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Biomedical subjects

H Hinterhuber

Publications and source records attributed to H Hinterhuber.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Zotepine in the treatment of negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia.

Zotepine is a new tricyclic neuroleptic with a pharmacological profile comparable to substances like Thioridazine and Chlorpromazine. In an open pilot study, 10 patients suffering from negative symptoms in the course of chronic schizophrenia were treated with Zotepine. The efficacy of Zotepine in this indication was evaluated by means of the BPRS and the Andreasen Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Significant improvement could be demonstrated after 3 weeks of treatment. No side effects were observed within the dosage range of 50 to 200 mg per die. These results suggest that Zotepine is useful in the treatment of residual schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Low-dose zotepine in the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia.

Zotepine is new tricyclic neuroleptic with a pharmacological profile comparable to substances such as thioridazine and chlorpromazine. Its chemical structure is related to clozapine and fluperlapine. Ten patients (8 men and 2 women) fulfilling DSM III criteria for residual schizophrenia participated in an open clinical trial that lasted 8 months. The effects of low-dose maintenance therapy with Zotepine were evaluated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Eight patients dropped out of the study within the first 6 months, 5 because of acute psychotic relapse, 3 due to compliance problems. Psychotic relapse appeared to be indicated by increasing BPRS and SANS scores recorded 1 month before relapse. Apart from minor sedation, no side effects, especially none of the extrapyramidal motor type, were observed. Even though Zotepine does not seem to possess sufficient prophylactic properties against psychotic relapse, preliminary results suggest that it might play an important role as a supplement to conventional neuroleptics in the near future.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Results of an open phase II study with zotepine--a new neuroleptic compound.

Zotepine is a new tricyclic neuroleptic with a pharmacological profile comparable to substances such as thioridazine and chlorpromazine. Ten patients fulfilling DSM-III criteria of paranoid schizophrenia were included in an open pilot study at the Department of Psychiatry in Innsbruck. Neuroleptic efficacy, optimal dose, side effects, and the influence on serum prolactin levels were evaluated. Definite onset of antipsychotic action could be demonstrated between days 5-10, and approximately 400 mg/die seems to be an optimal dose. Four patients showed side effects of a minor degree that had no influence on the course of therapy. These results suggest that Zotepine is a rapidly acting neuroleptic with a high benefit-risk ratio. Further double-blind studies will be needed to reinforce these preliminary data.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Activation of the macrophage/lymphocyte system in AIDS, ARC and AIDS risk groups].

Elevated neopterin levels are indicative of activation of the cellular immune system. Studies on excretion of neopterin in patients with AIDS and ARC, as well as in members of risk groups have demonstrated repeated or permanent stimulation of the immune system. This stimulation can be observed in all risk groups independent of LAV/HTLV-III infection. Additionally, in vitro replication of LAV/HTLV-III has been observed to be quantitatively greatest in activated CD4+-lymphocytes. Hence, we conclude that activation of the cellular immune system represents the central cofactor for progressive LAV/HTLV-III infection. These findings seem to contrast with most reports in the literature to date, but observations of other authors corroborate them. As consequence of these studies, therapeutic regimens using immunostimulatory strategies should be prevented in AIDS and ARC patients. Immunosuppressive treatment should be considered.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[HTLV-III in persons with intravenous drug abuse. Correlation of antibodies against HTLV-III with neopterin and TH/TS].

Antibodies against HTLV-III, neopterin levels in blood and urine, TH/TS ratio and hepatitis marker were determined in 34 clinically symptom-free persons known to be intravenous drug abusers. 15 persons were positive in the ELISA and Western-blot tests. There was a strong reaction to protein p24 compared with that to protein p41. In 12 of 14 persons who were antibody-positive the neopterin level in morning urine was elevated; an abnormal TH/TS ratio was present in nine of 13 persons. In future, determination of neopterin and of antibodies against certain proteins of HTLV-III may make it possible to provide a simple way of prognosticating on the course of an HTLV-III infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Fluperlapine vs haloperidol: a comparison of their neuroendocrinological profiles and the influence on serum lipids.

Twelve male patients suffering from acute paranoid schizophrenia, randomly receiving fluperlapine - a new dibenzodiazepine very similar to clozapine - or haloperidol were included in a double blind study. Plasma levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, prolactin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, ACTH and cortisol were determined. There was no evidence, that fluperlapine has any relevant influence on those hypothalamic-pituitary axis mediated hormones with the possible exception of plasma lipids. These findings, together with the clinical experiences, suggest that fluperlapine might have a different mode of action than conventional neuroleptics.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1985

[Depressive syndromes within the scope of schizophrenic psychoses].

In the present study two groups of 30 patients were compared. The first group included 30 acute schizophrenic patients, who were rated immediately after admission and 3 months later under depot-neuroleptics. The second group consisted of chronic schizophrenic outpatients, who were rated at the beginning of Fluphenazindecanoat-medication and 8 months later. As documentation PSE (present state examination) was used. Psychotic symptoms of the acute schizophrenic patients could be influenced well by the treatment, not in the same way, however, depressive and neurotic symptoms. The frequency of psychotic symptoms is lower in chronic schizophrenics than in acute ones at the beginning of therapy. 8 months later there are little more psychotic symptoms in chronic patients than in acute schizophrenics; the depressive symptoms follow the same design in a lower extant however. The scores of depressive symptoms in the acute-group are similar to those of chronic schizophrenics and do not change significantly in the course of 8 months lasting depot-neuroleptic therapy. Another study could show 1982, that 67 outpatients from 87 in the year 1972 still were in psychiatric care and control, 23% of them received antidepressiva because of depressive symptoms in connection with residual syndromes and only 4% because of exhaustion-syndromes after remission of the disease.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1985

[Epidemiology of depression].

The enormous variation in values quoted in the literature concerning the occurrence of depressive diseases is caused by the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. The difficulties of epidemiological research arise from nosological differentiation within the range of depressive diseases, from case identification and case definition. Further problems result from the limiting definitions of depressive disturbances, in respect to variations within the healthy condition on the one hand, and to signs and symptoms of other diseases, on the other hand. Moreover, it is not clear from most of the relevant epidemiological literature whether the investigation of depressive states refers to nosological diagnoses, to descriptive syndromes or to symptoms. We undertook the psychiatric investigation of the entire adult population (1337 in number) of an alpine valley. The comprehensive method of case finding in our seven-year epidemiological field study revealed an incidence of 3.9% of affective psychoses. Hence, the true prevalence rate of endogenous manic-depressive disease seems to lie somewhere between 3 and 4% of the total population. This rate is confirmed by projection of the results of other studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Therapy of acute schizophrenic psychoses--a multidimensional approach].

The concept of "basic discorders" facilitates the developement of more widely differentiated therapy models even for acute forms of schizophrenia. Psychopharmacological, psychotherapeutic and sociotherapeutic aspects are presented in light of a case report. This multidimensional strategy is based on catamnestic and epidemiological results of our own studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Psychiatric diseases in a small Alpine area--an epidemiologic field study].

Studies concerning the distribution of psychiatric diseases within a defined population are of fundamental importance for clinical psychiatry, public health projects and the development of strategies for mental health care. Each of the 1.337 inhabitants of an Alpine valley was psychiatrically recorded within a seven years period. The outcome of the presented field study carried out in a rural Tyrolean region reflects the real psychiatric morbidity. The primary and secondary data collecting indicated relevant psychopathological symptoms in 22,8 percent of the population of this small Alpine area. The given data are terms of reference for the planning of mental health care, and more than that, allow conclusions concerning causes, triggers, courses and consequences of psychiatric diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Psychopathology of organic psychoses with reference to differential diagnostic, epidemiologic and morphologic aspects].

Following a brief discussion of the historical development of the term "Organic Psychosis", detailed consideration is given to the phenomenology and differential diagnosis of this group of diseases. The published epidemiological data is compared to the results of our own study. The cranial CT makes it possible to correlate clinical and morphological findings. In our investigation 72.5% of the patients with severe chronic organic psychosis show considerable brain atrophy. The morphological aspect is a determining factor for the therapeutic measures and for the prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Unusual 'spike-wave stupor' in a patient with manic-depressive psychosis treated with amitriptyline.

'Spike-wave stupor' was observed in a 58-year-old male patient with manic-depressive psychosis. Almost continuous atypical spike-wave activity was seen in conjunction with a stuporous episode with stereotyped automatism. Intravenous diazepam ended both the electroencephalographic epileptiform discharges and the clinical stupor. Before and during this episode the patient was treated with an average-dose amitriptyline monotherapy. There was no family history of epileptic seizures. The patient had had electroconvulsive therapy. The history suggests that the analeptic property of amitriptyline induced the 'spike-wave stupor' in this patient.

Action Potentials↗