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Biomedical subjects

H Fujino

Publications and source records attributed to H Fujino.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Electrophysiologic effects of calcium channel blockers on supraventricular tachycardia in children].

Calcium channel blockers (diltiazem or verapamil) were administered in 17 pediatric patients with supraventricular tachycardia to evaluate their drug effects on electrophysiologic properties and the tachycardia zone. Using electrophysiologic technique, 10 patients were diagnosed as having orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia (ORT), including three patients with concealed atrioventricular bypass tracts. Four patients were diagnosed as having atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) of the slow-fast type and three patients were diagnosed as having intra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia (IART). Diltiazem was given to 10 patients; verapamil, to eight patients at doses of 0.15-0.2 mg/kg intravenously. Electrophysiologic properties and the tachycardia zone were then evaluated before and after the administration of calcium channel blockers. Diltiazem and verapamil produced no significant changes in the sinus node and atrial functions including basic sinus cycle length, sinoatrial conduction time, maximum sinus node recovery time and the effective atrial refractory period. Although sinus cycle length was shortened after verapamil in half the cases, it was due to increased sympathetic tone secondary to hypotension rather than to direct action of verapamil. Calcium channel blockers, however, prolonged the PR interval and significantly increased the effective refractory period of the atrioventricular node. Properties of the atrioventricular bypass tracts were not affected by calcium channel blockers. Diltiazem and verapamil were markedly effective in ORT and AVNRT. Their re-entrant circuits, including the atrioventricular node and the tachycardia zones, were shortened or resolved. However, IART showed no significant change in the tachycardia zone after the administration of calcium channel blockers, because the re-entrant circuit was not present within the atrioventricular node.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Subdural tension pneumocephalus following surgery for chronic subdural hematoma.

The computerized tomography (CT) findings were analyzed in five cases of subdural tension pneumocephalus following surgery for chronic subdural hematoma. They were compared with CT scans in 14 cases of asymptomatic subdural pneumocephalus. In this study, two new CT findings were identified that suggest increased tension of the subdural air. Subdural air separates and compresses the frontal lobes, creating a widened interhemispheric space between the tips of the frontal lobes that mimics the silhouette of Mt. Fuji. The presence of air between the frontal tips associated with massive air inclusion over the frontal lobes presumably indicates increased tension of the subdural air. The "Mt. Fuji sign" was seen in four of the five cases with subdural tension pneumocephalus. The other finding was the presence of multiple small air bubbles scattered through several cisterns ("air bubble sign"). It is postulated that these air bubbles enter the subarachnoid space through a tear in the arachnoid membrane caused by increased tension of air in the subdural space. This finding was seen in four cases with subdural tension pneumocephalus. These two CT findings are helpful in making a diagnosis of subdural tension pneumocephalus following surgery for chronic subdural hematoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

HBs antigen subtypes among acute hepatitis patients in Japan: evidence of imported hepatitis.

HBs antigen subtypes were determined among 137 acute hepatitis patients in Japan. The distribution among the 99 male patients was 40 adr, 37 adw, one ayw, and 21 undetermined while that among the 38 female patients was 19 adr, 11 adw, and eight undetermined. The distribution among the male patients was different from that among HBs antigen carriers in Japan, suggesting that they were exposed not only to domestic HBs antigen carriers, but also to other sources. Thirty-one (29 males and two females) of the 137 patients (22.6%) were found to have been abroad at some time during the incubation period. The distribution among them was seven adr, 21 adw, and three undetermined. The majority had the same subtypes that are prevalent in the countries they visited, supporting the hypothesis that most of them had contracted the disease overseas. The remaining 106 patients had a distribution of the subtypes similar to that of domestic HBs antigen carriers. "Imported hepatitis" would be an important cause of acute type B hepatitis in Japan.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Subdural tension pneumocephalus following surgery of chronic subdural hematoma].

Subdural tension pneumocephalus (TP) following surgery for chronic subdural hematoma was analyzed in 5 cases from clinical standpoints of view, especially from CT findings. The cases were compared with 14 cases of subdural asymptomatic pneumocephalus (AP). The TP tends to complicate elderly patients who showed a poor re-expansion of the brain after irrigation of bilateral chronic subdural hematoma. In such patients, it is difficult to make an exact diagnosis of TP because of residual mass effect of the evacuated hematoma. Significance of mass effect caused by subdural air has been discussed in the literature only little. In this study, we found two new CT findings suggesting increased tension of subdural air. First, the subdural tensive air separates and compresses the frontal lobes. The compressed frontal lobes with widened interhemispheric space between the frontal poles mimic the silhouette of Mt. Fuji. We called this CT finding "Mt. Fuji" sign. The presence of air between the frontal poles associated with massive air over the frontal lobes presumably indicates an increased tension of the subdural air. "Mt. Fuji" sign was seen in 4 cases out of 5 TP cases. Another sign is the presence of multiple small air bubbles in the subarachnoid space, especially in the cisterns. We proposed that these air bubbles were trapped in the subarachnoid space through a tear of the arachnoid membrane which is caused by increased tension of air in the subdural space. This finding was present in 4 cases with TP. We emphasize that these two CT signs are helpful to make an accurate diagnosis of TP following surgery for chronic subdural hematoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Morphological and functional differentiation of cultured vascular smooth-muscle cells.

In numerous investigations using cultured smooth-muscle cells, investigators have consistently added 10-20% fetal calf serum (FCS) to the medium to maintain viable cells. In the present study we utilized an optical technique to investigate whether smooth-muscle cells, cultured with or without FCS, maintain their contractile activity in vitro. With such optical measurement, we were able to detect signals due to spontaneous contractions, in muscle cells cultured in FCS-free medium for up to 8 days, and, for the first time, were also able to observe the conduction of these cell contractions. The ultrastructural characteristics of cultured smooth-muscle cells during contractile activity, were also examined by electron microscopy. The cells were mature and well-differentiated, and were packed with numerous myofilaments. They had developed long cell processes, and were linked to one another by gap junctions. These observations indicated that the smooth-muscle cells, cultured without FCS for 7 to 8 days, were morphologically mature and maintained their contractile activity, whereas the cells cultured in FCS-containing medium showed no detectable signs of contractile activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Correlation between plasma fibrin-fibrinogen degradation product values and CT findings in head injury.

Plasma fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) determinations and CT scans were performed in 26 patients on the first, third, and seventh day after head injury. Plasma FDP concentrations were increased in the patients with cerebral contusion shown on CT scans, while the plasma FDP values were normal in the patients with various sized epidural haematomas. Furthermore, the plasma FDP elevation appeared to be more marked and more prolonged in the patients with severe contusion than in those with mild contusion. These findings suggest that the degree of the increase in plasma FDP is proportional to the amount of brain tissue destruction.

Brain Concussion↗