[Measurement of serotonin uptake site in the human brain using PET].
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Binding Sites↗
Biomedical subjects
H Fukuda
Publications and source records attributed to H Fukuda.
[Renal cell carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney].
A 65-year-old man with pyuria visited our hospital. Physical examination had revealed a mass in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Intravenous pyelogram, ultrasonogram, computerized tomography and selective renal arteriogram suggested a hypervascular renal cell carcinoma on the left side of the horseshoe kidney. A left radical nephrectomy with division of the isthmus was performed. The pathological diagnosis indicated renal cell carcinoma consisting of clear cell type without invasion of the capsule or renal pelvis. Treatment with alpha-interferon was started and has continued for six months with no evidence of recurrence. Only 35 cases of horseshoe kidney with a renal tumor have been reported in the Japanese literature. Among them, adenocarcinoma was present in 54.3% of the cases, renal pelvic tumor in 17.1%, and nephroblastoma in 14.3%. While adenocarcinoma in horseshoe kidney is seen less often than normal kidney, there is an increased incidence of both renal pelvic tumor and nephroblastoma.
Aged↗
[The mite-free room (MFR) for the management of atopic dermatitis: living in the MFR improved first the itch and then the dermatitis].
While there are increasing data supporting the view that mite allergen sensitivity is one of the major causes of atopic dermatitis (AD) as well as asthma, it is practically difficult to avoid house dust allergens as part of the management of AD. Therefore, we served a conditioned room in which mites were eliminated to the level less than 3 mites/m2, named mite free room (MFR) for experimental treatment of AD to evaluate the possible therapeutic effect of the mite-free condition. Thirteen relatively severe patients with high-IgE RAST score to the mite allergens were treated with night time admission to the MFR without disturbing their social activities in the day time. Our MFR treatment gave eleven of the thirteen patients relief from itch and dermatitis within 2 to 3 weeks, yet they stayed average only 11 hours a day in the MFR. These results may provide a possible candidate in the treatment of AD instead of topical and/or systemic medicines of which prolonged usage is sometimes associated with adverse side effects.
Adolescent↗
[Evaluation of nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E1 administration during cardiac surgery].
Twenty patients, subjected to open heart surgery using standard moderate hypothermic and nonpulsatile extracorporeal circulation (ECC), were divided into two groups. In the control group only nitroglycerin was administered for the control of peripheral arterial blood pressure during ECC. In the PGE1 group, prostaglandin E1 (10 ng/kg/min) and nitroglycerin were used simultaneously. Plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin I (A I) and II (A II), aldosterone (Ald), epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) were increased to equal levels in both groups. PRA, A I, A II, and Ald increased five-fold from the initial value during ECC, while E and NE increased twenty-fold. Total peripheral vascular resistance was high in both groups, but the deviation from the normal level was significantly lower in the PGE1 group. Oxygen consumption during ECC revealed similar patterns of change in both groups. Peripheral arterial blood pressure was more easily controlled at acceptable levels in the PGE1 group. We concluded that the administration of both nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E1 may sustain satisfactory peripheral circulation during ECC.
Adolescent↗
[A report on 107 cases of obturator nerve block].
The obturator nerve passes in close proximity to the inferolateral bladder wall. Transurethral resection of bladder tumors close to these areas may stimulate the obturator nerve, causing violent adductor contraction and possible inadvertent bladder perforation. To avoid this reaction, local anesthetic blockade of the obturator nerve as it passes through the obturator canal is effective to stop adductor spasm during spinal anesthesia. We performed obturator nerve block in 107 cases by use of insulated needle and nerve stimulator, and measured the depth of the obturator nerve and that of the pubic tubercle. Obesity index was positively correlated with the depth of the obturator nerve as well as the pubic tubercle. However, no correlation was found between the obesity index and the difference of the depth of the obturator nerve and the depth of the pubic tubercle. It is suggested that if the needle is advanced in the direction of the obturator canal about 40mm further after reaching the pubic tubercle, the needle reaches the obturator nerve.
Adult↗
[Cerebral blood flow pattern in progressive supranuclear palsy].
It is known that progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) shows subcortical dementia. The diagnosis of PSP is sometimes difficult because this disorder mimics the clinical features of parkinsonian syndrome. Several PET studies demonstrated frontal hypo-metabolism in PSP patients. We studied the cerebral blood flow (CBF) pattern by single-photon-emission-computed tomography (SPECT) using 123I-isopropyl-iodoamphetamine (IMP) in 5 patients of PSP including one autopsy case. Five PSP patients were 3 men and 2 women, mean age of 67.6 years old. Control groups were 3 normal controls (Normal), 7 patients of Parkinson's disease (PD), 5 patients of olive-pontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA), and 4 patients of dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT). CBF was measured by 123I-IMP SPECT using 400 AC/T Starcam (GE). CBF was measured by semi-quantitative methods. Regions of Interest (ROI's) were located at cerebellar, basal ganglion, and lateral ventricle levels. Each count of ROI was divided by the count of occipital ROI. In all PSP patients, the ratio of relative blood flow to occipital lobe in the frontal and fronto-temporal regions were most markedly affected, showing average reduction rates of 66.6% and 65.5%. These rates showed statistically significant differences to other control degenerative neurological diseases. Our these results correspond to the former PET studies. Moreover, frontal hypoperfusion progressed with advancing clinical stage. The results indicate that CBF study with SPECT is useful to confirm the diagnosis of PSP. It is necessary to clarify the role of the damage in basal ganglia for frontal hypometabolic pattern.
Aged↗
[MRI in Parkinson's disease and vascular parkinsonism--study on the lesion of substantia nigra].
We examined the magnetic resonance (MR) image of midbrain and striatum in 30 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), 10 patients with vascular parkinsonism (VP) and 10 age-matched control subjects. Studies were performed on a high field strength (1.5 tesla) MRI unit. T2 weighted spin echo pulse sequence (TR2500ms/TE40ms) was used. We measured the width of the pars compacta signal in patients and controls on the basis of the method described by Duguid et al. Intensity profiles of a straight line perpendicular to the pars compacta through the center of the red nucleus were made on an image of the midbrain. We measured the width of the valley at half-height between the peaks of intensity representing the red nucleus and the crus cerebri-pars reticulata complex and used this as an index of the width of the pars compacta signal. The results were as follows: 1. The mean width of the pars compacta signal was 2.7 mm (SD = 0.3) in the PD group and 4.3 mm (SD = 0.6) in controls. The difference between the means was highly significant (p less than 0.01). While not significant statistically, there was a trend toward narrowing of the width of pars compacta signal of substantia nigra in the PD group as the Yahr's grade or disease duration progressed. In hemiparkinsonism, MRI revealed significant narrowing of the pars compacta signal on the contra-lateral side to the clinical predominant side compared with the ipsi-lateral side. 2. The mean width of the pars compacta signal was 3.9 mm (SD = 0.4) in the VP group, but the decrease was not significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
The relative biological effectiveness of 10B-neutron capture therapy for early skin reaction in the hamster.
The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 10B-neutron capture therapy (BNCT) on skin was analyzed using hamsters. The Kyoto University Research Reactor, which has a very low contamination of gamma rays and fast neutrons, was used as a thermal neutron source. Boron-10-para-boronophenylalanine hydrochloride ([10B]BPA.HCl) was administered to the hamsters. The evolution and time course of early skin reactions were assessed. These reactions were compared with those produced by electron beams. The maximum safe skin doses (no more than moist desquamation) of BNCT and electron beams were established to be 11 and 21 Gy, respectively. The RBE at this single dose with BNCT was found to be 1.94, assuming that the RBE of the gamma rays was 1.0 and each component of BNCT (mixed radiations) was simply additive.
Animals↗
[An autopsy case of renal failure due to cholesterol embolism following angiography].
A 59-year-old man with a 10-year history of hypertension was admitted to the Osaka Medical College Hospital because of left shoulder pain, lower blood pressure in left arm, and nasal lower quadrant defect of the visual field of the left eye. After admission, he underwent coronary angiography and aortography. The examinations revealed that, although coronary arteries were normal, the orifice of the left subclavian artery was occluded almost completely. Two weeks after the examination, he underwent intra arterial DSA of the cerebral artery. After manipulation of the DSA, the patient complained of severe calf pain, developed blue toe and progressive renal failure with severe proteinuria. He died of uremia about three months after the DSA. Autopsy revealed multiple cholesterol emboli in small arteries in the visceral organs, urogenital organs and thyroid gland. In the kidneys, especially, damage by cholesterol emboli was large with irregular cortical necrosis. Examination of the brain was not permitted. This case shows that cholesterol embolism of the kidneys can be a lethal complication of angiography.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
[Sagittal MR images of normal pineal glands after Gd-DTPA injection].
We evaluated normal pineal glands on Gd-DTPA enhanced MR images on a 1.5 Tesla superconducting unit. On enhanced sagittal MR images with a 3-mm slice thickness, pineal glands were identified as solid or cystic structures. The solid and cystic pineal glands were divided into two subgroups according to the degree of enhancement. The solid pineal glands showed diffuse or subtle enhancement and cystic ones showed peripheral enhancement either completely or incompletely. Of the 50 patients, 19 (38%) had solid pineal glands and 31 (62%) had cystic ones. In male, 7 out of 11 (63%) showed solid pineal glands and in female, 27 out of 39 (70%) showed cystic ones.
Adolescent↗
Effects of nutrients and hormones on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of fatty acid synthase in rat liver.
The effects of nutrients and hormones on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of fatty acid synthase in rat liver were investigated following cDNA cloning. When fasted rats were fed a carbohydrate/protein diet, the transcriptional rate was greatly increased even in 1 h. The transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction reached maximum levels in 4 h, 8-16 h and 48 h, respectively. Although dietary carbohydrate increased each level more than protein did, both carbohydrate and protein were required to reach a high level. Corn oil feeding markedly decreased the transcriptional rate. In diabetic rats, the transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction were very low in comparison with the normal. By treating the diabetic rats with insulin, however, the transcriptional rate was increased 5-fold in 1 h and 15-fold in 6 h, preceding a great increase in the mRNA and enzyme levels. On the other hand, fructose feeding or triiodothyronine treatment of diabetic rats abundantly increased the mRNA concentration and somewhat increased the transcriptional rate. Thus, it is suggested that insulin mainly stimulates the transcription of the fatty acid synthase gene, whereas triiodothyronine and fructose mainly increase the mRNA stability.
Animals↗
Effects of nutrients and hormones on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in rat liver.
The effects of nutrients and hormones on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in rat liver were investigated following a cDNA cloning. After refeeding a carbohydrate/protein diet to fasted rats, the transcriptional rate was increased 2.5-fold in only 1 h. The mRNA concentration reached a maximal level of 9-12-fold increase in 8-16 h, and the enzyme induction increased 10-fold in 48 h. By a carbohydrate diet without protein, the transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction were similarly increased to the levels in the carbohydrate/protein diet. It appears that protein feeding is not necessary to induce acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Corn oil feeding decreased the transcriptional rate. In diabetic rats, the transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction were very low in comparison with the normal. After insulin treatment, the transcriptional rate was increased 2-fold (the normal level) in 2 h in diabetic rats. By fructose feeding to diabetic rats, the transcriptional rate and mRNA concentration were increased similarly to the levels reached by insulin treatment, while the enzyme induction was increased by only 60%. Thus, it is suggested that insulin is importantly involved in the transcription and also translation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. On the other hand, triiodothyronine treatment increased the mRNA and enzyme levels in diabetic and normal rats, and somewhat increased the transcriptional rate only in diabetic rats. Triiodothyronine appears to stabilize the mRNA besides having an insulin-like action in acetyl-CoA carboxylase transcription.
Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase↗
Effects of ageing on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of malic enzyme and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in rat liver.
We previously found an age-dependent impairment of induction of lipogenic enzymes in rat liver [Iritani et al. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 665, 636-639]. Further, we have found that after refeeding a fat-free diet to fasted rats, increases in transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction of hepatic malic enzyme and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were always lower in 18-month-old rats than in 1.5-month-old rats. In the young rats, the transcriptional rates reached the maximum level in 4 h and the mRNA reached maximum levels in 16 h. The peaks tended to delay in the older rats. The half-lives of the mRNAs were not significantly longer in the old than in the young animals. The incorporation of [3H]leucine into the enzyme proteins was also decreased roughly in proportion to the enzyme induction. The mRNA concentrations in the liver polysomes were roughly proportional to the total mRNA. Thus, no effects of ageing on mRNA stability or on the translational activity of the enzymes could be found. It is suggested that the age-dependent decreases of malic enzyme and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase induction can be mainly ascribed to the transcriptional steps. Moreover, the transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and induction of malic enzyme were increased by triiodothyronine treatment at a similar rate in both the young and old rats, but the absolute increments were lower in the old animals. The triiodothyronine response to malic enzyme induction also appeared to be primarily decreased at the transcription level.
Aging↗
[Preventive effect of ticlopidine on peplomycin pulmonary fibrosis].
A comparative clinical study examined the preventive effect of ticlopidine hydrochloride (hereinafter referred to as ticlopidine, anti-platelet drug) on Peplomycin sulfate (hereinafter referred to as Peplomycin) pulmonary fibrosis. In clinical evaluation, pulmonary function (PaO2, DLco) and biological fibrosis markers (angiotensin I converting enzyme, type III procollagen peptide, phospholipid) were measured. PaO2 and DLco using ticlopidine showed improvement, but statistical significance was not observed. Changes in biological fibrosis markers due to Peplomycin administration were observed in accordance with earlier experiments. Importantly however, the variance of type III procollagen peptide in the ticlopidine group was significantly suppressed (p less than 0.10). As a result, ticlopidine has the potential to prevent Peplomycin pulmonary side effects during clinical use.
Bleomycin↗
Hyperradial adiabatic treatment of d micro+t collisions at low energies.
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Journal Article↗
In vivo 13C imaging enhanced by polarization transfer.
Carbon-13 NMR imaging has been combined with 1H-13C polarization transfer to improve image quality. Natural-abundance carbon images of Fischer rat bodies were obtained within a few minutes. Next 13C-labeled glucose was administered orally to rats, and spatial distributions of glucose and its derivatives were observed with this technique.
Animals↗
Different spinal effects of opioid agonists on spinal and spino-bulbo-spinal reflexes in rats.
The effects of morphine-HCl (MOR), methionine-enkephalin (ME) and dynorphin (DYN) on spinal and spino-bulbo-spinal (SBS) reflexes were studied. Although spinal intrathecal administration of MOR (15 micrograms) did not produce any apparent effect on these reflexes, systemically administered MOR (3 mg/kg i.v.) reduced the electrical toe stimulation-induced SBS reflex. Furthermore, MOR (3 mg/kg i.v.) increased the polysynaptic reflex induced by electrical stimulation of low-threshold dorsal root afferents in intact (non-spinal) rats, but not in spinal rats. Intrathecally administered DYN (0.5 and 5 micrograms) reduced both the electrical toe stimulation-induced spinal and SBS reflexes, while ME (15 micrograms) only reduced the SBS reflex. These results indicate the physiological multiplicity of spinal opioid receptors. MOR may affect supraspinal nuclei but not the spinal pathway which possesses MOR-sensitive opioid receptors, whereas ME and DYN affect spinal opioid peptide receptors and modulate the reflex activities in which they participate.
Animals↗
Effects of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid agonists and antagonists of ventral horn cells in slices of spinal cord isolated from adult rats.
Excitatory amino acid agonists increased the probability of discharge of ventral horn cells in slices of spinal cord isolated from adult rats. The order of potency for the facilitatory action was kainate greater than quisqualate greater than N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) greater than L-glutamate greater than L-aspartate. (+/-)-2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate (2-APV) markedly reduced the facilitatory effects produced by L-aspartate and NMDA, and slightly decreased the effect produced by L-glutamate but did not alter the effect of kainate. Inhibitory amino acid agonists decreased the probability of cell discharge. The order of potency for the inhibitory action was (-)-baclofen greater than muscimol greater than glycine = GABA. The effects produced by glycine, muscimol or GABA and (-)-baclofen were selectively reduced by strychnine, bicuculline and phaclofen, respectively. This type of preparation may be useful for in vitro pharmacological studies on the action of transmitters and drugs on ventral horn cells in the adult spinal cord.
Action Potentials↗