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Biomedical subjects

H Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to H Hirose.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Increasing trends in mortality rate of aortic aneurysms in Japan, 1955-90.

To know the characteristics of mortality from aortic aneurysms in Japan, the age-adjusted and age-specific mortality rates of the diseases were calculated based on the Vital Statistics of Japan published from the Statistics and Information Department, Minister's Secretariat, Ministry of Health and Welfare. The overall age-adjusted mortality rate increased 24.8-fold from 0.43 to 10.98 per 100,000 for males, and 18.6-fold from 0.23 to 4.54 per 100,000 for females from 1955-90. The most common type was abdominal aortic aneurysms followed by dissecting and thoracic aortic aneurysms. The mortality rates of dissecting and thoracic aortic aneurysms increased greater than that of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The mortality rate of dissecting aneurysms was higher than that of abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms in age groups of 64 years or under. The mortality rate of abdominal aortic aneurysms was the most common in age groups of 65 years or over.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Basic studies of radiopaque resin monomer (III). Physical properties of trial composite resins.

A series of studies has been conducted on the synthesis of radiopaque monomers and the development of a composite resin having these monomers. Using octachlorocyclotetraphosphazene, P4N4Cl8 (4PNC), three kinds of radiopaque cyclophosphazene monomers, 4PN(Br3Ph)1-3-(EMA)7-5, were synthesized by reacting 1-3 mols of tribromophenol (Br3Ph) and 7-5 mols of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). As the monomer for an organic composite filler, 70% (wt) synthesized monomer was used with silica (OX-50) treated with silane mixed at 30% and ground after heat-polymerization and then run through a 325-mesh sieve after polymerization. As a base monomer, 25% urethane monomer (U-2TH) was mixed in 25% synthesized monomer and photosensitizer was added. The composite resin was prepared by mixing 50% organic composite filler with 50% base monomer, and polymerized with a Dentacolor XS (Kulzer) visible light-curing apparatus by irradiation for 90 s on each side, 180 s in total. Mechanical properties did not vary with the increase in the number of tribromophenol replacements. Compressive yield strength was more than 120 MPa in all cases. Transverse strength was 60-75 MPa and hardness was HK 26-30. However, the aluminum equivalent increased with the increase in the number of tribromophenol replacements. In the case of 4PN-(Br3Ph)3, the value was 8.8 mm, whereas in the case of commercial composite resin, it was 0.4-10.4 mm.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1993

Botulinum toxin treatment for spasmodic dysphonia.

Effective treatment of adductor type spasmodic dysphonia with botulinum toxin injection is presented. Patients showed objective and/or subjective improvement in phonation. The beneficial effect lasted for approximately 3 months. An immediate complication is temporary hoarseness or aphonia, mainly due to diffusion of BT into the adjacent muscles. This is avoided by limiting the injection to one vocal fold only and by keeping the dose at less than 5 units. Insertion technique of the needles, such as percutaneous and laryngoscopically controlled techniques, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The influence of the type of conversation on its memory].

The present study investigated the effect of the type of conversation on the recognition memory of statements appeared in the conversation. The experiment used two types of conversation; goal-oriented conversation and desultory conversation. The examined items were as follows: (1) the recognition memory of the surface form of statements which appeared in both types of conversation, (2) the effect of whether the sex of speaker was the same as the subject's or not, (3) the effect of whether the subject joined the conversation or just listened to conversation. Subjects (40 male and female undergraduates) were randomly assigned either to the listening condition in which they read the scenario of a conversation silently while listening to the tape recorded version of the same conversation, or to the utterance condition in which they played the part given in the scenario as if they were conversing with a partner whose utterance was given by the tape. The following results were obtained. Recognition memory of both surface form and content of statements was high in the goal-oriented, listening, same-sex condition, in the goal-oriented, utterance, other-sex condition, and in the desultory, listening, other-sex condition; it was low in desultory, utterance, other-sex condition. These results suggested that the recognition memory of conversation was dependent on various factors such as the type of conversation, the identity of the speaker (self or non-self), and the part played in the conversation (joining or listening).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Glucose-induced insulin secretion and alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes.

alpha 2-Adrenoceptor antagonists have been investigated in human in vivo studies as new oral antihyperglycemic agents. alpha 2-Adrenoceptors are subdivided into alpha 2A and alpha 2B subtypes by using receptor-binding methods or cloning methods. This study was designed to determine the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype(s) involved in glucose-induced insulin and glucagon secretion from the isolated perfused rat pancreas at a glucose concentration of 16.7 mmol/L. Both the alpha 2A-preferential agonist oxymetazoline and the non-subtype-selective alpha 2-agonist p-aminoclonidine, at concentrations above 10(-9) mol/L, significantly inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) and stimulated glucagon secretion from 10(-7) mol/L, as compared with basal levels (p < 0.01, respectively). In contrast, the alpha 1-selective agonist phenylephrine, at concentrations up to 10(-6) mol/L, affected neither insulin nor glucagon secretion as compared with basal levels. Furthermore, the non-subtype-selective alpha 2-antagonist rauwolscine, at concentrations above 10(-6) mol/L, and the alpha 2A-preferential antagonist WB-4101, at 10(-5) mol/L, significantly antagonized the effects of 10(-7) mol/L p-aminoclonidine on both insulin and glucagon secretion (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). In contrast, neither the alpha 1- and alpha 2B-selective antagonist prazosin nor the alpha 2B-preferential antagonist chlorpromazine, at concentrations up to 10(-5) mol/L, antagonized the effects of p-aminoclonidine. These results suggest that alpha 2A rather than alpha 2B-adrenergic agonism inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and stimulates glucagon secretion in the isolated perfused rat pancreas.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1993

[A case of pneumothorax due to pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer].

A 38-year-old woman was admitted because of left pneumothorax on March 16, 1991. She had undergone modified radical mastectomy in Dec. 1986. Chest roentgenogram on admission show a tumor shadow in the left upper lobe. She was diagnosed to have pneumothorax due to metastatic lung tumor. She underwent left upper lobectomy. Histologically poorly differentiated papillotubular adenocarcinoma was found and the cause of pneumothorax was thought to be necrosis of the tumor and direct invasion of the pleura.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1993

[A case of bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma associated with Swyer-James syndrome].

Swyer-James syndrome is considered to be a relatively uncommon disease entity presenting with unilateral hyperlucent lung due to hypoplasia of a pulmonary artery and bronchiectasis of the affected lung. Association of bronchogenic carcinoma with Swyer-James syndrome has not apparently been reported in any previous literature, except for one Japanese case. In the present paper, we describe a 48-year-old male individual, who developed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the right upper lobe bronchus after he had been diagnosed to have Swyer-James syndrome with unilateral hyperradiancy of the left lung. It is suggested that the bronchial epithelium of the unaffected lung in Swyer-James syndrome is likely to be more exposed to extrinsic carcinogens than that of the affected, underventilated lung, hence resulting in a higher risk of developing bronchogenic carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1993

[Coronary revascularization using profound hypothermia with elective ventricular fibrillation and total circulatory arrest].

Profound hypothermia with elective ventricular fibrillation and total circulatory arrest was used in a patient undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with severe calcification of the ascending aorta. A 76-year-old woman with unstable angina was referred for coronary revascularization. Ascending aorta was severely calcified with the exception of limited region of proximal ascending aorta, and the coronary arteriography showed high-grade obstruction of the left anterior descending (LAD) and dominant right coronary artery (RCA). The left internal thoracic artery was anastomosed to the LAD, and the saphenous vein graft to the RCA under systemic moderate hypothermia and elective ventricular fibrillation. During the proximal anastomosis of the saphenous vein graft to the non-calcified ascending aorta, profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest was instituted for 11 minutes. The wean from extracorporeal circulation was successful, and the postoperative course was uneventful.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Right ventricular myxoma--case report and review of the literature].

Primary tumors of the heart are rare, with the most common being myxoma, although myxoma of ventricular origin are uncommon. A careful review of the literature showed that 72 patients worldwide had cardiac myxomas located in the right ventricle. A 13-year-old asymptomatic girl with no previous history of cardiac disease was referred to a local hospital for evaluation of a heart murmur detected during a routine medical examination. Right ventricular myxoma was diagnosed and confirmed by echocardiogram, angiocardiography, CT, and MRI, MRI was firstly performed of right ventricular myxoma, and that showed right ventricular myxoma and the myocardium at the same intensity. Surgery was performed by first opening the right atrium. A lobulated mass was visualized through the tricuspid valve. Using a long needle, we confirmed that the wall was attached to the pedicle of the myxoma. Right ventriculotomy was subsequently performed in this region. The mass was passed through the tricuspid valve, and was reseated along with surrounding myocardium but with minimal excision of the right ventricular wall. The excised myxoma weighed 11 g, and had developed a short and small pedicle (5 mm x 5 mm) on the free wall and septum of the right ventricle. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged two weeks after the operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Intraoperative assessment of left ventricular function with left ventricular pressure-volume relationships in patients with open heart surgery].

There are few reports on the assessment of the left ventricular function from left pressure-volume relationships intraoperatively in open heart surgery. LV Emax, Ea/Ees and EW/PVA efficiency were assessed intraoperatively by using a left ventricular conductance catheter in patients with aortocoronary bypass. After dobutamine administration (DOB, 10 micrograms/kg/min), LV Emax was increased by 33 +/- 23% during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and 60 +/- 38% after weaning from CPB. Ea/Ees changed from 2.14 +/- 1.36 to 1.08 +/- 0.47 after weaning from CPB with dobutamine administration. EW/PVA efficiency changed from 52 +/- 12% to 66 +/- 10%. The change of LV Emax after dobutamine administration was correlated with the change of LV Emax after weaning from CPB and was correlated with Ea/Ees and EW/PVA efficiency after weaning from CPB. We concluded that measuring LV Emax before and after dobutamine administration during CPB is useful to assess left ventricular contraction clinically.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Assessment of left ventricular contraction with LV Emax during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with open heart surgery].

There are few reports on the assessment of left ventricular contraction during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in open heart surgery. LV Emax is thought to be a load-independent index of left ventricular function. We used a left ventricular conductance catheter to measure LV Emax from "non-working beating heart" during CPB in 16 patients who underwent open heart surgery. During CPB, at 45 minutes after aortic declamping, changes of heart rate with atrial pacing (120/min) did not change LV Emax, but after intravenous dobutamine administration (DOB, 10 micrograms/kg/min) LV Emax increased by 26% (p < 0.01). DOB increased LV Emax in 14 of 16 patients during CPB. These 14 patients were weaned from CPB without difficulty. But in 2 other patients DOB didn't increase LV Emax during CPB. In order to be weaned from CPB, the two patients needed epinephrine and intraaortic balloon pumping. We concluded that change of LV Emax made by intravenous administration of dobutamine is one of useful indexes to assess left ventricular contractility during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
PubMed1993

[The assessment of blue mechanism by measuring the threshold versus intensity curve under flashed background].

The threshold versus intensity curve with brief blue stimuli with a flashing background of the same wavelength was measured in normal subjects and subjects with several kinds of optic nerve and retinal diseases. In young normal subjects the threshold curve rose sharply away from the line measured under the same conditions but without flashing blue background, as has been reported in measurements with light of long wavelengths. In the convalescent stage of optic neuritis, diabetic retinopathy, and central serous chorioretinopathy, the threshold curves presented two patterns; one pattern was shifted upward and the other shifted upward and to the right. We suggest that this method with short wavelength light is useful in differentiating retinal diseases from the change of optic media, and for layer-by-layer diagnosis of retinal diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Changes in high energy phosphates and tissue blood flow in ischemia and reperfusion of jaundiced rat liver--effect of intermittent brief ischemia].

This study was focused on the changes of high energy phosphates and tissue blood flow (TBF) in ischemia and reperfusion, of jaundiced rat liver. We ligated and cut the bile duct of male Wistar rats to induce jaundice. The rats were divided into two groups, BDL-4W which had ligation four weeks before examination and control which had no ligation. Two studies were performed; In study A, ischemia was induced by clamping portal vein and hepatic artery for 60 minutes. In study B, 15 minutes of ischemia was repeated four times with intervals of 10 minutes of reperfusion. A: 1) In BDL-4W, ATP was significantly lower than that in control at pre-ischemia and reperfusion. Recovery ratios (RR) of ATP in BDL-4W were significantly lower than those in control. 2) RR or TBF in BDL-4W were significantly lower than those in control. 3) In BDL-4W, xanthine was significantly higher than that in control at reperfusion. B: 4) There were no significant differences in the RR of ATP after reperfusion between two groups. 5) There were no significant differences in the RR of TBF between two groups. 6) There were no significant differences in xanthine after reperfusion between two groups. We concluded that intermittent brief ischemia was useful when 60 minutes of ischemia was required for the operation of jaundiced liver.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1993

A new method using computed tomographic scan to measure the rectus femoris-patellar tendon Q-angle comparison with conventional method.

The Q-angle should be the angle generated by a line connecting the anteroinferior iliac spine (AIIS), the bottom of the groove of the femoral condyle, and the tibial tubercle. The Q-angle was measured by computed tomography (CT) in 43 lower limbs with recurrent patellar dislocation and 26 normal controls. The mean Q-angle was 20 degrees in the dislocated group and 13 degrees in controls, a significant difference. No significant difference was found in the Q-angle between the dislocated and control groups using the conventional method. Lower limb rotation had little effect on accuracy of the method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Arachidonic acid metabolites and alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated glucagon secretion in rats.

Effects of phospholipase A2 inhibitor, cyclooxygenase inhibitor and lipoxygenase inhibitor on glucagon secretion induced by the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine were studied in the isolated perfused rat pancreas. The phospholipase A2 inhibitor mepacrine at 25 and 50 mumol/l significantly inhibited glucagon secretion induced by 0.1 mumol/l clonidine (P less than 0.01, respectively), whereas 5 mumol/l mepacrine did not affect clonidine-induced glucagon secretion. Also, both 100 mumol/l acetylsalicylic acid (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and 100 mumol/l caffeic acid (lipoxygenase inhibitor) significantly inhibited clonidine-induced glucagon secretion (P less than 0.01, respectively), whereas neither 10 mumol/l acetylsalicylic acid nor 10 mumol/l caffeic acid affected clonidine-induced glucagon secretion. None of the drugs at the tested concentrations affected insulin secretion at a glucose concentration of 5.5 mmol/l. These results suggest that not only cyclooxygenase metabolites but also lipoxygenase metabolites are involved in the stimulation of glucagon secretion mediated through the alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in perfused rat pancreas.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Dynamic process of colonization by Haemophilus influenzae in children--is H. influenzae normal flora in the throat?].

Eighty-seven oropharyngeal isolates of Haemophilus influenzae were obtained by two time cultures six months apart from a total of 288 children who attend a kindergarten. We analyzed the strains by comparing their serotypes, biotypes, beta-lactamase activity and by performing electrophoresis of outer membrane proteins on polyacrylamide gels. Only nineteen strains were not identical, the rest of the 68 strains were classified into 23 types. During 6 months at least 15 types of strains lost from this group and 21 types of new strains were obtained. There were no children who had identical pairs of H. influenzae in their oropharynx during the 6 months. The classification of strains in oropharynx suggested that person-to-person transmission of nontypable H. influenzae can occur. We concluded that oropharyngeal colonization by nontypable H. influenzae is not a normal flora in children.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Effect of hyperlipidemia on cardiovascular responses to adrenergic stimulation in piglets.

This study was designed to assess the effect of hyperlipidemia on cardiovascular responses to adrenergic stimulation in a porcine model. Four-week-old piglets (n = 10) were divided into two groups; one fed a control diet and the other was fed an atherogenic diet for 8 weeks. Cardiovascular responses were evaluated to both norepinephrine (NE; 0.5 and 2.5 micrograms/kg) and isoproterenol (ISO; 0.1 and 0.5 microgram/kg) from simultaneous recordings of femoral arterial pressure, heart rate, left intraventricular pressure and left intraventricular dP/dt. It was found that no significant difference in the baseline values of cardiovascular function was observed between the control and hyperlipidemic groups. However, in the hyperlipidemic group as compared with the control group: 1) arterial blood pressure responses to NE were significantly increased (P less than 0.05), 2) cardiac contractile responses to NE and ISO were significantly potentiated (P less than 0.05), and 3) reflex bradycardia in response to increasing arterial blood pressure did not occur. These findings indicate that hyperlipidemia can potentiate the cardiovascular responses to adrenergic stimulation, whereas reflex cardiovascular regulation is somewhat altered by hyperlipidemia. Conceivably, these observations may have relevance to the possible role of the mechanism of the interaction of hyperlipidemia and hypertension in atherogenesis.

Analysis of Variance↗