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Biomedical subjects

H Haga

Publications and source records attributed to H Haga.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid. A clinical study of twenty-two cases.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the thyroid gland is a rare disease. In the present study, the survival rate and characteristics were retrospectively analyzed in 22 patients with stage IE and IIE thyroid NHL treated with radiotherapy with or without combination chemotherapy. Seventeen NHL had histological evidence of lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. The 5-year survival rate was 85% in all patients, with 100% and 63% respectively, for stage IE and stage IIE patients. The highly significant factor correlated with decreased determinate survival was concomitant stridor.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[An examination of two reporting methods of falls among the elderly living in the community].

This study examined the concordance of two reporting methods for falls (3 month and 12 month recall) experienced by elderly living in a rural community. Four interview surveys on the occurrence of falls over a 3 month period were conducted from 1992 to 1993 every three months. In the final interview, subjects were also asked about the occurrence of falls during the past 12 months. A total of 799 subjects (270 men, 529 women) aged 65 and over, living in a village of Niigata Prefecture, responded to all four surveys. The incidence of falls in one year was 19.0% by the 3 month recall, and 19.1% by the 12 month recall. Overall agreement of fall occurrence between the two methods was 98.9%, and a coefficient of kappa as a measure of concordance was 0.96. On the other hand, subjects who sustained injuries during falls reported in the 3 month reporting did not necessarily recall having a fall when interviewed at the end of the study. In any case, this study reveals that for surveying falls by the elderly living in the community a 1 year recall is a reliable method, because of the high agreement of fall occurrence when comparing the two methods.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1995

Induction of Fas-mediated apoptosis in p53-transfected human colon carcinoma cells.

To investigate the biological function of p53 in colon carcinoma cells, a wild-type p53 expression plasmid under the control of the human cytomegalovirus promoter was stably transfected into the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line WiDr, which carries a mutation of the p53 gene at codon 273. Exogenous wild-type p53 transcripts were detected at various expression levels in 8 of 117 G418-resistant clones. The growth rates of the wild-type p53+ clones in culture did not change significantly. The efficiency of colony formation in soft agar, however, was completely suppressed in two wild-type p53+ clones. This is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of stable transfection of the wild-type p53 gene under the control of non-inducible promoter in human colon cancer cells. The major alteration found was that wild-type p53+ cells which were incubated with anti-Fas IgM showed marked cytolysis with preferential over-expression of wild-type p53 accompanied by overexpression of a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, WAF1, whereas the endogenous mutant p53 retained its expression level. The findings suggest that a Fas-initiated pathway is incidentally linked to a p53-dependent apoptotic pathway through the reconstituted wild-type p53 gene in WiDr cells. This model should help elucidating the additional role of the p53 tumor suppressor gene and the mechanism of apoptosis in colon carcinoma cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Alternative splicing of the neurofibromatosis 1 gene correlates with growth patterns and neuroendocrine properties of human small-cell lung-carcinoma cells.

Two distinct transcripts, type I and type II, of the neurofibromatosis I (NFI) gene are generated by alternative splicing in the region corresponding to the gene's GTPase-activating protein-related domain (GRD). Relative expression levels of these 2 transcripts were previously correlated to neural differentiation. Since small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) often exhibits neuroendocrine properties, we analyzed the type-I to type-II mRNA ratio in 15 SCLC cell lines, using reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction methods. The type-I mRNA was predominant in 10 cell lines; 8 of them grew as floating aggregates in culture and had high L-dopa decarboxylase (DDC) activity. The other 5 lines predominantly expressed type-II mRNA, adhered to the culture substrate, and expressed low or undetectable levels of neural cell-adhesion molecule (NCAM) antigen and DDC activity. N2+, one of the subclones of NCI-N417 cells, exhibited a higher type-I to type-II ratio after the cells had adhered to a laminin-coated plate and had emitted neurite-like processes. These findings provide evidence that alternative splicing patterns of NFI mRNA correlate with the mechanisms that regulate the growth patterns and neuroendocrine properties of SCLC cells in vitro.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed1995

Synchronous presentation of Epstein-Barr virus-associated Hodgkin's disease and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in a patient from an endemic area of ATLL.

We report a patient from an endemic area of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), who developed lymphoma with features characteristic of Hodgkin's disease (HD). Large atypical Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin's cells (RS/H cells) had a CD3-CD15+CD20-CD30+CD45RO- immunophenotype. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein and EBV-encoded small RNA were detected in the RS/H cells. The patient received C-MOPP/ABVD chemotherapy for the HD resulting in a partial response. However, relapse occurred and he died of disease progression associated with serious bacterial infection. Although serial lymph node biopsies revealed consistent presence of the EBV-positive RS/H cells, the background small lymphocytes showed progressive increase in pleomorphism and nuclear irregularity. The lymphocytes had the T-cell phenotype, CD3+CD4+CD7-CD8-. Southern blot analysis using DNA probes for the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus-I (HTLV-I) and the T-cell receptor beta-chain gene demonstrated expansion of the HTLV-I infected monoclonal T-cells with the disease progression. We concluded that the patient synchronously presented two independent lymphoproliferative disorders; EBV-associated HD and ATLL resulting from HTLV-I infection.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1995

[Appropriateness and limitations of bone mineral measurements by DXA (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) in the elderly--comparison with x-ray findings].

A group of 674 (266 males and 410 females) elderly living in a rural community of Nangai Village, Akita Prefecture, were subjects of bone mineral measurements in the lumbar spine and three areas of proximal femur (femoral neck; FN, trochanter; TR and Ward's triangle; WD). Measurement was by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) set in a mobile van during mass health examination. The purpose of this study was to verify the appropriateness and imitations in the bone mineral measurements by DXA in elderly who have other aging related abnormal calcifications such as osteophytosis in the lumbar spine and calcification of the abdominal aorta, all of which may have an influence on the 'true' value of bone mineral density (BMD) particularly in the lumbar region. The results were as follows: 1) Subjects who were not capable of being measured by DXA tended to be older and reported experiencing pain and who scored low in TMIG index of competence compared to measurable subjects. 2) BMD of 2nd-4th lumbar spine with antero-posterior projection (AP) did not show simple age-declines that are seen in younger generations. In contrast, BMDs of proximal femur show linear aging declines. 3) Analysis of the association between BMDs and osteophytosis by spondylosis deformans in the lumbar spine and calcification of the abdominal aorta in front of the lumbar spine showed that AP-BMD had a strong correlation with the grade of both spinal osteophytosis and aortic calcification. On the other hand, BMDs of proximal femur showed no significant associations with these abnormal calcifications. 4) In this context, in order to evaluate the 'true' BMD in the elderly, BMDs in the proximal femur are a more appropriate indicator than AP-BMD which may be easily contaminated by other aging-related calcification in and around the lumbar region.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1995

[Relationship of physical condition and functional capacity to depressive status in person aged 75 years].

The purpose of the present study is to examine cross-sectionally and longitudinally the relationship of physical conditions and functional capacity to depressive status in the elderly. Subjects comprised 308 men and women aged 75 years and over living at home in a rural community. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was employed to assess depressive status, and physical conditions and functional capacity were simultaneously investigated. The results obtained were as follows; 1. There was no significant difference in GDS score by age or sex. 2. Cross-sectionally, the depressive status was significantly associated with weakened grip strength and poor locomotion in men, and it was associated with experience of falls, poor chewing ability, and low levels in high functional capacity as measured by the TMIG Index of Competence. 3. Longitudinally over a 2 year period, bereavement, decline of locomotion, and persistent anxiety about physical conditions significantly influenced aggravation of the depressive status in men. In women, high systolic blood pressure and visual and/or hearing impairment influenced the aggravation. Decline in functional capacity as measured by the TMIG Index of Competence appeared to influence the aggravation in both men and women.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Falls among the elderly living in a rural community--prevalence and circumstances of falls by season].

The purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence and circumstances of falls by season among the elderly living in a rural community. From 1992 to 1993 four interview surveys on falls were conducted every three months. Out of the total 1,321 subjects aged 65 and over (male: 532, mean age: 73.2 yr, female: 789, mean age: 74.5 yr), 1,317 responded to the survey in summer, 1,306 in autumn, 1,236 in winter and 1,248 in spring. The prevalence of falls (the rate of subjects with falls) were 7.4% in summer, 5.9% in autumn, 6.5% in winter and 6.7% in spring. The seasonal variation was not statistically significant. In each season, there was no significant difference between genders. The prevalence in the older group aged 75 and over is higher than that in younger group aged 65-74 except in spring. As to the circumstances of falls, there were seasonal differences in the distribution of place, footwear and cause of falls. These differences may be due to the climate of the area.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1994

Rate of falls and the correlates among elderly people living in an urban community in Japan.

Eight hundred and seven elderly persons aged 65-84 years who were randomly selected from the community were interviewed about falls. The rate of falls in the preceding year was 12.8% in men and 21.5% in women. The difference in the rate between the sexes was statistically significant. The rate in the older group was significantly higher than that in the younger group in both sexes, when they were divided into two major age categories. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that contact with a doctor within a month preceding the survey in both sexes, age, history of stroke, visual deficit in men, and urinary or bowel incontinence in women were significantly associated with increased risk of falling. The study reveals that falls tend to occur in physically frail elderly people in the community.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1994

[Usefulness of hemoglobin A1c and fructosamine for screening of glucose intolerance in community adults].

The usefulness of hemoglobin A1c and fructosamine for screening of glucose intolerance were compared in 383 semi-urban residents ranging from 35 to 88 years of age. Both the sensitivity and specificity of the indices for screening of those with 110 mg/dl and over of fasting blood glucose were examined. The results showed that hemoglobin A1c was better than fructosamine for screening for glucose intolerance.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Basic and clinical studies on biapenem (L-627) in obstetrics and gynecology].

UNLABELLED: We investigated biapenem (BIPM, L-627) a newly carbapenem antibiotic, for its antibacterial activity, tissue penetration, clinical efficacy and bacteriological effect in obstetric and gynecological infections, and obtained the following results. 1. Antibacterial activity: MICs of L-627 against 149 strains isolated from 80 patients in this clinical trial were examined and compared with those of imipenem (IPM) and ceftazidime (CAZ). The MIC50 and MIC90 of L-627 against the isolates were 0.2 and 12.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. Those of IPM were 0.2 and 6.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. The antibacterial activity of L-627 was quite similar to that of IPM, and was superior to that of CAZ. 2. Tissue and retroperitoneal fluid penetration: The peak levels in venous and uterine arterial sera were 24.0 and 26.2 micrograms/ml, respectively, after 300 mg drip infusion. The peak levels in the uterine or adnexal tissues were 2.39-9.60 micrograms/g, and 0.2 microgram/g of L-627 was detected at 275 minutes after administration. Peak levels in retroperitoneal fluid were 8.7 +/- 1.7 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after the completion of 30 minutes drip infusion (300 mg) and 7.9 +/- 0.2 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes after 300 mg 60 minutes drip infusion (300 mg). These levels expected the MICs against main pathogenic organisms. 3. CLINICAL RESULTS: L-627 was given to the following 144 patients (No. of analytical subjects) at a daily dose of 0.3-1.2 g for 2-13 days: intrauterine infections (54), adnexitis (36), parametritis (17), pelvic peritonitis (27), bartholins abscess (6) and other infections (4). The clinical efficacy was 93.1% (134/144) and the eradication rate against isolated organisms was 88.7% (110/124). Side effects were observed in 2 patients: eruption (1) and vomiting with numbness of the tongue (1). Abnormal change in laboratory test results included increase in eosinophils in 1, increase in GOT, GPT and gamma-GTP in 1 and increase in GPT and A1-P in 1, but all of these abnormalities were very mild and withdrawal of the drug was not required. Our results suggest that this drug is useful in the treatment of gynecological infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Risk factors for falls among the elderly living in a Japanese rural community].

The purpose of the present study is to explore risk factors for falls among the elderly in a Japanese rural community. Subjects comprised 658 elderly persons aged 65 and over living in a rural village of Akita Prefecture (response rate; 96.1%). In 1988, the baseline medical health examinations and an interview survey were performed and repeated at the follow-up survey one year later. Results obtained were as follows; 1) The rate of falls at the follow-up survey was 17.3% in men, 15.6% in women. There was no difference in rate of falls between sexes. The rate of falls in the old-old did not significantly differ from that in the young-old in both sexes. 2) Chi square test or Cochran-Armitage test was performed by sex to examine the relationship between the factors investigated at the baseline survey and occurrence of falls at the follow-up survey. Significant factors in men were income, spouse, need for assistance in daily living, history of stroke, fall experience within one year preceding the baseline survey, ECG abnormalities, standing time with eyes open, grip strength, TMIG (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology) index of competence. In women, mobility, need for assistance in daily living, admission to a hospital within one year preceding the baseline survey, fall experience within one year preceding the baseline survey, standing time with eyes open, grip strength, TMIG index of competence were significant. 3) Using the significant variables in univariate analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis controlling for age was performed by sex. Significant risk factors for falls in men were fall experience within one year preceding the baseline survey and ECG abnormalities, while for women fall experience within one year preceding the baseline survey was significant. The present longitudinal study revealed that falls experience within one year preceding the baseline survey was the highest risk factor for falls in the elderly residents in the community. This indicates that even a simple interview on fall experience can identify high risk elderly.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1993

Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in an adult.

A 35-year-old man with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is reported. Renal biopsy revealed miniaturized and rounded mitochondria of the proximal tubular cells and decreased brush-borders. Trichlormethiazide combined with triamterene resulted in an apparent reduction of daily urine volume and concomitant increment in urine osmolarity. The present case seems rare in that some morphological changes in the renal tissues could be demonstrated in an adult case with congenital NDI.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of flomoxef in the perinatal period].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on flomoxef (FMOX) in the perinatal period were carried out and following results were obtained 1. The pharmacokinetic parameter T1/2's of FMOX in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid in mothers after single intravenous injection of 1 g (n = 46) and 2 g (n = 34) were 1.11, 9.24, 9.24 hours and 2.54, 12.49, 12.49 hours, respectively. Cmax's and Tmax's of umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid were 12.71, 11.77 micrograms/ml and 0.57, 3.35 hours upon single dose of 1 g i.v., and 35.17, 12.37 micrograms/ml and 0.32, 3.42 hours upon single dose of 2 g i.v., respectively. 2. Clinical usefulness were evaluated in 93 cases including were various infections in pregnancy and puerperal period. In pregnancy cases, clinical efficacy rate was 95.5% (21/22), and 100% in puerperal period. Bacteriological response rate was 84.6% (eradicated: 29, decreased: 4, unchanged: 2, replaced: 4 and unknown: 8 cases). No severe side effects nor clinical laboratory test results were observed in any cases. From above basic and clinical results, we conclude that FMOX is a useful and safe agent for various infections in pregnancy and puerperal period.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Antihypertensive and hormonal activity of MK 954 in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

MK 954 (DuP 753), a recently developed angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor antagonist, was administered orally for 2 weeks to spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Whereas the basal levels of plasma Ang II were lower in SHR than in WKY, treatment with MK 954 markedly reduced blood pressure in SHR but not in WKY. Plasma renin activity, Ang I and Ang II were increased, while plasma aldosterone was decreased in both strains. These results no only indicate therapeutic efficacy of this agent in the chronic treatment of human hypertension, but also support the idea that the renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in the control of blood pressure in SHR.

Angiotensin I↗
PubMed1992

Losartan, a specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist, increases angiotensin I and angiotensin II release from isolated rat hind legs: evidence for locally regulated renin-angiotensin system in vascular tissue.

The effect of Losartan (10(-9) to 10(-6) M) on angiotensins I and II release was examined in isolated hind legs perfused with Krebs-Ringer solution from normal and bilaterally nephrectomized rats. Losartan increased dramatically both angiotensins I (Ang I) and II (Ang II) release in a dose-dependent fashion; the maximal percent increment in Ang I and Ang II release evoked by Losartan (10(-6) M) was about +380% and +160%, respectively, in normal rat hind legs. In nephrectomized animals, Losartan elicited a marked increase in both peptides dose-dependently. There was a highly positive correlation between the released amounts of Ang I and that of Ang II altered by Losartan in either normal (r = 0.954) or nephrectomized rats (r = 0.923). These results not only confirm the existence of a functional renin-angiotensin system in vascular tissues, but also suggest that the system is regulated by locally generated Ang II.

Angiotensin I↗
PubMed1992

Nutrition for the Japanese elderly.

The present paper examines the relationship of nutritional status to further life expectancy and health status in the Japanese elderly based on 3 epidemiological studies. 1. Nutrient intakes in 94 Japanese centenarians investigated between 1972 and 1973 showed a higher proportion of animal protein to total proteins than in contemporary average Japanese. 2. High intakes of milk and fats and oils had favorable effects on 10-year (1976-1986) survivorship in 422 urban residents aged 69-71. The survivors revealed a longitudinal increase in intakes of animal foods such as eggs, milk, fish and meat over the 10 years. 3. Nutrient intakes were compared, based on 24-hour dietary records, between a sample from Okinawa Prefecture where life expectancies at birth and 65 were the longest in Japan, and a sample from Akita Prefecture where the life expectancies were much shorter. Intakes of Ca, Fe, vitamins A, B1, B2, C, and the proportion of energy from proteins and fats were significantly higher in the former than in the latter. Intakes of carbohydrates and NaCl were lower.

Aged↗