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Biomedical subjects

H Harada

Publications and source records attributed to H Harada.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The permeability of capillaries in the eustachian tube mucosa.

The transendothelial passage of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and diffusion of HRP into the pericapillary space, injected intravenously into cats, was studied at the light and electron microscopic level in the mucosa of the eustachian tube. The permeability of capillaries in the pharyngeal two-thirds of the tube was higher than in the tympanic one-third though all the subepithelial capillaries were of the continuous type. In the lamina propria of the subepithelium in the pharyngeal two-thirds much HRP was found 10 min after its intravenous injection, but in the tympanic one-third, it was absent in the perivascular spaces. The capillaries of the pharyngeal two-thirds had many projections and marginal folds inside the capillary lumen and large pinocytotic vacuoles containing HRP as well as many micropinocytotic vesicles. On the other hand, the capillaries in the tympanic one-third had many micropinocytotic vesicles too, but only a few large pinocytotic vacuoles.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Early post-treatment with pentoxifylline or dibutyryl cAMP attenuates Escherichia coli-induced acute lung injury in guinea pigs.

We examined effects of early post-treatment with the methylxanthine pentoxifylline (PTXF), or the cell-permeable adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) analog dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP) on Escherichia-coli-induced acute lung injury in guinea pigs. Acute lung injury was assessed by measurements of lung water (lung wet/dry weight ratio; W/D ratio), the concentration ratio of 125I-albumin in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue compared with plasma (albumin index; BAL-AI or tissue-AI), and total differential leukocyte count in BAL fluid. Mean arterial pressure (Pa) and peripheral WBC counts were monitored continuously over the 8-h experiment. Septicemia was induced by a bolus injection of 2 x 10(9)/kg live E. coli. Thirty minutes later the animals received a bolus injection followed by continuous infusion of PTXF (20 mg/kg + 20 mg/kg/h; n = 8) or db-cAMP (2 mg/kg + 2 mg/kg/h; n = 8) or saline (septic control; n = 8). Nonseptic control groups were also studied. The lung W/D ratio, BAL-AI, lung tissue-AI, and BAL leukocyte count increased significantly in the septic control group. The PTXF-septic and db-cAMP-septic groups showed no significant increase in lung W/D ratio, BAL-AI, and lung tissue-AI. However, there was no difference in BAL total and differential leukocyte count as compared with the septic control group. PTXF and db-cAMP had no effect on E. coli-induced changes in peripheral WBC count and Pa. Comparison in vitro experiments demonstrated that PTXF and db-cAMP inhibited the endotoxin-induced (E. coli) chemiluminescent response of isolated guinea-pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Reactivity of mucin-specific lectin from Sambucus sieboldiana with simple sugars, normal mucins and tumor-associated mucins. Comparison with other lectins.

Mucin-specific lectin from Sambucus sieboldiana (SSA-M) reacts in Western blotting and ELISA with mucins from porcine stomach, bovine and ovine submaxillary glands, the human milk fat globule membrane, in vitro human ovarian, breast and colonic tumor cell lines, and mucins produced in vivo in the ascites of patients with endometrial and ovarian tumors, but not with fetal bovine fetuin or human transferrin. Sialidase treatment of these mucins led to an increase in the binding of SSA-M, suggesting that sialic acid is not part of the binding site for this lectin. Furthermore, sialic acid did not inhibit lectin binding. Treatment of asialomucin with O-glycanase decreased the binding of SSA-M, confirming the reactivity of the lectin with an O-linked carbohydrate. Treatment of mucins with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, which removes all but core carbohydrate, led to an increase in the binding of SSA-M, suggesting that the lectin reacts with O-linked core glycans. Indeed, the increased reactivity after sialidase treatment of ovine submaxillary mucin suggests the lectin reacts with peptide-linked N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), since more than 98% of the glycan chains attached to this mucin are sialylated GalNAc. The binding of SSA-M to sialidase-treated porcine mucin was inhibited strongly by GalNAc and disaccharides containing galactose (lactose, melibiose, and N-acetyllactosamine) but not by free galactose (Gal), suggesting that the glycan for optimum binding is Gal beta(1-3)GalNAc. This pattern of inhibition was different to other core glycan-reactive lectins tested, indicating that SSA-M is distinct, and should be of use in the isolation and characterisation of mucins and O-linked glycans.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Specific IgE, IgG and IgG4 antibodies against house dust mite in patients with bronchial asthma.

Serum levels of total IgE, specific IgE, IgG and IgG4 against house dust mite were measured in mite-sensitive asthma patients receiving immunotherapy with house dust. Serum levels of total IgE, mite specific IgE and IgG did not significantly change during the course of hyposensitization. Increased levels of mite specific IgG4 were observed in patients during immunotherapy. The increase in specific IgG4 was dependent on the total dose of house dust administered in both children (r = 0.636, p less than 0.001) and adults (r = 0.629, p less than 0.01). However, the increase of specific IgG4 in adults was not as apparent as in children. These results might suggest that mite specific IgG4 is a useful immunological marker in the immunotherapy for allergic asthma, and that IgG4 antibody acts as a blocking antibody in atopic bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Analysis of the mechanism of graft-versus-host-like disease in B6 mice with transferred B6-lpr spleen cells.

Irradiated C57BL/6(B6) mice, when they were injected with spleen cells of C57BL/6J-lpr/lpr(B6-lpr) mice, developed splenomegaly at 2 weeks post-transfer, but afterward displaced by GVH-like disease. At 2 weeks the enlarged spleen in the chimeric mice, designated as [B6-lpr----B6] chimera, contained about 70% of the total cell population as CD8-positive T cells. Spleen cells from [B6-lpr----B6] chimeras were unresponsive to Con A and LPS stimulation and suppressed the mitogenic response of B6, B6-lpr, and C3H spleen cells to Con A. However, they had no cytotoxic activity towards Con A blasts of B6 and B6-lpr spleen cells. The suppressor activity found in the [B6-lpr----B6] spleen cells was removed by pretreatment of them with anti-Thy-1.2 or anti-CD8(Lyt2.2) plus complement. The present experiment showed that enormous proliferation of CD8-positive suppressor T cells was induced in the [B6-lpr----B6] chimeras. These cells were probably responsible for the GVH-like lymphoid atrophy observed in these [B6-lpr----B6] chimeras.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Aging and exocrine pancreatic function evaluated by the recently standardized secretin test].

The authors studied the relationship between aging and exocrine pancreatic function by the secretin test which was recently standardized by the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology. Pancreatic juice was collected at 10 min intervals for 60 minutes after a bolus intravenous injection of secretin (Secrepan, Eisai Co., Ltd., 100 U/body) through a quadruple-lumen doudenal tube equipped with double balloons. Exocrine pancreatic function was evaluated by three parameters: secretory volume, maximal bicarbonate concentration or bicarbonate output, and enzyme (amylase and lipase) output. Control subjects consisted of 65 outpatients presenting with mild vague abdominal symptoms who fulfilled the following three criteria: 1) good general condition with no known diseases; 2) no abnormality in the liver, bile duct, pancreas, kidney and metabolism judged from blood chemistry, urine and stool analysis, upper GI series, abdominal ultrasonography (US), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP); 3) alcohol consumption less than 25 g/day. Control subjects were divided into three groups: 15 subjects below 40 years of age (group A), 32 subjects from 40 to 65 years (group B), and 18 subjects of 65 years and above (group C). Nineteen patient with chronic pancreatitis were also studied. The group C showed significantly lower values in secretory volume, bicarbonate output, and enzyme output than group A and B. Enzyme output showed a gradual decrease with aging. However, secretory volume and bicarbonate output showed a gentle convex curve with a peak around age 40 and a rather steep down-slope after late 50s. The degree of the decrease was significantly more marked in volume and bicarbonate output than in enzyme output in group C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Accumulation of tri-n-butyltin chloride and triphenyltin chloride by oral and via gill intake of goldfish (Carassius auratus).

1. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) of both chemicals via gill intake of goldfish reached plateaux after 21 days of exposure. The average BCF values of Bu3SnCl and Ph3SnCl (N = 2) were 1976 and 1384, respectively, after 21-28 days of exposure. 2. The BCF values by oral intake of goldfish reached plateaux after 28 days for Bu3SnCl but did not for Ph3SnCl. The BCF values of Bu3SnCl and Ph3SnCl were 0.04 and 0.10, respectively, after 35 days. 3. The order of the BCF values via gill intake was reversed compared with that by oral intake. Further, the contamination of freshwater fish by these compounds was discussed using the results of these experiments.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Modeling and simulation on the appearance of peak value of breath alcohol concentration after various drinking methods].

In this paper, we try to estimate directly the time variations and the peak values of the breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) after drinking. First, the time variations of the BrAC is applied to the impulse response models of the 2nd order lag + time delay and the 3rd order lag. The Dirac's Delta functions are used to investigate the difference between drinking directly and out of a cup in many times. The relationship between the appearance of the peak value as time increases and the various drinking methods (i.e., quantity or interval) is discussed by using these models, and the results is confirmed experimentally. According to the simulation results, the appearance of the peak value of the BrAC depends on the various drinking methods considerably. Provided the parameters of these models are known in advance, time variations of the BrAC can be predicted immediately. Lastly, these results might be use in practice to reduce the risk of traffic accidents and maintenance of health.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in the megakaryocyte-platelet system in chronic neutrophilic leukemia].

Platelet functions and morphological changes of megakaryocytes were investigated in three cases with chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL). The bleeding time was prolonged, the ADP, collagen, epinephrine-induced aggregation of platelets decreased in one case. The adhesiveness, epinephrine-induced aggregation and adenine nucleotide content of platelets decreased in one other case. Megakaryocyte size in CNL was larger than in CML and this difference of the megakaryocyte sizes was related to DNA content distribution of the megakaryocytes. Atypical megakaryocytes were apparently found in one case. The present study suggests that CNL is a stem cell disorder.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of EGF and retinoic acid on differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma cells].

Using monoclonal antibody, G6K12, a novel differentiation marker of keratinocyte, we examined the effect of EGF and retinoic acid on the differentiation of SCC-25, a cell line established from human squamous cell carcinoma. EGF inhibited the expression of cell-surface differentiation marker in low cell-density, but not in high cell-density. Retinoic acid (more than 10(-8) M) inhibited the expression of the antigens. The terminal differentiation of SCC-25 cells occurred at the condition of high cell density. These results obtained demonstrate that EGF and retinoic acid inhibit the terminal differentiation of SCC-25 cells, and that the cell density is the important factor for the commitment of the terminal differentiation.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1991

[Renal-sparing procedures in the management of renal arteriovenous fistula].

Five cases of renal arteriovenous fistula which were treated by renal-sparing procedures are reported. Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed in three cases of circoid type arteriovenous fistula. Gross hematuria stopped immediately after the treatment in these three cases. Another two patients, whose arteriovenous fistula were aneurysmal type, were treated by ligation of the feeding artery. Although there were no symptoms after the surgery, the follow-up renal arteriography revealed the residue of a small amount of arteriovenous fistula in one of the aneurysmal type cases. We suggest that the renal arteriovenous fistula be classified into circoid type and aneurysmal type in the diagnosis for the appropriate treatment of renal arteriovenous fistula. It is important to select the renal-sparing procedure according to the type of renal arteriovenous fistula.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical repair of descending aortic aneurysms--experience in 100 patients under partial cardiopulmonary bypass].

Between 1975 and 1986, 100 consecutive patients with aneurysms of the descending thoracic (84 cases) or the thoracoabdominal aorta (16 cases) underwent surgical repair. Intraluminal graft inclusion procedure was employed in principle under routine circulatory support with partial cardiopulmonary bypass. In this study, overall surgical results were reviewed, and multiple factors discriminately contributing to early results were assessed using multivariate analysis (quantification theory type II) to determine if this therapeutic modality is pertinent. Fifty-five patients had non-dissecting, 42 had dissecting aneurysms and 3 had pseudoaneurysms. Seventeen patients were treated in the emergency setting. Perioperative or early deaths occurred in 14 patients. Mortality increased with advanced age (greater than 70 years) and with atherosclerotic aneurysms, especially when they involved the entire thoracic or thoracoabdominal aorta. Operative mortality during the last 5 years of the study was 9.3%: significantly lower than the figure in the first 5 years of 28% (p = 0.0198). The incidence of renal dysfunction (7.4%) or paraplegia (2.1%) was not related to aortic cross-clamp time, and both were markedly decreased to 3.8% and 0.0%, respectively, when the cases of thoracoabdominal aneurysms were excluded. There were 8 cases of exploration for postoperative hemorrhage and 6 cases of pulmonary insufficiency requiring more than 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Prolonged bypass time was a discriminative risk factor for these two complications. Cerebral vascular accidents developed in 5 patients, three of them terminated in death. In spite of partial bypass, the factors of advanced age, atherosclerosis, and cross-clamp on the aortic arch were defined responsible for brain stroke.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical and cytological features of acute myelogenous leukemia with 8; 21 chromosome translocation].

Eight cases of acute myelogenous leukemia with (8; 21) translocation were reported. As recently reported, they showed following features: M2 morphology in FAB classification (all 8 patients), abnormal granulocyte maturation, i.e. large granules and pseudo Pelger-Huet forms (5), Auer rods (8), occasional eosinophilia (2), frequent loss of one sex chromosome (5), the low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity (5), and tumor formation (one). Both CD13 and CD33 antigens were expressed on smaller number of leukemic cells than the other AML (M2) cells, whereas CD34 and HLA-DR antigens were expressed on higher number of cells. Interestingly CD19 antigen was detected on a small to large population of tumor cells from four out of six patients. Despite the high remission rate, many of them relapsed within one year. More intensive postinduction and maintenance therapy should be considered for those patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A successful surgical treatment of impending rupture of the thoracoabdominal aneurysm in the aged].

In a case with impending rupture of the thoracoabdominal aneurysm of a 78-year-old aged who was admitted to our hospital as chief complaints of dysphagia, sense of pressure in the thoracic region and bloody sputum, resection of the aneurysm and patch graft aortoplasty were carried out with the aid of partial cardiopulmonary bypass. The maximum diameter of the aneurysm was 12 cm, and adhered partially with lung, and a very thin ejected region of the wall was noted. Enlargement of the saccular aneurysm in the false lumen of the dissecting aortic aneurysm accompanying with massive mural thrombus was noted. The patch graft aortoplasty was performed because back bleeding from four sets of intercostal arteries (Th 9-Th 12) was remarkably noted. The postoperative course was uncomplicated, and dysphagia was disappeared without paraplegia. This case is considered to be the oldest one who was undergone the the thoracoabdominal aneurysm in our country.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[A case of left ventricular rhabdomyoma in a child].

A three-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital for surgical treatment of cardiac tumor. At three days after birth, ECG showed bradycardia about 70/min. UCG revealed intracardiac tumor in left ventricle. During operation, the tumor was detected by intraoperative UCG. Left ventricle was opened and tumor was removed from interventricular septum. Histological examination revealed rhabdomyoma. Postoperative course was uneventful and she is doing well.

Child, Preschool↗