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Biomedical subjects

H Harada

Publications and source records attributed to H Harada.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Gangliocytic paraganglioma of the papilla of Vater with regional lymph node metastasis.

We report a case of duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma (GP) in a 47-yr-old man. The GP arose in the second portion of the duodenum and was shown by histological examination to consist of epithelioid cells, spindle cells, and ganglion-like cells. Although most of the reported cases of GP have been regarded as benign, in the present case we found that a lymph node in the peripancreatic region contained a metastatic tumor. This is believed to be the third documented case of GP showing regional lymph node metastasis. The metastatic tumor consisted of only epithelioid cells, without spindle cells or ganglion-like cells, supporting the hypothesis that only epithelioid cells have malignant potential.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1992

[A successful surgical treatment of ascending aortic aneurysm, left common carotid artery aneurysm and left subclavian artery obstruction due to aortitis syndrome in active phase].

A 24-year-old female was admitted complaining of coldness of left upper extremity and pulsating tumor of the neck. She was diagnosed as ascending aortic aneurysm, left common carotid artery aneurysm and left subclavian artery obstruction due to aortitis syndrome on examinations. Although steroid treatment appeared to be effective in controlling inflammatory reaction, the left common carotid artery aneurysm increased in size and severe neck pain started. The risk of rupture was feared, and surgical intervention was carried out in spite of aortitis in active phase. The patient underwent surgery where aneurysmectomy and graft replacement for ascending aortic aneurysm, aneurysmectomy and graft replacement using autogenous saphenous vein for left common carotid artery aneurysm and bypass grafting for left subclavian artery obstruction were performed. The histology of resected specimens of aortic wall showed active aortitis. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on steroid.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical and molecular biological study of Ph positive acute leukemia: comparison with blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia and Ph negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Eight cases of Philadelphia positive acute leukemia (Ph+AL) were compared with 13 cases of Ph+ chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis (BC) and 10 cases of Ph negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-ALL) based on the clinical and molecular biological findings. Distinguishing clinical features were a high leukocyte count (median; 147.9 x 10(3)/microliters) for Ph+AL, and a high incidence of tumor formation and basophilia for BC. A cytogenetic study demonstrated the disappearance or marked reduction of Ph+ metaphases in Ph+AL in remission, while Ph+ cells persisted in BC. The major bcr gene was not rearranged in 4 Ph+AL cases, whereas it was found rearranged in 4 other cases of Ph+ AL and 6 cases of BC. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique demonstrated the presence of minor bcr/abl mRNA in the former three cases, and major bcr/abl mRNA in the latter 4 cases. Remission rates were 63% for Ph+AL, 38% for BC, and 100% for Ph-ALL, and the 50% survival were 12, 5 and 29 months, respectively. It was concluded that Ph+AL can be differentiated from BC by a marked reduction of Ph+ cells at remission, and that the prognosis of Ph+AL is better than BC, but worse than Ph-ALL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

cAMP activates Cl-/HCO-3 exchange for regulation of intracellular pH in renal epithelial cells.

The role of cAMP in regulation of intracellular pH in the confluent LLC-PK1 cells was investigated. DibutyrylcAMP and forskolin induce intracellular acidification. This acidification is inhibited by DIDS and ethacrynic acid, inhibitors of Na(+)-independent Cl-/HCO3- exchange, and by removal of extracellular Cl-. In addition, Bt2 cAMP causes Cl- entry into LLC-PK1 cells. These results suggest that cAMP activates Cl- transport, namely Na(+)-independent Cl-/HCO3- exchange, which participates in pHi regulation.

4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid↗
PubMed1991

[Qualitative assessment of centrilobular emphysema using computed tomography].

The ability of computed tomography (CT) in the qualitative assessment of centrilobular emphysema (CLE) was studied, with special reference to the morphological relationship between emphysematous change and relatively large bronchovascular bundle forming the margin of secondary pulmonary lobule. Three autopsied lobes with mild, moderate and severe CLE were fixed by the method of Heitzman. Then high resolution CT (HRCT) was applied to those inflation-fixed lobes, which allowed for direct one-to-one pathologic correlation. Furthermore, HRCT findings of these clinical cases with emphysema were analysed. Emphysematous change in CLE was observed as low-attenuation area (LAA) within the homogeneous background on Ct images. In mild and moderate cases, LAA's were round or oval in shape, however in severe case they were observed to be irregular in shape. The border between LAA and parenchyma was not clearly defined, however in severe case LAA was found to be bordered partially or rather subtotally by the bronchovascular bundle. In mild and moderate cases, LAA's were observed to be distant from relatively large bronchovascular bundle. On the other hand, in severe case, only a small amount of lung parenchyma was left between LAA and bronchovascular bundle. These findings correspond to morphologic characteristics of CLE, that is, the process of emphysematous change tends to take place in the center of the secondary lobule, and even if the lobe is severely destroyed, some portion of the peripheral acinus is still preserved at lobular margin. Thus, CT can help to identify the presence of CLE. Furthermore, CT scan analysis of severe grade emphysema may lead to the differentiation between CLE and panlobular emphysema.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Allelotype study of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Accumulation of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes transforms a normal cell to a malignant cell by allowing it to escape from normal control of growth. In order to learn (a) how many tumor suppressor genes are involved in the tumor progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, (b) whether there is any association among allelic losses of chromosomes, or (c) whether integration of hepatitis B virus into host DNA influences any particular chromosomal losses, we have examined loss of heterozygosity with 44 restriction fragment length polymorphism markers in 46 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. The markers represented all chromosomal arms except 5p, 8p, 9p, 18p, and acrocentric chromosomes. Allelic losses in tumors indicated that five tumor suppressor genes, located on chromosomes 5q, 10q, 11p, 16q, and 17p, may be involved in this cancer. However, no significant associations were observed among the various allelic losses or between the integration of hepatitis B virus and chromosomal losses. Furthermore, a deletion map for chromosome 16q indicated the localization of a tumor suppressor gene between q22 and q24 and that for chromosome 17p suggested the existence of a second tumor suppressor gene in addition to the p53 gene.

Alleles↗
PubMed1991

Increased selectivity in the detection of glycoproteins on nitrocellulose membranes by washing with sodium hydroxide solution.

We increased selectivity in the detection of glycoproteins on nitrocellulose membranes by introducing a washing step using sodium hydroxide solution. Glycoproteins on the nitrocellulose membrane were first oxidized by sodium periodate; biotin hydrazide was then coupled to the aldehyde groups generated in the sugar moiety of the glycoproteins. The membrane was washed twice using sodium hydroxide solution, and avidin-horseradish peroxidase was then coupled to the remaining biotin. This system allows the detection of nanograms of glycoproteins on nitrocellulose membranes, and its specificity allows the clear distinction of glycoproteins from the nonglycosylated protein of bovine serum albumin.

Collodion↗
PubMed1991

Clinical trial with a protease inhibitor gabexate mesilate in acute pancreatitis.

To evaluate whether early administration of protease inhibitors could improve mortality and morbidity in acute pancreatitis (AP), we made a retrospective analysis of 23 patients with severe AP and 88 with mild to moderate AP who were treated in our institute and four affiliated medical centers during the 10-y period from 1980 to 1990. Intravenous infusion of a protease inhibitor, Gabexate Mesilate (FOY), was started within 24 h from onset of AP (early administration) in 17 patients with severe AP and 51 with mild to moderate AP. The remaining patients were put on FOY later than 24 h from onset of AP (late administration). Comparison of the mortality and morbidity between the two groups, early vs late administration of FOY, led to the following conclusions: (1) Early administration of FOY significantly improved mortality (29.4 vs 83.3%) in severe AP, although the improvement in mortality was not directly proportional to the shortening of the time lag between the onset of AP and the start of FOY, and (2) earlier administration of FOY brought about significantly earlier recovery of abdominal pain, hyperamylasemia, and leucocytosis in mild to moderate AP.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Possible involvement of lignin structure in anti-influenza virus activity.

Commercial lignins suppressed the growth of influenza A virus infecting MDCK cells, and the RNA-dependent RNA synthesis, as efficiently as the high-molecular weight fractions extracted from pine cone of Pinus parviflora Sieb. et Zucc. The anti-influenza A virus activity of both pine cone extract and commercial alkali-lignin was considerably reduced by treatment with sodium chlorite, but was not affected by sulfuric acid or trifluoroacetic acid. The degraded components of lignin, various synthesized polyphenols unrelated to lignin, and natural and chemically modified glucans, were not appreciably inhibitory. The data suggest that the polymerized phenolic structure of lignified materials is responsible for the anti-influenza A virus activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Assignment of the human interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) gene to chromosome 5q23-q31.

It has been shown that a nuclear factor, interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1), plays a key role in the regulation of the type I interferon (IFN) system by affecting the transcription of type I IFN and some IFN-inducible genes. In this study, the human IRF1 gene was mapped to chromosome 5 by analysis of mouse-human somatic cell hybrids. Furthermore, by linkage analysis based on RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), the gene was localized to chromosome 5q23-q31, the region that has been termed "critical" for some myeloid disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Purification and immunohistochemical detection of an embryogenic cell protein in carrot.

An embryogenic cell protein from carrot (Daucus carota L.), designated ECP31 for embryogenic cell protein and with a relative mass of 31,000, was purified by sequential column chromatographies. Its apparent relative mass was estimated to be 120,000 by gel filtration. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemical studies showed that ECP31 was preferentially localized in the peripheral cells of clusters of embryogenic cells in the presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and disappeared during the course of somatic embryogenesis in the absence of 2,4-D. ECP31 began to accumulate on the 33rd day after initiation of cultures of hypocotyl segments on Murashige-Skoog medium with 2,4-D, when callus began to appear on the segments. In dry seeds, lower amounts of ECP31 were located throughout the entire zygotic embryos but not in endosperm. ECP31 was also detected in provascular tissue of malformed somatic embryos.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Binding form of pollen mother cell protein in the nucleosomes of lily.

We have previously reported the existence of pollen mother cell nuclear protein (PMCP) which appears during microsporogenesis in lily (Lilium spesiosum). It is very similar to mammalian testis specific H1 histone, H1t. In this paper, we describe the PMCP distribution in lily nucleosomes. Isolated nuclei were treated with micrococcal nuclease, and template active and inactive chromatin fractions were prepared. The nucleosome repeat length of pollen mother cells was determined to be 210 base pairs. The majority of the PMCP was found in the template inactive chromatin fraction, similar to other histones. PMCP was contained in the nucleosome monomer, but not in the core particle. However, PMCP was mainly found in the nucleosome dimer when slightly digested. Salt extraction from isolated nuclei indicated that PMCP and H1 histone share similar binding affinities to DNA. Judging from our results, it seems probable that PMCP links two core particles more strongly than H1 histone does. Since it is known that meiotic chromatin includes nick transferase and nuclease activity, one possible role of PMCP is the protection of its own chromatin. Other possible functions of PMCP are also discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Study on nonspecific immunity in pregnant women: II. Effect of hormones on chemiluminescence response of peripheral blood phagocytes.

To analyze the mechanisms of increased nonspecific immunity in pregnant women, the effect of various hormones on the phagocytic activity was estimated by a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) response during phagocytosing opsonized zymosan. The CL response of whole blood supplemented with exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) increased significantly in all the male and female subjects and pregnant women. An approximate two- to fourfold increase was observed in comparison with the unsupplemented control in each subject at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1,000 IU/ml after 48 h of incubation (P less than 0.05). Progesterone slightly stimulated the CL response in female subjects only, but had no effect on male and pregnant women. Estradiol (E2) did not stimulate the CL response in any subject. The expression of Fc and C3b receptors on the surface of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) in pregnant women was also investigated by measuring the immunofluorescence stained with monoclonal antibody to Fc and C3b receptors, respectively. The relative numbers of Fc receptors increased significantly in the third trimester compared to those of female control (P less than 0.05). Those of C3b receptor also increased in the second and third trimester (P less than 0.005). These results suggested that the nonspecific immunity represented by phagocytic activity in pregnant women increased with both oxidative metabolic responsiveness and the expression of membrane receptors. Besides, the increased phagocytic activity of the maternal host is probably due to the stimulatory effect of both endogenous and exogenous hCG on their peripheral blood phagocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative studies on immunogenicity of Chinese hamster ovary cell derived HB vaccine and plasma derived HB vaccine].

Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell derived HB vaccine (CDV) and plasma derived HB vaccine (PDV) were separately given to two groups of 131 and 112 medical stuff subjected, and both the anti-HBs responses were observed for 24 months from the time of first injection. The anti-HBs positive rate at the 7th month was 97% (mean geometric anti-HBs concentration 588 IU/L) in CDV group and 78% (83 IV/L) in PDV group, and the positive rate and mean titer of anti-HBs were always higher for 24 months in CDV group. The differences were remarkable between both the subjects aged over 40 years. The decreasing curves of the anti-HBs titer in the two groups were almost parallel; accordingly, the protective efficacy was estimated to be far longer in CDV. Also, the rate of non-responder was less lower (2.8%) in CDV group than that (15.2%) in PDV group. Above results show that CDV has a higher immunogenicity than PDV.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Discrimination of hepatitis C virus in liver tissues from different patients with hepatocellular carcinomas by direct nucleotide sequencing of amplified cDNA of the viral genome.

We investigated the presence of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome in liver tissues of eight different patients with hepatocellular carcinoma by using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. RNA was extracted separately from cancerous and peripheral noncancerous portions of the liver tissues of each patient. For reverse transcriptase PCR, we used sets of primers derived either from nonstructural region 3 (the NS3 region) or from the nucleocapsid-envelope (C/E) region of the HCV genome. The nucleotide sequences of the amplimers were directly determined without subcloning. Of 16 samples tested, cDNA of the HCV genome was detected in 2 cancerous tissues and in 4 noncancerous tissues by either pair of primers. Nucleotide sequences of HCV cDNA fragments amplified from cancerous and peripheral noncancerous tissues from the same patients were identical. However, 4.4 to 6.3% and 7.5 to 11.3% sequence variation was observed in NS3 and C/E regions, respectively, among cDNA fragments from different patients. The result indicated that the HCV genome detected in a given patient is distinguishable from that in others by a simple direct nucleotide sequencing of the reverse transcriptase PCR products.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Organization of the murine and human interleukin-7 receptor genes: two mRNAs generated by differential splicing and presence of a type I-interferon-inducible promoter.

To better understand the regulation of interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) expression, we have pursued a detailed analysis of the structure of the murine and human IL-7R genes. The genes consist of eight exons, the sizes of which are conserved in mouse and human cells, spread out over 24 kbp (murine) and 19 kbp (human). A differential splicing event results in an mRNA encoding a secreted form of the human IL-7R gene. Primer extension and S1 nuclease analysis show a single transcriptional start site for the murine IL-7R gene. The 5'-flanking region of the murine IL-7R gene contains TATA- and CAAT-like sequences. The promoter region also contains a functional interferon regulatory element, to which the interferon-induced nuclear factors IRF-1 and IRF-2 are capable of binding and which is able to confer interferon-inducible expression on a heterologous gene. There are also potential binding sites for the transcription factors AP-1 and AP-2 as well as multiple glucocorticoid response elements. A fusion gene containing 2.5 kb of murine IL-7R 5' regulatory sequence linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene directed expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity in murine pre-B-cell line 70Z/3 but not in the mouse fibroblast cell line NIH 3T3. Comparison of the murine and human IL-7R exon/intron boundaries with those of other hematopoietin receptor superfamily members whose exon/intron boundaries are also known reveals a conserved evolutionary structure.

Amino Acid Sequence↗