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Biomedical subjects

H Hoshiai

Publications and source records attributed to H Hoshiai.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Gossypol as oral contraceptive for male: trial case report.

Gossypol has been used as oral contraceptive for man in People's Republic of China. There are also some reports of studies in which gossypol acetic acid is used in animal experiments. In this study we used tablet preparation of gossypol, which is actually used as oral contraceptive for male in People's Republic of China, on a volunteer. The administration of 20 mg/day gossypol tablets for 19 days resulted in a tendency of decreasing sperm density and total sperm count, but had no effect on serum LH, FSH, PRL or testosterone. Furthermore, the volunteer had no complaints of side effects and his general laboratory findings were normal. Ten days after the termination of gossypol administration, sperm density returned to its preadministrative level. Our study suggests gossypol may be effective as a male oral contraceptive with no acute side effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Prolactin releasing activity in serum of pregnant women and patients with galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome].

Serum samples obtained from 18 normal men and women, 24 pregnant women of the third trimester, and 8 patients with galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome (GAS) were subjected to a 3-phase methanol extraction. The serum extract released prolactin (PRL) specifically from rat anterior pituitary in vitro. The PRL releasing activity (PRA) was dependent on the incubation time and dose of serum extract, while independent on TRH or PRL in serum. The mean PRA in serum of pregnant women was significantly (p less than 0.02) higher than one of normal subjects. The mean PRA in serum of GAS was significantly higher than in pregnant women (p less than 0.05), and in normal subjects (p less than 0.001). When the individual PRL levels were compared to the PRA in samples from pregnant women and normal subjects, a significant (p less than 0.02) positive correlation evolved. These results indicate that a PRL releasing substance(s) distinct from TRH is (are) present in serum, and has (have) a relationship to the PRL concentration and late pregnant states.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Purification of rat prolactin releasing factor by gel filtration.

Pregnant rat hypothalamic fragments were extracted with 30 mM Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.8, subjected to enzymatic digestion, and applied to gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 for purification of the prolactin releasing factor. Effect of the eluted fractions on the release of prolactin were tested by the determination of serum and pituitary prolactin after the injection in lactating rats. Prolactin was estimated by radioimmunoassay. One fraction (tube number 61--73) eluted later than synthetic ACTH enhanced release of prolactin 30 min after injection, but other fractions had no effect on the release of prolactin. Prolactin releasing factor would be quantitatively predominant over prolactin inhibiting factor in pregnant rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Acute effects of intravenous infusion of conjugated estrogen on serum levels of LH and FSH in post-menopausal and castrated women.

In order to quantify the changes of feed-back effect of estrogen on the release of pituitary gonadotropin which is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system, the responses of LH and FSH to the intravenous infusion of 20 mg of conjugated estrogen were studied in 49 post-menopausal and 20 castrated women. In the group of women within 1 year after menopause, serum LH levels were elevated following the infusion of the conjugated estrogen. The responses of serum LH and FSH levels were different between post-menopausal and castrated women. The data indicated that the difference between the two groups was probably due to the difference of secrection patterns of the gonadotropins in post-menopausal and castrated women.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pregnancy and delivery in penicillamine treated patients with Wilson's disease.

Pregnancy and delivery of two patients with Wilson's disease are reported. Case 1 was a 20-year-old housewife who had been taking D-penicillamine fore more than 10 years and had remained asymptomatic except an episode of dissociative reaction. She apparently survived longer than any of her three sisters who died of the same disease. She discontinued the use of D-penicillamine by herself when she was at the 22nd week of pregnancy. Case 2 was a 32-year-old housewife who developed an episode of mental disorder of short circuit reaction type with mild neurological symptoms and Kayser-Fleischer rings after the prolonged interval of medication since the first pregnancy and delivery. Three months after the complete recovery of neuropsychiatric symptoms she was at the 12th week of pregnancy and withheld penicillamine from herself. During the pregnancy they had not revealed any exacerbation in terms of clinical and laboratory findings. Each of them was delivered of a healthy baby. Although the pregnancy and delivery of both patients were successful, the authors recommended that they should not prolong the interval of medication to protect themselves against the onset or relapse of the illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Relationship between prolactin secretion and hypothalamic prolactin releasing factor in pregnant and puerperium rats.

The present study attempted to elucidate stimulatory factor(s) in the rat hypothalamus which controls prolactin secretion from the anterior pituitary. Rat serum prolactin was elevated so much in late pregnancy that we prepared the hypothalamic extract of late pregnant rats. Prolactin levels in serum and pituitary by radioimmunoassay. After injection of this extract into a lactating rat 48-60 hr after delivery, the serum prolactin level was elevated significantly one to four hr later and the pituitary prolactin level declined two hr later. On the other hand, the hypothalamic extract of normal female rats prepared in a similar manner inhibited prolactin secretion from the anterior pituitary in the lactating rat as described by other authors. These data indicate that the prolactin releasing factor may consist in the hypothalamus of late pregnant rat, and be predominant over the prolactin inhibiting factor during late pregnancy. Prolactin secretion was also investigated in lactating and non-lactating puerperium rats. Prolactin in serum and pituitary declined with days after delivery in non-lactating rats, but not in lactating rats. The presumed factor for such prolactin release in lactating rats is considered to be the prolactin releasing factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Further study on the effects of LH-RH in rat anterior pituitary.

As to the mechanism of the action of LH-RH on rat anterior pituitary, the participation of the adenylate cyclase system in gonadotropin release has been clarified. The authors previously reported that LH-RH increased the RNA synthesis in the rat anterior pituitary. In this study, the significance of the increase of RNA synthesis by LH-RH and the relationship between the adenylate cyclase system and the RNA synthesis system were investigated and the following results were obtained. (1) LH-RH induces not only the release of LH but also its synthesis in the rat anterior pituitary, and furthermore, RNA synthesis participates in LH synthesis. (2) The effects of LH-RH on RNA synthesis appeared to be independent from the effects on the adenylate cyclase system.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1975

[Prolactin releasing action of the hypothalamic extract in last stage of pregnant rats (author's transl)].

Regulation of prolactin secretion in pituitary is considered to be mostly carried with the action of prolactin inhibiting factor in hypothalamus. We have investigated on the subject of prolactin releasing factor in the hypothalamus of rats in last stage of pregnancy using puerperal and ovariectomized rats as recipients. After prepared the cell-free system of pregnant rat hypothalamus with sonic oscillator, supernatant was produced by ultracentrifuge (25,000 X g, 30 min.) and utilized for the experiments. When the extract was injected intramuscularly to puerperal rats (48-60 hours after delivery), serum prolactin values increased gradually to 3 times of control values, but pituitary prolactin values showed the variation with decrease and recovery. The control values were obtained by determination after injection of cerebral cortical extract to puerperal rats. After administration of a extract of non-pregnant rat hypothalamus to puerperal rats, serum prolactin values decreased and pituitary prolactin values increased antagonistically. In the ovariectomized rats pretreated with estradiol and progesterone, serum prolactin values increased in 1 hour after administration of the extract of pregnant rat hypothalamus, but pituitary prolactin values did not show any variation. The present experiment suggests that the prolactin secretion promoting factor exists in the hypothalamus of pregnant rats and predominates over as compared with PIF in last stage of pregnancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effects of LH-RH on the concentration of 3',5'-cyclic AMP and RNA synthesis in rat anterior pituitary.

In an experiment performed to investigate the effect of LH-RH on the anterior pituitary of rats, we studied the changes in the concentration of 3',5'-cyclic AMP in the anterior pituitary and the uridine uptake by the anterior pituitary following the intravenous injection of 100 ng LH-RH. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The tissue level of 3',5'-cyclic AMP in the anterior pituitary reached the highest peak 15 min after the injection of LH-RH. 2) The uridine uptake of the anterior pituitary began to increase 15 min after the LH-RH injection and attained a maximum level (5 to 6 times the normal level) in 30 min. 3) The fact that the uridine uptake was inhibited to a considerable extent by the addition of actinomycin D to the incubation medium suggested that uridine was incorporated into the RNA fraction.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine content of the placenta and decidual tissue in the rat.

Measurements of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and of the amounts of putrescine, spermidine and spermine in the placenta and uterus of the pregnant rat and in decidual tissue of the pseudo-pregnant rat showed that these wax and wane with the growth rate of the tissues. Human term placenta has essentially no ODC activity, but placentae from 15-week human gestations have substantial amounts of enzyme. The ODC activity of the rat placenta increases 40-fold from day 10 to day 17 of pregnancy, then gradually decreases. The content of the polyamines in the placenta also reaches a peak on day 17. The ODC activity of the endometrium between implantation sites remains low until the end of pregnancy and then increases eight-fold on days 21 and 22. This may represent increased uterine activity in preparation for parturition. The ODC activity and the polyamine content of decidual tissue responds to administered oestradiol with increases that reach a peak within four hours. The ODC activity and polyamine content of decidual tissue decrease after the fifth day of decidualization. Nuclei isolated from decidual tissue respond to the addition of spermine or spermidine with an increase in the rate of RNA synthesis. Spermidine increases the elongation of RNA chains, but does not initiate the synthesis of new RNA chains in decidual nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Low-dose mitomycin C, etoposide, and cisplatin for invasive vulvar Paget's disease.

We report the effect of low-dose mitomycin C, etoposide, and cisplatin (low-dose MEP) therapy for three patients with invasive vulvar Paget's disease (invasive VPD) who declined radical vulvectomy and skin grafting. One patient achieved a complete response, while the other two showed partial responses (PR) without grade 3 or 4 adverse effects. The two patients with PR were undergone partial vulvectomy and inguinal lymph node dissection. All patients have no sign of recurrence for 10 months after chemotherapy. Our present results suggest that low-dose MEP is an effective and safe chemotherapy for invasive VPD and low-dose MEP may significantly improve postoperative quality of life in patients with invasive VPD by avoiding extensive vulvar resection and skin grafting.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carboplatin hypersensitivity induced by low-dose paclitaxel/carboplatin in multiple platinum-treated patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.

We report five cases of carboplatin (CBDCA) hypersensitivity after weekly low-dose paclitaxel (60 mg/m2)/CBDCA (area under the concentration curve = 2) therapy in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer receiving multiple platinum-based chemotherapy. Paclitaxel and CBDCA therapy was indicated as second-line chemotherapy in one patient and as third line in four patients with recurrent disease. The range of previously administered total CBDCA was 2582-9589 mg, and the CBDCA area under the concentration curve of the first treatment exhibited appropriate intensity (mean, 1.92 +/- 0.10; range, 1.76-2.10) in all patients. However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA. Our report suggested that CBDCA hypersensitivity was correlated with the total dose of previously administered platinum agents and that CBDCA should be excluded in patients who have received multiple platinum-based chemotherapy, even in platinum-sensitive cases, because CBDCA hypersensitivity can occur even with low-dose CBDCA administration.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amelanotic malignant melanoma arising in an ovarian cystic teratoma: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Malignant melanoma arising in a cystic teratoma is extremely rare. We report the clinicopathologic and cytopathologic features of an amelanotic malignant melanoma arising in an ovarian cystic teratoma. CASE: A 55-year-old woman presented with an asymptomatic right ovarian mass, showing features of cystic teratoma according to preoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The resected teratoma was suspected to include a nonepithelial malignancy in a touch preparation from a solid component. The tumor showed immunoreactivity for Melan-A, S-100 and HMB-45 in the absence of melanin granules, which established the diagnosis of amelanotic malignant melanoma arising in an ovarian cystic teratoma. CONCLUSION: Cytopathologic findings from touch preparations and immunohistochemical staining are useful for the diagnosis of amelanotic malignant melanoma arising in an ovarian cystic teratoma.

Female↗