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Biomedical subjects

H Frank

Publications and source records attributed to H Frank.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Association between coated vesicles and microtubules.

In this study, a possible functional association between microtubules and coated vesicles is described. We have found that our preparations of microtubules contained coated vesicles in quantities of usually above 10%. These coated vesicles were identified both by immunological methods using anticoat antibodies and by electron microscopy of negatively stained specimens. In the immune replica, two components of coated vesicles, i.e., heavy (clathrin) and light chains, were recognized as constituents of the preparations. In the electron microscope, it was found that coated vesicles were attached predominantly along the length of microtubules. Furthermore, projections from the microtubules to the triskelion centers of the clathrin lattice were identified and thus seem to serve as linkers between the cytoskeletal structure of the organelle. A similar type of association was detected in tissue culture cells; bridges between coated vesicles and microtubules were clearly identified by electron microscopy of thin sections.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Determination of alkanes in breath to monitor lipid peroxidation in the presence of volatile toxicants and metabolites. An optimized, automatic method.

Determination of alkanes in breath of laboratory animals and humans has become a standard-method for monitoring lipid peroxidation in vivo. Isothermal gas chromatography on Porasil C enables sensitive, rapid and repetitive determination of all C2-C5-hydrocarbons in breath. Volatile toxicants and metabolites, which would coelute with the alkanes of later injected samples, are deviated by using a precolumn. An automatic switching unit controls withdrawal and injection of samples and backflush of the precolumn in a repetitive manner at fixed intervals. This increases accuracy and sensitivity of analysis and enables virtually unattended operation. The system has been applied for a study on the oxygen-dependence of CCl4-metabolism in the rat.

Alkanes↗
PubMed1983

Structural organization of unique retrovirus-like particles budding from human teratocarcinoma cell lines.

Human teratocarcinoma cells cultured in vitro can be induced to produce retrovirus-like particles. The induction procedures are the same as those previously shown to induce the synthesis of animal retroviruses. Electron microscopical evidence is presented that the human teratocarcinoma-derived (HTD) particles are most closely related to the type C retrovirus strains. HTD particles can be banded at 1.16 g/ml in linear sucrose gradients, the characteristic density for retroviruses, and subsequently be used for negative staining and fine structure analysis.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1983

Breast cancer and thoracic metastases: review of 119 patients.

Review of the case notes of 660 patients with a diagnosis of breast cancer during a five-year period showed that in 119 cases there had been thoracic metastases. These were recorded as pleural or extrapleural metastases (79 patients), mediastinal tumour (46 patients), lymphangitic carcinoma (41 patients), pulmonary nodules (34 patients), and solitary pulmonary nodule (nine patients). Endobronchial metastases were present in seven patients and multiple pulmonary tumour emboli in two. The thorax was often the initial site of tumour recurrence. Most of these recurrences were present in several locations (intrathoracic or both intrathoracic and extrathoracic) simultaneously, facilitating the clinical diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer. Histopathological confirmation of metastasis was mandatory for the 10 patients who had a solitary intrathoracic abnormality without evidence of disease elsewhere. The median survival after diagnosis and treatment of a solitary thoracic metastasis was 42+ months and three of 10 patients are currently in remission (at 44, 87, and 121 months). The small tumour burden and early diagnosis giving lead time may explain the long survival in this group of patients.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Psychological determinants of a medical career.

To test the hypothesis that reparation for childhood experience is a factor in the choice of a medical career, a questionnaire was given to first year students in medicine, with first year law students as a control group. When students who chose the same occupation as their parents were eliminated from the sample, male medical students were more likely to have experienced illness in the family during childhood than male law students. Both male and female law students were more likely to have experienced legal problems in the family during childhood.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Retroviruses in human tumors.

Retroviruses received widespread attention in the past not only because they caused tumors in animals and, perhaps, in man, but also because they served as useful tools to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in the control of eukaryotic gene expression. In this brief overview, evidences are presented that retrovirus-like particles can regularly be demonstrated in human teratocarcinomas cultured in vitro. These viruses are morphologically reminiscent of animal retrovirus strains but show also unique structural features. The viruses possess endogenous reverse transcriptase activity and can be banded at 1.16 g/ml in sucrose gradients, a density characteristic of retroviruses. They can clearly be distinguished from animal retrovirus strains on immunological grounds. We will also briefly summarize the data accumulating for the human T-cell lymphoma viruses (HTLV) which were recently discovered first by Gallo et al. and independently by Hinuma and Miyoshi. HTLV seem to play an etiological role in the establishment of human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and thus represent the first pathogenic human retroviruses.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1982

Multifocal relapse after concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy of small cell lung cancer.

Twenty-one patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were treated with cyclophosphamide (1250 mg/m2), Adriamycin (40 mg/m2), vincristine (2 mg) every three weeks. Thoracic radiotherapy (3000 rad: 10 or 15 fractions) began four weeks after starting chemotherapy. Patients with brain metastases received cranial irradiation. Thirteen of 19 evaluable patients responded to therapy (four complete responses). Sixteen of 19 had significant intrathoracic response (eight complete). Of the three patients without an intrathoracic tumor response, two had simultaneous progression in systemic locations and only one had intrathoracic progression preceding systemic progression. Intrathoracic relapse preceded systemic relapse in two patients, was simultaneous with it in six and followed systemic relapse in four others. Therefore only three patients had intrathoracic tumor progression or relapse preceding systemic progression or recurrence. The more intensive course of radiotherapy was significantly better in preventing intrathoracic tumor progression. Although intrathoracic tumor control is important, primary failure of therapy or relapse appears to be multifocal. Future attention must be directed toward control of multiple potential sites of relapse.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Metabolic activation of carbon tetrachloride: induction of cytochrome P-450 with phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene and its effect on covalent binding.

Anaerobic incubation of [14C]carbon tetrachloride with normal rat liver microsomes and microsomes from rats treated with the inducers phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) reveals distinct differences in metabolic activation. While the increase in CO-binding pigment is comparable for both inducers, metabolism of CC14 is enhanced only by PB-induction; MC-induced microsomes are equivalent to microsomes from untreated animals. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-electrophoresis of microsomal proteins confirms the expected increase at 52 000 daltons (cytochrome P-450 PB) on PB-induction, at 56 000 daltons (cytochrome P-450MC) on MC-induction; after anaerobic incubation with [14C]CC14 the electrophoretic pattern is largely unchange. The highly reactive radical intermediates of CC14-metabolism should attack the closest possible partner. Most of protein-bound radioactivity is located in the mass range between 47 000 and 54 000 daltons, indicating that cytochrome P-450PB is the isoenzyme mainly responsible for CC14-activation; cytochrome P-450MC plays virtually no role in metabolic activation. The direct participation of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase appears unlikely, since the specific binding to proteins in the corresponding mass range is not elevated. A significant percentage of label is attached to proteins at 120 000 daltons and above, presumably oligomers of cytochrome P-450 apoprotein.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1982

An immunological evaluation of pleural effusions in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Of 59 patients with pleural effusions, four had systemic lupus erythematosus. Assessments of pleural antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, anti-DNA antibody and hemolytic complement after corrections for pleural protein and corresponding serum values were of no diagnostic significance. Pleural analyses did not contribute diagnostic information beyond that defined by serum markers.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of acute renal failure in the burned patient.

In a retrospective review of 35 patients seen over a two-year period with second- and third-degree burns of 30% or more of their body surface area, six died within 48 hours. Of the remaining 29 patients, polyuric renal failure developed in ten. The functional pattern of this polyuric renal failure appears to be different from other forms of polyuric acute renal failure in that fractional excretion of urinary sodium remains low and the urine to plasma osmolality ratio is commonly above unity. This functional pattern is consistent with a reduction in glomerular filtration rate with a proximal tubular defect such that a "downstream" osmotic diuresis occurs. The distal nephron appears to be intact and functioning.

Acute Kidney Injury↗