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Biomedical subjects

H Haas

Publications and source records attributed to H Haas.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Antibody against hepatitis A in seven European countries. I. Comparison of prevalence data in different age groups.

Using a solid phase radioimmunoassay, antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) was determined in 3890 sera from populations in seven European countries. Prevalence of anti-HAV was lowest in Scandinavian countries and highest in Greece and France. Antibodies were found in 77 (13%) of 602 blood donors in Sweden, in 29 (17%) of 175 blood donors and women taking birth control pills in Norway, in 273 (39%) of 700 blood donors in Switzerland, in 262 (52%) of 505 blood donors in Holland, in 365 (55%) of 661 accident patients in West Germany, in 452 (75%) of 600 blood donors in France and in 530 (82%) of 647 persons in Greece. Prevalence of anti-HAV increased with age in all populations tested, indicating nearly total exposure to HAV in persons over 19 years of age in Greece and in persons over 39 years of age in West Germany, Holland and France. Antibody was found more frequently in rural than in urban populations in Greece and Switzerland. Calculation of the age-specific incidence of HAV infections suggests a remarkable decline in the exposure rate in the last few decades.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Plasma cell granuloma of the lung (author's transl)].

Case-report of a plasma cell granuloma of the lung found in a girl aged 8 years 6 months. The lesion of the lung was first interpreted as a metastasis of a suspected primary tumor in the right calf. It was only later that plasmacell granuloma of the lung was diagnosed. Plasma cell granuloma of the lung often gives rise to confusion, a fact illustrated by the various names applied to it, e.g. pseudosarcoma, postinflammatory pseudotumor of the lung, histiocytoma, xanthoma, fibroxanthoma, xanthogranuloma. On histological examination, this tumor consists of proliferations mainly of plasmacells and reticulo-endothelial cells, with some polymorphism and some giant cells. The tumor appears as a single, sharply circumscribed mass, is usually asymptomatic and therefore found mostly on routine-chest-films. Rarely is it found as an obstructive mass in the bronchi or in the trachea. The histopathogenesis of the tumor is not known, the lesion benign. Treatment is resection.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Asplenia and DIC (author's transl)].

3 cases of severe septic shock are described; a 5 month old girl with congenital hyposplenia, a 2 3/12 year old boy splenectomized because of microspherozytosis and a 11 6/12 year old boy splenectomized because of Hodgkin's disease. In 2 cases pneumococci were found in the blood cultures. In all 3 cases the coagulation analysis showed a consumption coagulopathy. Intravenous streptokinase treatment was applied in addition to general treatment for shock and antibiotic therapy. 2 patients survived and made a complete recovery, whereas the 2 year old boy died. The histological findings showed a severe DIC. In the Department of Surgery, Innsbruck, 44 children have been splenectomized during the last 6 years, 38 of whom we were able to follow up on for an average of 3.3 years. After an average of 1.2 years following splenectomy, 4 patients (including the 3 cases mentioned above) contracted acute septicaemia; a further patient also incurring a probable sepsis with DIC. 3 of these 5 children died, representing a morbidity rate of 13% and a mortality rate of 8%. The mortality rate is thus as high as that caused by the primary disease, indicating the urgency of prophylaxis for infections of this kind. 3 prophylactic forms of treatment are suggested: protection with penicillin, active immunization with polyvalent pneumococcal antigen and spleen preservation whenever possible.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1978

[Basilar or vertebral artery aneurysm as a cause of presumed cervical spine injury (author's transl)].

The characteristic clinical features and morphological findings of five cases of (clinically not diagnosed) fusiform aneurysm of the basilar or vertebral arteries were recurring attacks of positional occipital headache, pain and stiffness in the neck, cranial nerve disturbances, expecially oculomotor palsies and anisokoria, nystagmus, attacks of nausea, vomiting and sweating, tachycardia, pyramidal tract symptoms, and pareses. Severe hypertension had been present in four instances. The aneurysm, which is usually thrombosed, pressed against the pons and medulla oblongata as a space-occupying mass. In addition to hypertension and atheromatosis, congenital defect in the arterial wall are probably significant causative factor. To mistake an aneurysm for a cervical syndrome may be fatal to the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Detection of HBeAg and anti-HBe in acute hepatitis B by a sensitive radioimmunoassay.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay using anti-HBe-coated polysterence beads and iodine-125-labeled anti-HBe of human origin was developed for the detection of HBeAg. Anti-HBe could be determined by a blocking test. Both assays were about 500-fold more sensitive than immunodiffusion. Few nonspecific positive results for HBeAg could be recognized in the anti-HBe test by increase in cpm over that of the negative control. HBeAg was not found in acute hepatitis A and non A-non B hepatitis or in a control group of accident patients. On admission to the hospital 12 of 48 (25%) acute hepatitis B patients from Greece and 17 of 20 (85%) acute hepatitis B patients from Germany were HBeAg-positive. All 39 initially HBeAg negative sera were already anti-HBe positive. Tests of the acute stage and follow-up sera of the 20 German patients indicated that HBeAg is regularly present in the incubation period and early acute phase of hepatitis B. After onset of disease the antigen is cleared from the serum very rapidly in uncomplicated cases and is usually followed by the appearance of anti-HBe. Like anti-HBc, anti-HBe can serve as a tool for the diagnosis of hepatitis B after the disappearance of HBsAg.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Electrical spinal cord stimulation for spastic movement disorders.

Spinal cord stimulation seems today a promising method to improve spasticity. The experiences of two different clinics (Zürich and Freiburg i.Br.) are reported with long-term assessment up to 28 months. The objective data with measurement of stretch and H reflexes support the clinical results. An experimental study on animals does not permit a definitive explanation, but some hypotheses can be suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Isolation of mycoplasmas from the genital tract of women with reproductive failure, sterility or vaginitis.

The presence of mycoplasma was investigated in 77 women with infertility, 34 women complaining of sterility, 92 women with vaginitis and 66 healthy control subjects. The group of infertile women was subdivided into those with one or two spontaneous abortions, those with three or more abortions and those with missed abortions. The isolation rate of mycoplasma from the vagina and cervix of the infertile women ranged from 18 to 36%. The endometrial isolation rate was 21% in women with missed abortions but lower in women of the other two subdivisions. Mycoplasmas were infrequently found in patients investigated for sterility. They were isolated at a higher rate in patients with vaginitis, especially in those with trichomonas-associated vaginitis. They were not found in healthy control subjects. In the endometria positive for mycoplasma no specific histological features for this infection were found.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1977

[The differentiation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by immunological methods. III. Results in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (author's transl)].

In 47 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia surface markers were evaluated on mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood as well as in some cases on bone marrow lymphocytes. The lymphocytes were characterized by their binding capacity for sheep red blood cells, the demonstration of Fc-receptors, complement receptors as well as surface immunoglobulins. In 6 of 23 untreated patients the blasts bound sheep red blood cells spontaneously (T-ALL), in two of these six cases the lymphoblasts had simultaneously receptors for complement. In a further patients the lymphoblasts had complement- and Fc-receptors. The blasts of 16 of 23 patients were negative in respect to the markers tested (O-ALL). By comparing two groups of patients--one with positive cells, one unreactive--the clinical features differed: the marker positive group showed a predominance of male patients, 5 of 7 patients had a massive mediastinal mass and the remission rate was lower than in the group with positive blasts. 24 patients in remission under maintance treatment had a decreased percentage of rosette forming lymphocytes as well as lymphocytes with surface immunoglobulins and Fc-receptors. There existed some correlation between the percentage of rosette forming lymphocytes and the clinical course: patients with complications had lower percentages of rosette forming lymphocytes than patients with a favourable course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Frequency of hepatitis A antibodies in populations of various European countries].

Using a solid phase radioimmunoassay, prevalence of anti-HA was determined in sera of 661 German patients treated following accidents, 70 persons born in Mediterranean countries and 175 persons from Lillehammer, Norway. In Germany (55% positive) an increase in prevalence of anti-HA from 13% in the group below 20 years of age to 92% in persons over 49 was noted. This and further data suggest that after infection anti-HA is detectable for life. Persons from Norway (17% positive) aged below 40 years had a low prevalence of anti-HA (4-10%), whereas even young persons from Mediterranean countries (81% positive) hat antibody in about 80% of cases. Prevalence rates in different age groups suggest a remarkable decrease in incidence of hepatitis A infection over the last three decades in Germany. This results in a rise in the mean age at which hepatitis A infection is acquired and high morbidity during travel abroad. Only one of 10 hepatitis A infections appears to produce clinical disease. Young anti-HA positive individuals exhibit higher titers on average than older ones.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[T-cell lymphoma (author's transl)].

The percentage of T- and B-lymphocytes was determined by means of surface markers in 190 patients suffering from various lymphoproliferative disease. Characteristic T-cell lymphomas were diagnosed in 8 patients: 2 of these patients suffered from acute leukaemia, 2 from lymphoblastic lymphoma, 3 from mycosis fungoides and one from the Sézary syndrome. The clinical course of the disease in these patients, the clinical picture and the results obtained with various surface markers and with unspecific mitogens are described and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hypothalamic changes during the immune response.

The immune system is subject to an array of identified autoregulatory processes, but immunoregulation may also have a further basis in a network of immune-neuroendocrine interactions. Two antigens each produced an increase of more than 100% in electrical activity of individual neurones in the ventromedial but not in the anterior nucleus of the rat hypothalamus. Animals that failed to respond to antigen manifested no increase in the firing rate. These findings constitute the first evidence for a flow of information from the activated immune system to the hypothalamus, suggesting that the brain is involved in the immune response.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1977

Seroepidemiological investigation of patients and family contacts in an epidemic of hepatitis A.

Serial blood and faecal samples were collected from patients and family contacts during an outbreak of hepatitis A in a village and tested by a solid-phase competitive type radioimmunoassay for hepatitis A antigen and hepatitis A antibody. The amount and duration of excretion of hepatitis A antigen was correlated with the severity of the illness. In 2 severe clinical cases, hepatitis A antigen was demonstrated in faecal extracts 11 days before the onset of jaundice and continuing for 10 days thereafter, with maximum shedding during the late incubation period. Faecal antigen was demonstrated in low concentrations for only 2 days in a patient with mild disease and in a person with subclinical infection. There was an inverse correlation between the incidence of infection and prevalence of hepatitis A antibody and age. Of 24 infections, 19 (79%) occurred in persons in the age group 0 to 20 years, a group in which only 6% of individuals had pre-existing antibody. Hepatitis A antibody was present in the serum of 3 persons in low titres of 1:20 to 1:40 on the day jaundice developed. The antibody titres increased very rapidly during the following 2 weeks of illness and slowly during the following months, reaching titres of 1:900 to 1:3500. In a separate study, a mean antibody titre of 1:591 was found in 13 patients, 12 years after clinical hepatitis A with jaundice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Tumors of the heart and stomach induced in European hamsters by intravenous administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea.

One hundred twenty captured European hamsters (Cricetus cricetus L.) were inoculated iv with 1/5, 1/10, or 1/20 the median lethal dose of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) once weekly for 18 weeks. MNU induced mainly sarcomas in the heart and squamous cell carcinomas and sarcomas in the stomach. The highest incidence of such tumors was demonstrated by the lowest-dosage group. They were more frequent in males than in females. The effect of MNU was also localized at the site of administration and resulted in squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity. The possible fibroblastic or neurogenic origin of the sarcomas was explored.

Animals↗