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Biomedical subjects

H Horie

Publications and source records attributed to H Horie.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Presence of prostaglandin D2, E2 and F2 alpha in rat pancreatic islets.

The presence of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha was demonstrated in rat pancreas and pancreatic islets by specific radioimmunoassay and their contents were measured separately. The amounts of PGD2, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in rat pancreas were 16.1 +/- 1.1, 9.48 +/- 2.05 and 4.43 +/- 0.62(2) ng/g tissue, respectively. The amounts of PGD2, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in rat pancreatic islets were 427 +/- 66, 482 +/- 281 and 479 +/- 41 pg/mg protein, respectively. The syntheses of several PGs from PGH2, a common intermediate for PG production, in islet homogenates were also studied. PGH2 was rapidly transformed into PGD2, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in almost equal proportion in islet homogenates, and the transformation were proportional to the amounts of the homogenates added in the reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Decreased response of epinephrine and norepinephrine to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in diabetic autonomic neuropathy.

The responses of epinephrine, norepinephrine and other counter-regulatory hormones to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were investigated in 5 diabetics who showed signs of autonomic neuropathy, in 7 age-matched diabetics without autonomic neuropathy and in 7 healthy subjects. The presence of autonomic neuropathy was evaluated by decreased beat-to-beat variation in heat rates during hyperventilation or orthostatic hypotension. Catecholamines were determined by a totally automated plasma catecholamine analyzing system using a two-column system of high performance liquid chromatography. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine responses to hypoglycemia in diabetics with autonomic neuropathy were significantly lower than those in diabetics without autonomic neuropathy. Plasma glucagon response in diabetics was apparently attenuated compared to normal controls and there was no significant difference in glucagon response between the two patient groups. Other counter-regulatory hormone responses did not differ among the three groups. The data demonstrate that the responses of plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine to insulin-induced hypoglycemia are impaired in diabetics with autonomic neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Leiomyosarcoma of pulmonary truncus.

Insidious and progressive right heart failure of obscure origin warrants differential diagnosis of primary sarcoma of the pulmonary artery in patients of both sexes and 20 years of age and older. We report a case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the pulmonary truncus in a 67 years old woman. She had been well in general until when she started having fluctuating and progressive right heart failure three years ago. Clinical data included systolic murmurs in the pulmonary valve area, right ventricular hypertrophy, diminished x-ray density of the pulmonary vasculature, moderate elevation of serum LDH, alkaline phosphatase, and uric acid, and prolonged or unobtainable circulation time from the arm to lungs. The immediate cause of death was attributable to right heart failure due to pulmonary arterial stenosis caused by a locally invasive leiomyosarcoma apparently arising in the pulmonary truncus. Contributing to this right heart failure were 280 ml of serosanguinous pericardial effusion and fibrinous pericarditis.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Responses of catecholamines and other counterregulatory hormones to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in totally pancreatectomized patients.

Responses of glucagon, catecholamines, and other counterregulatory hormones to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were evaluated in five totally pancreatectomized patients and six normal subjects. In pancreatectomized patients, plasma glucagon, probably of gastric origin, did not change significantly during hypoglycemia. The responses of epinephrine and norepinephrine were delayed but adequate compared with those in normal subjects. The responses of cortisol and GH were almost as great as those in normal subjects. However, plasma glucose levels did not recover from hypoglycemia normally in these patients. These results suggest that glucagon responses are essential to recover from hypoglycemia and that neither epinephrine nor norepinephrine plays a crucial role in the recovery from acute insulin-induced hypoglycemia in totally pancreatectomized patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Is somatostatin a true local inhibitory regulator of insulin secretion?

Pancreatic somatostatin was depleted after oral administration of cysteamine to rats, yet the B-cells in the isolated islets were morphologically and functionally intact. Compared with islets from the rats not given cysteamine, the somatostatin-depleted islets released larger amounts of insulin during 1 h of incubation by glucose or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine stimulation. Therefore, the possibility that pancreatic somatostatin may locally regulate the inhibitory effects of insulin secretion has to be considered.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1983

Effects of disruption of microtubules on translocation of particles and morphology in tissue cultured neurites.

The role of microtubules in axoplasmic transport was studied by using colchicine and vinblastine in tissue cultured dorsal root ganglion cells dissected from chick embryos. After 3-4 days in culture, the effects of the agents on particle movement were examined under Nomarski optics. The movements of the particles were analyzed with high-contrast video systems. The number of transported particles passing through one region decreased after exposure to colchicine or vinblastine in concentrations greater than 1 X 10(-7) M, but these agents did not affect the velocity of the transported particles. After treatment with the agents swelling occurred in regions where particles sometimes stopped or slowed down in normal conditions. The intervals between swollen regions were 5-25 micron and transported particles finally stopped in the swollen regions. After 1 h of treatment with 1 X 10(-5) M colchicine, electron micrographs showed many organelles but no microtubules in the swollen regions. It is thought from these results that the disruption of microtubules in neurites might occur at the ends of the microtubules, followed by swellings in the neurites and particle transport blockade, but the morphological change itself might not have an effect on the transport of particles.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Glucose dependent stimulation by prostaglandin D2 of glucagon and insulin in perfused rat pancreas.

Effects of prostaglandin D2 on pancreatic islet function in perfused rat pancreas were examined in comparison with those of prostaglandin E2, which has hitherto been suggested to be a modifier of pancreatic hormone release. In the presence of 2.8 mM glucose, only glucagon release was strongly stimulated by 14 microM of prostaglandin D2, while release of both glucagon and insulin was augmented by 14 microM of prostaglandin E2. When the glucose concentration was elevated to 11.2 mM, insulin release was accelerated by 14 microM of prostaglandin D2 but there was no effect upon glucagon release. Again, release of both glucagon and insulin was augmented by 14 microM of prostaglandin E2 in the presence of 11.2 mM of glucose. The regulation of glucagon and insulin release through prostaglandin D2 is apparently adapted to glycemic changes, and may be a physiological modulator of pancreatic islet function.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of fatty acids on the membrane fluidity of cultured chick dorsal root ganglion measured by fluorescence photobleaching recovery.

The effect of fatty acids on the membrane fluidity in tissue cultured chick embryo dorsal root ganglion was studied by fluorescence recovery method. Lateral motion of the lipid was measured by observing the fluorescent probe, 5-(octadecylthiocarbamoylamino) fluorescence, F18. The effective lateral diffusion coefficient of the membrane was around 0.30 X 10(-8) cm2/sec in control cells, 0.42 X 10(-8) cm2/sec in 2-decenoic acid treated cells, and 0.35 X 10(-8) cm2/sec in valeric acid treated cells. From these results it is concluded that effective mobilities of the membrane complex increased about 40% by the external application of 2-decenoic acid, while valeric acid increased it only 12%. From the physiological results that 2-decenoic acid inhibits the Na-channel, it is suggested that this increase in the membrane fluidity might affect the Na-channel.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Osteogenesis bioassay and immunohistochemical and radioisotopic studies of a subunit of parotin, a parotid gland extract.

Bioassay data support the hypothesis that salivary glands participate in endocrine regulation of the development and maintenance of connective tissues. Resection of all three major salivary glands damages epiphyseal cartilages in young growing rats. A subunit obtained from parotin, an extract of bovine parotid glands, contains the active agent for the presumed endocrine function of salivary glands. Daily injections of 3 mg/rat of parotin or the subunit allow normal epiphyseal endochondral osteogenesis in salivary gland-deprived rats. The active agent appears to be secreted by the salivary acinar cells and resorbed through the striated ducts. Pancreatic islets and striated ducts of salivary glands share immunohistochemical activities for insulin, glucagon, and the subunit of parotin. Hyperglycemia and hypocholesterolemia occurred in intact rats given 1 to 5 mg/day of parotin for 30 days. These data together suggest endocrine function of the salivary glands and possible interactions between the pancreatic islets and salivary glands.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of pancreatic exocrine secretion and augmentation of the release of gut glucagon-like immunoreactive materials by intraileal administration of bile in the dog.

The effect of intraileal instillation of bile, a stimulant of gut glucagon-like immunoreactive materials (gut GLI), on secretin-stimulated pancreatic secretion was examined in anesthetized dogs. Intraileal bile significantly inhibited the flow rate of secretin-stimulated pancreatic secretion. The inhibition of pancreatic secretion was accompanied by an elevation of plasma concentration of gut GLI. Taking the inhibitory effect of glucagon on pancreatic exocrine secretion into consideration, it could be reasonably postulated that gut GLI may be a mediator of bile-induced ileal inhibition of pancreatic exocrine function.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Modulation by prostaglandin D2 of glucagon and insulin secretion in the perfused rat pancreas.

Effects of prostaglandin (PG) D2 on insulin and glucagon secretion from perfused rat pancreas were examined. In the presence of 2.8 mM glucose, only glucagon release was strongly stimulated by 14 microM of PGD2. When the glucose concentration was elevated to 11.2 mM, insulin release was accelerated by 14 microM of PGD2 but there was no effect upon glucagon release. Both glucagon and insulin releases induced by 19 mM arginine with PGD2 were not different from those without PGD2 in the presence of 2.8 mM glucose. But in the presence of 11.2 mM glucose, glucagon release induced by 19 mM arginine was augmented by 14 microM PGD2. Since the distribution of PGD2 has been reported to be in neuroendocrine organs, these results suggest that PGD2 is a possible candidate as a modulator in the neural control of endocrine pancreas.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and distribution of its severity among patients of a university clinic of diabetes in Osaka.

We have been following longitudinal changes of diabetic retinopathy by periodic fundoscopy in patients at our out-patient clinic for diabetes mellitus. In this study, we reviewed the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and the distribution of its severities. Funduscopic examinations for retinopathy were performed on 242 patients. They ranged in age from 13 to 84 years (52.9 +/- 0.9, mean +/- s.e.). Duration of diabetes ranged from 1 to 31 years (10.7 +/- 0.4). Forty patients were treated with diet alone, 112 with oral hypoglycemic agents and 90 with insulin administration. No retinopathy was found in 83 patients (34%), background retinopathy in 113 (47%), preproliferative retinopathy in 24 (10%) and proliferative retinopathy in 17 (7%). Five patients (2%) were blind. Twenty-seven patients (60%) of 45 with a less than 5-year duration of diabetes were apparently without retinopathy, while the incidence of proliferative retinopathy increased in proportion to the duration. Fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were higher in the patients with proliferative retinopathy than in any other group. All of the blind patients had a long history of untreated diabetes. Whether diabetic control assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin influences the progression of retinopathy could not be demonstrated by a 2-year observation. Further analysis based on a longer duration is needed in this respect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Complete nucleotide sequence of the attenuated poliovirus Sabin 1 strain genome.

The complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of the type 1 poliovirus vaccine strain (LSc,2ab) was determined by using molecular cloning and rapid sequence analysis techniques. The restriction fragments of double-stranded cDNA synthesized from the vaccine strain RNA were inserted into the adequate sites of cloning vector pBR322. Sequence analysis of the cloned DNAs revealed that the virion RNA molecule was 7,441 nucleotides long and polyadenylylated at the 3' terminus. When the nucleotide sequence was compared with that of the genome of the virulent parental strain (Mahoney), 57 base substitutions were observed to be scattered all over the genome. Of these, 21 resulted in amino acid changes in a number of viral proteins. A cluster of amino acid changes is located in the viral coat proteins, especially in the NH2-terminal half of the viral capsid protein VP1. These results may imply that the mutations in the VP1 coding region contribute to attenuation.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1978

New technique for measuring dynamic axonal transport and its application to temperature effects.

A new technique was devised for the dynamic detection of the axoplasmic transport of beta-radioactively labeled materials in which a semiconductor radiation detector was used as the beta-ray counter. The detector element is a silicon p-n junction diode and has a diameter of 2.0 mm. With this detector, the beta-radioactive distribution of axoplasmic transport could be measured in a axon maintained physiologically without cutting nerves. This method makes possible determination of the transport rate using one bundle of peripheral nerves. The rate in the bullfrog was 6.4 mm per hour at 24.0 degrees D. Temperature effects on the bullfrog axoplasmic transport were also observed at different temperatures, ranging from 5.0 to 24.0 degrees C. At these temperatures the rate increased as an exponential function of temperature from 1.1 to 6.4 mm per hour. Within this temperature range, the Q10 is 2.5 and an Arrhenius plot of the natural logarithm of velocity versus the reciprocal of absolute temperature yielded an apparent activation energy of 14.8 Kcal. this technique offers great advantages in permitting direct study of the axoplasmic flow of the axon in a physiological condition.

Animals↗