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Biomedical subjects

H Heine

Publications and source records attributed to H Heine.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Blood pressure lowering effect of eicosapentaenoic acid-rich diet in normotensive, hypertensive and hyperlipemic subjects.

A mackerel diet or a herring diet in which two cans of fish fillet were consumed daily over 2 weeks within a prescribed regimen, in a crossover design, were given to 15 normotensive volunteers, 14 patients with mild essential hypertension and eight patients with type IV and V hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP). In normotensives a markedly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the end of the period on the mackerel diet could be observed, whereas in hypertensive and hyperlipemic subjects only systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased. After the herring diet, which served as control, changes in blood pressure were of a minor degree.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Influence on serum lipids, lipoproteins and blood pressure of mackerel and herring diet in patients with type IV and V hyperlipoproteinemia.

Eight patients with type IV and V hyperlipoproteinemia were put on a mackerel and herring diet of an isocaloric regimen for 2 weeks, in a cross-over design. At the end of the dietary periods a predominant increase of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA - C20:5, n-3) in cholesterol esters and of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA - C22:6, n-3) in serum triglycerides, being more pronounced after mackerel as compared to herring diet, could be confirmed. After mackerel diet serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly lower, returning to basal levels 3 months later. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol appeared slightly increased after mackerel diet and decreased to initial values thereafter. After herring diet, which contained half as much EPA as compared to mackerel diet, the differences were minor. The decline of free fatty acids (FFA) and insulin at the end of the mackerel period reached the level of significance 60 min and 120 min, respectively, after glucose load. A significantly lower systolic blood pressure in recumbent and upright position after the mackerel period could be found, whereas diastolic pressure and blood pressure after herring diet remained unchanged.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Granulocyte lysosomal factors and plasma elastase in uremia: a potential factor of catabolism.

In uremic intoxication proteolytic activity in plasma and striated muscle is enhanced. To get further insights into the underlying mechanisms the lysosomal factors of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes and the plasma elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex were investigated in patients with acute and chronic renal failure. Lysosomal activity was evaluated in peripheral blood smears by the lysis of erythrocytes and plasma (halo formation) around each neutrophil induced by 0.25 M NaC1 borate buffer. In about half of the patients with chronic renal insufficiency on dietary treatment lysosomal activity of PMN leukocytes was reduced. The plasma concentration of elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex was normal in most subjects, but increased in three patients with the highest serum creatinine levels (greater than 13 mg/d1). In the patients with acute renal failure (ARF) of various origin (postoperatively, septicemia, pancreatitis, or dye-induced) halo formation was either reduced or absent. The plasma elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex was increased in 5/6 of the patients by a factor of two to four. Also in the patients on regular hemodialysis treatment halo formation of PMN leukocytes was substantially reduced, whereas the plasma levels of elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex was slightly increased. The finding of reduced lysosomal activity of PMN neutrophils in uremia may be partly due to an enhanced release of neutral proteinases into the circulation as indicated by the elevated plasma levels of elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex in some patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Release of granulocyte neutral proteinases in patients with acute and chronic renal failure.

In uremic intoxication proteolytic activity in plasma and striated muscle is enhanced. To get further insight into the underlying mechanisms the neutral proteinases of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes were investigated in patients with acute and chronic renal failure. The following studies were performed: 1. Neutral proteolytic activity of PMN neutrophils in blood smears (according to Klessen, 1978). 2. Serum levels of elastase alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor complex (Neumann et al., 1981). In about half of the patients with chronic renal insufficiency on dietary treatment the proteolytic activity of PMN leukocytes (halo formation are due to digestion of erythrocytes and plasma) was reduced. The serum concentration of elastase alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor complex was normal in most subjects, but increased in 3 patients with the highest serum creatinine levels (greater than 13 mg/dl). In the patients with acute renal failure (ARF) of various origin (postoperatively, septicemia, pancreatitis or dye induced) halo formation was either reduced or absent. Serum elastase alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor was increased in 5/6 patients by a factor of two to four. Also in the 15 patients on regular hemodialysis treatment halo formation was substantially reduced, while the serum levels of elastase alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor complex was slightly increased. The finding of reduced proteolytic activity of PMN neutrophils in uremia is probably due to an enhanced release of proteinases into the circulation as indicated by the elevated serum levels of elastase alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor complex in some patients. The release of proteinases might be in part due to the effect of "uremic toxins". In the RDT patients the contact of the blood with the dialyzer (cuprophane) membrane might be an additional factor. In the patients with ARF the underlying disease (infection, shock, trauma) contributes to the release of proteinases. These disturbances may be harmful for the patient, if the blood concentration or function of the most important proteinase inhibitors (alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor, alpha 2 macroglobulin) is reduced.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Decrease of arachidonic acid in phosphatidylcholine from renal medulla of SHR after feeding a linoleic and linolenic acid-rich diet.

Linoleic acid-rich (LAR), linolenic acid-rich (LNAR) and linoleic acid-deficient (LAD) diets in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive rats (NR) resulted in various changes in n-6 and n-3 fatty acids of lipids in renal medulla. After LAR diets the percentage of linoleic (LA) and arachidonic acids (AA) was high only in triglycerides (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA). In phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) LA was increased after LAR diet, whereas AA remained unchanged. In phosphatidylcholine (PC) LA was higher, but AA appeared lower as compared to LAD fed SHR. After LNAR diet linolenic (LNA) and eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) were increased, but AA appeared significantly lower. Consequently, the lowest percentage of AA was found after LNAR diet. Blood pressure could not be influenced by the diets.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Clinical studies on lipid and blood pressure lowering effect of eicosa-pentaenoic acid-rich diet.

15 volunteers were put on a mackerel (MD) and herring diet (HD) for 2 weeks in a cross-over design. At the end of the dietary periods eicosa-pentaenoic acid (EPA) was predominantly incorporated into cholesterol esters (CE), whereas docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) appeared more in triglycerides (TG). This was more pronounced after MD as compared to HD. After MD a significant decrease of serum TG, total cholesterol (C) and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activity could be observed returning to the initial levels 3 months later. After HD only a decrease of LCAT was significant. In addition, a marked decrease in blood pressure (BP) was associated with lower plasma noradrenaline levels after MD, but not after HD. In 14 patients with mild essential hypertension an enhanced percentage of EPA and DHA in the lipids of VLDL, LDL and HDL could be confirmed. After MD serum TG, C, LDL-C and LCAT were significantly decreased, whereas HDL-C appeared increased. After HD the changes were of minor degree. Systolic BP was significantly lower at the end of MD. In 8 patients with type IV and V hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) similar changes could be seen, the most striking finding being a fall in serum TG, especially if initial values were extraordinarily high. The data suggest a beneficial effect of MD on several parameters known as risk factors of atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Fibronectin--a plasmin-sensitive glycoprotein of the transit zone: protection by aprotinin.

Intravascular and extravascular fibronectin represents an essential "early information-transmitting" molecule of the transit zone. It appears to play a part especially in the flow of information provoked by sympathetic reactions (every form of stress), which is associated with a rise in plasmin levels. The rapid proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin by plasmin alters the composition of the ground substance, hence its informational contents. This is transmitted to the glycocalyx of affected cells, provoking a reaction typical of those particular cells. When a stress goes beyond the physiological margin of tolerance, an excessive break-down of fibronectin quickly ensues so that the transit zone will transmit faulty information. It has been demonstrated on human and animal tissue that initial use of the potent plasmin inhibitor aprotinin (Trasylol) can provide a selective protection of fibronectin and, consequently, of the transit zone. Clinical results obtained in patients with multiple injuries corroborate this observation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Morphological and functional aspects of heart homograft adaptation to hamster cheek pouch. Spontaneous pulsatile activity and ultrastructure.

Atrial homografts from newborn hamsters, transplanted into cheek pouches of adult Syrian golden hamsters, were studied using intravital and electron microscopy. Half of the transplants survived up to 1 year, performing spontaneous pulsatile activity. The transplants could be influenced by beta-receptor activating or blocking substances applied intravenously to the host animal. For morphological analysis homografts were taken 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. Irregular arrangement of the myofibers occurred, and the T system was seen to be replaced by plasmalemmal and sub-plasmalemmal vesiculations. There was some evidence for hypoxia in the grafts. Dedifferentiation of atrial cardiocytes, somehow resembling smooth muscle cells, is discussed. Despite these morphological changes the specific contractile function of the grafts was preserved.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

An evaluation of coronary regulation by the 99mTc bolus technique.

A new non-invasive method for investigating total coronary blood supply is presented. This method is based on the principle of indicator dilution of a radio-nuclide bolus (99Tc), requiring a scintillation camera with high sensitivity and high picture resolution. The first findings obtained from 83 patients are shown. With 4.61 +/- 1.19% of cardiac output the mean values of the rates of coronary perfusion obtained at rest in subjects with a normal heart differed significantly from those obtained for patients with certain coronary occlusions (8.18 +/- 3.99% of cardiac output) and from those obtained for hypertensive patients (Stages I-III). Double examinations carried out on 20 patients yielded an adequate reproducibility. The mean deviation of the double examinations from one another was 16%.

Adult↗