[Evaluation of sensory disturbances using short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) in vibration-exposed workers].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
H Honma
Publications and source records attributed to H Honma.
Differential effect of serum on syncytium formation and virus production in cells chronically infected with HIV in vitro.
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Cell Line↗
Virus-like particle formation of Drosophila copia through autocatalytic processing.
Northern blot and nucleotide sequence analyses of copia RNA from a transfectant made by introducing a genomic copia into copia-free cells showed that the 2 kb RNA, one of the major transcripts of copia, is generated through splicing. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we have also found that the position of the splice sites used in Drosophila larvae and cultured cells originally containing copia is the same as that used in the transfectant. To investigate the function of the 2 kb RNA, we constructed mutant copias which harboured a single point mutation at the splice site or approximately 3 kb deletion of the internal region corresponding to the spliced out sequence. Analyses of transfectants made by introducing these mutant copias into copia-free cells demonstrated that the spliced 2 kb RNA contains sufficient information to make copia virus-like particles (VLPs). Furthermore, when copia RNA corresponding to the spliced RNA was translated in vitro, the major VLP protein was found to be released autocatalytically from its own precursor. A single amino acid substitution at the putative protease active site in the precursor prevented the processing, and resulted in accumulation of the mutant precursor in vitro. From these results, we conclude that copia VLPs are produced through autocatalytic processing of the precursor polyprotein encoded by the spliced copia RNA.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Removal of HIV antigens and HIV-infected cells in vitro using immunomagnetic beads.
Human anti-HIV antibody-coated magnetic beads and magnetic particle concentrators were used to eliminate HIV antigens and the infected cells in vitro. Fifty micrograms/ml of the antibody coated on 30 mg/ml of tosyl-activated beads, and 10 min of reaction time between the antigens and the immunobeads were sufficient to eliminate the virus antigens from phosphate buffered saline, serum and peripheral blood. HIV-infected cells were eliminated in vitro, but not completely. This method will be useful in eliminating viral antigens and infected cells from clinical material such as blood and blood products.
Cell Separation↗
Evaluation of a new enzyme immunoassay (TESTPACK ROTAVIRUS) for diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis.
TESTPACK ROTAVIRUS, a simple 10 min enzyme immunoassay, was compared with reversed passive hemagglutination assay (RPHA) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of virus RNA (RNA-PAGE) for the detection of rotaviral antigens in feces from 104 diarrheal children. The results of TESTPACK ROTAVIRUS were identical with those of RNA-PAGE. Discordant results of RPHA were further examined by latex agglutination and electron microscopy and were finally decided to be negative. Pararotaviruses, adenoviruses and small round viruses were negative in the TESTPACK ROTAVIRUS.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
Incidence of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, hepatitis B virus, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus and Chlamydia in Tonga and western Samoa.
Among the populations of Tonga and Western Samoa, serum antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus or hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus were not detected (0/904 and 0/192). No serum samples were considered to be positive for antibody against human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (0/527). Hepatitis B antigen and antibody were found in 4% (8/192) and 47% (90/192), respectively. Chlamydia trachomatis IgG and C. psittaci IgG antibodies were detected in 39% (75/192) and 47% (91/192), respectively. The possibilities of the spread of human immunodeficiency virus and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus on the islands when the viruses invade from abroad were discussed.
Adolescent↗
Prevalence of human alveolar echinococcosis in Hokkaido as evaluated by western blotting.
The Western blotting (WB) method was used to evaluate the prevalence of human alveolar echinococcosis in Hokkaido, Japan. One hundred and sixteen WB-positive serum specimens were found in 1987 and 1988, and were grouped into two serologically different types from their WB-immunostaining patterns: "complete type", that showed multiple bands with various molecular weights ranging from 29 to 205 kilodaltons (kDa), and "incomplete type", that revealed a few bands with low molecular weights of 30-35 kDa and/or with molecular weights higher than 90 kDa. Therefore, we found that the WB method is applicable for the sero-epidemiological studies of human alveolar echinococcosis in Hokkaido.
Adolescent↗
Effect of N-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin on the lectin binding to HIV-1 glycoproteins.
The effect of N-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin (ppDNM) on the lectin binding to HIV-1 glycoprotein was analyzed by using biotinylated lectins of various sugar specificities as probes. ppDNM potentially inhibited HIV-1-induced syncytium formation and viral infectivity of HIV-1 without cytotoxicity. The lectin binding assay showed that ppDNM treatment reduced Con A binding to gp120 of HIV-1.
1-Deoxynojirimycin↗
[The effect of filler content on properties of polyaddition-type silicone impression material].
The effect of quartz filler content on viscosity, dynamic viscoelasticity and tensile stress of polyaddition-type silicone impression materials were investigated. A hydrogen polydimethylsiloxane (H-silicone) and two vinyl polydimethylsiloxane (V-silicone) silicone prepolymers were prepared. Quartz fillers were mixed to them at contents between 0 and 50% by weight. The viscosity of these rubber compounds and mechanical properties of set materials were measured by a cone and plate viscometer, the dynamic shear test and the tension test, respectively. Viscosity eta storage modulus G' and tensile stress sigma increased with the amount of filler increase. G' and sigma were decreased by use of a V-silicone prepolymer which had a high average molecular weight and the material was more flexible. This suggests that the characteristics of the silicone prepolymer greatly affect the mechanical properties of the impression materials. Therefore, the appropriate molecular design for silicone prepolymer and reasonable filler content should be considered to make impression materials that have suitable properties for clinical use.
Dental Impression Materials↗
Detection of anti-rotavirus IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies in healthy subjects, rotavirus infections, and immunodeficiencies by immunoblotting.
Immune responses to individual simian rotavirus (SA 11) structural polypeptides were studied with emphasis on specific IgG, IgM, and IgA in paired sera from four children with rotavirus infections. Responses to simian rotavirus (SA 11) were also studied in 103 healthy children, 10 patients with primary immunodeficiency who received intravenous immunoglobulin, and 11 human immunodeficiency virus antibody-positive patients. All samples were immunoblotted for two major polypeptides--VP2 and VP6--of IgG. Immunoblotted IgA and IgM were elevated 2-4 weeks after the onset of the disease (stage II) in patients with rotavirus infection. Immunoblotted IgG remained almost the same at the onset of the disease and stage II. The scores for primary and secondary immunodeficiency patients were lower than for healthy children. The score obtained by totaling all polypeptides found in each individual was compared with the optical density (OD) value obtained by enzyme immunoassay.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Detection of group C rotaviruses in Tokyo.
Four human group C rotaviruses were detected in Tokyo in 1987 and 1988 during a survey over 7 years. Among the four rotaviruses, two electrophoretic patterns were indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic (PAGE) analyses. Clinical symptoms, signs, family history, and patients' ages varied. Group C rotaviruses were found also in other parts of Japan in 1988. It was suspected that group C rotaviruses would continue to spread throughout Japan within the near future.
Blotting, Western↗
Quantification of left ventricular myocardial mass in humans by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.
The ability of NMRI to assess LV mass was studied in 20 normal males. By means of a 1.5 Tesla GE superconducting magnet and a standard spin-echo pulse sequence, multiple gated short-axis and axial slices of the entire left ventricle were obtained. LV mass was determined by Simpson's rule with the use of a previous experimentally validated method. The weight of the LV apex (subject to partial volume effect in the short-axis images) was derived from axial slices and that of the remaining left ventricle from short-axis slices. The weight of each slice was calculated by multiplying the planimetered surface area of the LV myocardium by slice thickness and by myocardial specific gravity (1.05). Mean +/- standard deviation of LV mass and LV mass index were 146 +/- 23.1 gm (range 92.3 to 190.4 gm) and 78.4 +/- 7.8 gm/m2 (range 57.7 to 89.4 gm/m2), respectively. Interobserver agreement as assessed by ICC was high for determining 161 individual slice masses (ICC = 0.99) and for total LV mass (ICC = 0.97). Intraobserver agreement for total LV mass was also high (ICC = 0.96). NMRI-determined LV mass correlated with body surface area: LV mass = 55 + 108 body surface area, r = 0.83; with body weight: LV mass = 26 + 0.77 body weight, r = 0.82; and with body height: LV mass = 262 +/- 5.9 body height, r = 0.75. Normal limits were developed for these relationships. NMRI-determined LV mass as related to body weight was in agreement with normal limits derived from autopsy literature data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
[Epidemiology of rotavirus infection around Tokyo area].
Epidemiology of rotavirus infection was studied from 1981 to 1988 mainly in three hospitals around Tokyo area. Major serotypes of rotaviruses in the three places were different from those in two hospitals around Kansai area in Japan (Ref. 6, 13), while, major serotypes were same among three hospitals. Both of serotypes 1 and 4 in group A were mostly found around Tokyo area. Frequencies of type 2, 3, and 9 in group A were low, although the frequencies were various among periods. Detail examinations of rotavirus RNA electropherotypes showed the results as follows; different electropherotypes were found during one winter season and at one hospital, the identical electropherotype was found cross a year and cross a hospital. We could not find the identical electropherotype which belong to two serotypes so far. Seven group C rotaviruses were found since 1987 in three hospitals. It would be important to examine RNA electropherotypes and serotypes for long period not only for epidemiological studies but also for development of vaccine.
Humans↗
[Study in recognition on the face. Affects of eye movement on alternation of the facial appearance].
The following experiment was designed to investigate the affects of eye movements in visual performance on alternation of the facial appearance using Vision analyzer. Major concern in this study was whether a casual relationship between eye movements and alternation of the facial appearance could be established such that eye movements necessarily preceded an alternation of the stimulus perception. Nine students who did not have any dental education and three dentists were selected as subjects. Three stimuli were presented to subjects which were made of the full face photographic slide of adult male with two different vertical dimension of occlusion in complete upper and lower dentures and normal facial height. Subjects were first shown in the normal stimuli, then they were presented with different version of the stimuli and asked to record their percept. Tow condition of instructions were used which elicited different scanning patterns. The results were as follow 1. Evidence that individual differences in eye movement patterns were existed. 2. Before instruction, their eye movements in visual performance tend to be dispersed all over the face. 3. After instruction, they were able to clearly identify altered facial appearances with good understanding of anatomical facial form. 4. Dentists were able to evaluate the altered facial appearances focusing their anatomical knowledge. The present investigation has demonstrated that the study of eye movements scanning strategies involved in two-dimensional face comparison and recognition is fruitful area of research.
Eye Movements↗
Tissue conditioners containing poly (butyl methacrylate) powder. I. Viscoelastic properties of homopolymer/plasticizer mixture.
The viscoelastic properties of new experimental tissue conditioners which consist of synthesized poly (butyl methacrylate) PBMA and a liquid of aromatic-ester plasticizer, without alcohol, were investigated to evaluate the effects of the molecular weight of polymer. The master curves of storage modulus G', dynamic viscosity eta' and loss tangent tan delta were constructed from the viscoelastic data at different temperatures. The effects of the molecular weight of polymer on the viscoelastic properties G' and tan delta were observed particularly, in a low frequency range. However, the dynamic viscosity eta' was not very sensitive to the molecular weight. These results suggest that PBMA produces more desirable properties for tissue conditioners, and that it is possible to manufacture new materials without alcohol.
Acrylates↗
Serum selenium and vitamin E concentrations in families of lung cancer patients.
Whether or not serum selenium and vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) concentrations were changed was examined among healthy families of lung cancer patients. Family members as a whole (115 sons and daughters of 55 patients with primary lung cancer) were found to have a trend to lower serum selenium levels (0.116 +/- SD 0.024 microgram/ml, 0.05 less than P less than 0.1). Particularly among families of adenocarcinoma patients, the mean level was significantly lower (0.111 +/- 0.019 microgram/ml, P less than 0.05) than that (0.122 +/- 0.014 microgram/ml) in age-ratio matched controls who did not have cancer patients among their second-degree relatives. Serum vitamin E levels (11.85 +/- 2.85 micrograms/ml) were significantly lower among family members of adenocarcinoma patients than the controls (14.1 +/- 3.1 micrograms/ml, P less than 0.01). Serum selenium and vitamin E levels were significantly lower in lung cancer patients (n = 37, mean age, 63.9 +/- 11.2 yr) than in the controls (P less than 0.001). These data suggest that there are familial factors in serum selenium and vitamin E levels among families of lung cancer patients.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Cigarette smoking and lung metabolism--effect of cigarette smoking on blood level of leukotrienes in healthy volunteers].
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Adult↗
[The evaluation of single administration of cisplatin in non-small cell carcinoma of the lung].
The effects of chemotherapy by single administration of Cisplatin were studied in 26 patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. There were 22 males and 4 females with a median age of 63 years. 21 cases were epidermoid carcinoma, 4 cases were adenocarcinoma and 1 case was atypical carcinoid. Cisplatin 20 mg/m2 with hydration and diuresis was given daily for 5 consecutive days. The course was repeated every 3 weeks. Partial response was observed in 4 patients (3 epidermoid carcinoma and one atypical carcinoid). The response rate was 19%. Side effects induced by Cisplatin were gastrointestinal toxicity including vomiting, nausea and appetite less, bone marrow toxicity and renal damage. These were not so severe, and reversible. Gastrointestinal toxicities were controlled successfully by corticosteroids. In 12 patients gastrointestinal toxicities were not observed. We conclude that Cisplatin is effective for non-small cell carcinoma, especially for epidermoid carcinoma. Hematologic toxicities of Cisplatin were not so severe. Therefore, combination chemotherapy including Cisplatin would improve the quality of life of patients suffering from non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.
Adenocarcinoma↗