial perfusion associated with enlargement of the left ventricle appeared, while in dilated cardiomyopathy, there was a marked decrease in LVEF in proportion to the thallium defect. Therefore, it was assumed that left ventricular wall disorders occur due to myocardial metabolic disorders and coronary microcirculation disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Interesting PYP, 201Tl, MIBG, AM and BMIPP myocardial SPECT images in a patient under successful reperfusion therapy].

Various types of radiopharmacons such as 201Tl, 99mTc-pyrophosphate(PYP), 123I-metaiodobenzyl-guanidine(MIBG), 111In-antimyosin Fab (AM) and 123I-beta-methyl iodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) were applied to a patient under successful reperfusion therapy. In the patient, elevated serum enzyme activity region in the subacute phase. Ten months after the ischemic event, AM uptake was noted at the region which maintained contractility. Two years after the ischemic event, depressed BMIPP uptake and delayed washout were noted at the apical region and the basal anteroseptal region. From these findings, the following conclusions were reached. Depressed 201Tl uptake was noted in the salvaged jeopardized myocardium. The lesions noted in the MIBG images showed depressed myocardial norepenephrine activity. This suggested that depressed sympathetic nervous function caused by severe ischemia persisted long after both myocardial perfusion and myocardial contractility had been restored. From abnormal AM uptake in the contractile myocardium myocardial cell damage, which permitted AM uptake, was persistent ten months after the ischemic event. Depressed BMIPP uptake and delayed washout suggested that abnormal fatty acid metabolism caused by severe ischemia was persistent. Severe ischemia caused various types of pathological states in the myocardium and radioisotope image was useful for studying these states.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗