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Biomedical subjects

H F Otto

Publications and source records attributed to H F Otto.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The Turcot syndrome. Report of an additional case and review of the literature.

Another unusual autopsy case of the Turcot syndrome is reported in a 23-year-old woman with polyposis coli, who developed primary carcinoma of the jejunum and glioblastoma multiforme of the left frontal lobe. Previously documented cases are reviewed. Discussion focuses on the occurrence of other extracolonic abnormalities observed with the Turcot syndrome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Identification of inflammatory cell phenotypes in human oral carcinomas by means of monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies reacting with human T cell sub-populations, Langerhans cells and macrophages were used to examine the quantitative distribution of immune-competent cells in normal oral mucosa and invasive oral carcinomas. Both immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase procedures were applied. In normal oral epithelia, the dominant immune-reactive cell was the Langerhans cell, positive for OKT 6 and expressing HLA-DR gene products (OKIa1+). Many intra-epithelial non-epithelial cells (non-keratinocytes), belonged to the lymphocyte system carrying the suppressor/cytotoxic phenotype (OKT 8+). This lymphocyte sub-population was also the most prominent cell type in the normal mucosal stroma. The quantitative evaluation of immune-competent cells in squamous cell carcinomas revealed elevated numbers of all the inflammatory cell sub-populations investigated (suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes, helper/inducer lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, macrophages) compared with the normal oral mucosa. There was a striking increase in suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes (OKT 8+) and in cells of the macrophage system, including Langerhans cells (OKIa1+, OKM 1+, OKT 6+). In the stroma distant to the tumour complexes, many helper/inducer lymphocytes (OKT 4+) were also observed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

[Mediastinal tumors: pathology--a contribution to classification and prognosis].

Basing on 161 mediastinal tumours (thymomas, thymolipomas, thymus carcinoids, neurogenic and histiocytic tumours, malignant lymphomas) and tumour lesions (lymphofollicular thymus hyperplasia, known as Castleman's lymphoma), the article discusses problems of classification, differential histology and prognosis (taking staging groups and tumour-associated syndromes into consideration). The conventional light microscopic methods are often insufficient to accurately classify a specific tumour. The repertoire of morphological methods has in recent years been significantly extended by immunohistological methods. The use of these diagnostically very efficient methods, however, requires close interdisciplinary co-operation (e.g. in special fixation methods) between those competent for diagnosis and for therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Biopsy diagnosis of diseases of the small intestine].

Bioptical diagnosis of disease of the small intestine is shortly reviewed. Different methods of morphological investigations are described (lens microscopy, light microscopy, immunohistology, histochemistry, electron microscopy). A classification is proposed of pathological changes of the mucosa from the point of view of pathogenesis as well as from the point of view of practical diagnosis. In daily routine diagnostic procedures biopsies from the small intestine should be investigated with the lens microscope and with the light microscope. Both procedures are suited to answer diagnostic questions in most cases sufficiently. The other methods mentioned are usually not needed for routine diagnosis. Immunohistology (immunofluorescence, enzymatic immune histochemistry) does have importance in diagnosis of pathological conditions caused by defect of certain immunoglobulins.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

Thymolipoma in association with myasthenia gravis.

Among 72 thymic tumors that were examined we have found five (7.5%) thymolipomas. Two of these patients have had clinical symptoms. One, a five-year-old boy, has had an erythrocyte hypoplasia as well as a hypogammaglobulinemia. The other patient, a 56-year-old man, has had myasthenia gravis. This case is the second in the world literature in which a thymolipoma is associated with symptoms of myasthenia gravis. The clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic findings and the pathogenesis of thymolipoma are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparative investigation of keratin-filaments in normal tissues and tumours of skin, oral mucosa, salivary glands and thymus.

Antibodies against different fractions of keratins can be helpful in various fields of special pathology. Antibodies against "small" and "large" keratins permit to evaluate epithelial maturation in skin and oral mucosa. In addition, disturbances of keratinization during inflammatory processes and malignant transformation can be analyzed. The main application of antibodies against the entire fractions of keratins is the detection of the epithelial nature of a neoplasm. By this tool, particular problems in surgical pathology concerning differential diagnosis can be handled in an easier way. Among the different tissues and their neoplasms, examples of the analysis of thymus tumours and salivary gland tumours are presented. Immunoreactivity with keratin antibodies depends crucially on tissue processing. In the normal diagnostic procedure, good results are regularly obtained if cryostat or Bouin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections are used.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

[Computed tomography of the mediastinum in myasthenia gravis. Normal findings, thymic hyperplasia, thymomas (author's transl)].

Computed tomography of the mediastinum was performed in 45 patients with myasthenia gravis. Surgery was carried out in fourteen. Amongst these, there were four thymomas, one thymolipoma, eight thymic hyperplasias and one normal thymus gland. A further patient, who did not have surgery, probably also had a thymic tumour. The normal thymus and thymic hyperplasia cannot be distinguished on computed tomography. Differentiation of small thymomas from normal thymus is not always possible. Invasion by thymomas can only be appreciated with large tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Immunopathogenetic and ultrastructural aspects of ulcerative colitis].

The ultrastructural pathology and local immune response in ulcerative colitis are discussed. The local immune reaction in ulcerative colitis is characterized by distinct plasma cell multiplication with a striking deviation from the normal mucosal immunocyte class pattern resulting in a disproportionate increase of the IgG-cell number. The pronounced local IgG-cell response in the bowel mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis should probably be regarded as an attempt to establish a "second line of defense" against exogenous and/or endogenous antigens. In cases with active disease IgG is found to be bound to the basement membrane of the surface epithelium. Activated complement (Clq and C3 fraction) can be demonstrated at this site as well. This association of IgG and activated complement at the same site in the mucosa suggests the possible involvement of fixed immune complexes in the production of mucosal damage. The immune complexes presumably bound to the epithelial basement membrane and the consequent activation of complement could explain the marked granulocytic activities at the surface epithelium in active ulcerative colitis. These polymorphonuclear leukocytes could have been attracted by components of the activated complement. Granulocytes are often seen in state of degranulation. The degranulation of granulocytes (and macrophages) may be result of "frustrated phagocytosis" by the granulocytes and macrophages of antigen-antibody complexes. This process could induce the release of lysosomal enzymes by granulocytes and macrophages. The detection of extracellular lysosomal enzymes (peroxidase, acid phosphatase) could be of pathogenetic significance in connection with the concept of Weissmann. Lysosomal enzymes damage cells, connective tissue and mucosal block. This implies exacerbation and perpetuation of the antigenic breach and therefore of the inflammatory process. A vicious circle is started.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1981

The epithelial framework of the thymus in normal and pathological conditions. Immunohistochemical demonstration of keratin in an autopsy series.

Autopsy specimens of normal human thymus, from cases of accidental involution, follicular hyperplasia, thymomas and a teratoma were investigated by immunocytochemistry using specific immune sera to small and large keratins. Keratin antisera represent a "marker" of both Hassall's corpuscles (HC) and so-called epithelial reticular cells. There were no apparent differences in keratin polypeptides distribution between cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells. In accidental involution, the epithelial framework became prominent: epithelial cortical borders and epithelial perivascular sheaths appeared often to be discontinuous structure. The central and occasionally cystic spaces of HC did not react with keratin antisera. In follicular hyperplasia, almost solid epithelial aggregates were seen which were located around germinal centers. In thymic tumours, neoplastic epithelial cells displayed a marked immunoreactivity with keratin antisera. Immune sera against keratin filaments represent an interesting tool in thymus research and in the diagnostic pathology of thymic tumours.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Multiple pulmonary (hamartomatous?) leiomyomas. Light and electron microscopic study.

The light and electron microscopical features of the lung tumors in a case of multiple pulmonary leiomyomas are described. The differential diagnosis of leiomyomatous tumors of the lung is discussed. They have to be differentiated from lymphangio-leiomyomatosis of the lungs. In the literature, multiple pulmonary leiomyomas are generally considered to be metastases from low grade uterine leiomyosarcoma or to be hamartomatous lung tumors. This is suggested by the glandular structures both within the tumor and on the surface. However, our ultrastructural observations showed these epithelia to have features of granular pneumocytes (type II), in particular they contain lamellar bodies and possess microvilli on their surface. Their formation is considered to be a secondary reaction of alveolar lining cells to tumor growth. A possible origin of multiple pulmonary leiomyomas from the contractile system of the lung acini (contractile interstitial cells) is discussed.

Female↗