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Biomedical subjects

H C Liu

Publications and source records attributed to H C Liu.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Follicular fluid estradiol and progesterone are markers of preovulatory oocyte quality.

Follicular fluid estradiol (FF E2) and progesterone (P) have previously been shown to vary with the maturation of the follicle. A profile of follicular fluid E2 and P was obtained from follicles of 19 preovulatory oocytes, which resulted in normal term pregnancies from single embryo transfers. A narrow band was defined around the linear regression line E2/P = 1.2 X 10(-2) + 1.57 X 10(-4) E2, r = 0.806, P less than 0.01, when E2/P was plotted versus E2 that included 84.2% of these oocytes. Eleven of the 19 pregnancies were clustered between an E2 of 240 to 460 ng/ml and an E2/P ratio of 0.044 to 0.084. Sixty-eight patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer were studied. A significantly greater number of preovulatory follicles from the fertilized, cleaved, and pregnant group (10 of 40) was found in the cluster than from the fertilized, cleaved, but not pregnant group (4 of 46; P = 0.04) and fertilized but not cleaved group (0 of 13; P = 0.04). Significantly more pregnant patients (14 of 20) had a preovulatory follicle within the band than nonpregnant patients (11 of 36) (P less than .02), as well as in the cluster (10 of 20), compared with 4 of 36, respectively (P less than 0.01). It may be concluded that a range of FF E2 and E2/P values define a stage of maturation that is compatible with successful pregnancies.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1986

Retreatment of pediatric brain tumors with radiation and misonidazole. Results of a CCSG/RTOG phase I/II study.

Twenty-nine patients with recurrent pediatric brain tumors after full-dose treatment with radiation were retreated with misonidazole (9 gm/m2) and whole-brain irradiation (300 rad X 10). Seventeen of 29 patients (59%) experienced nausea and vomiting with misonidazole administration and 6 patients (21%) developed peripheral neuropathy. Serum levels of misonidazole were similar to those reported for adults. One patient died of trauma shortly after retreatment. For the remaining 28 patients, the median time-to-progression was 5.5 months. Median survival was 13 months. Six patients (21%) developed radiation toxicity, two of whom died from the toxicity. Whereas the results on this study are similar to reported series of patients receiving salvage chemotherapy for recurrent pediatric brain tumors, more effective treatment clearly is needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Clinical aspects with regard to the occurrence of an endogenous luteinizing hormone surge in gonadotropin-induced normal menstrual cycles.

A decline in serum E2 the day before laparoscopy indicated that ovulation had occurred in 16 cycles stimulated with exogenous gonadotropins for the purpose of in vitro fertilization (IVF). In contrast to 18 control cycles with rising E2 values after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration and without evidence of ovulation, the onset of the endogenous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge had been initiated. From this study, it is believed that the onset of an endogenous LH surge can be identified by the terminal preovulatory E2 pattern. Further, the incidence of an endogenous LH surge in gonadotropin-induced menstrual cycles and the present clinical approach of the Norfolk IVF program to this phenomenon are discussed.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1986

The perimenopausal patient in in vitro fertilization: the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

The perimenopause, incipient ovarian failure, is a major problem in stimulation failures during an in vitro fertilization program. This must be recognized as not necessarily related to age but also associated with adnexal inflammatory and operative processes. Although ovulation occurs uninterruptedly, the follicle-stimulating hormone in the early follicular phase is elevated and the luteinizing hormone is normal. Characteristically, there is no estradiol response to human menopausal gonadotropin therapy or a rapid response with a premature luteinizing hormone surge. These problems sometimes may be overcome with pulsatile intravenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy, 5 or 10 micrograms/90 or 120 minutes. The major therapeutic problem is in the identification of a luteinizing hormone surge in these patients. Of eight women who were treated, two failed to respond with follicular maturation, three either had no oocytes aspirated from apparently postmature follicles or had postmature oocytes; and one had treatment cancelled due to ovulation. The four latter patients may have failed because of unrecognized ovulation. In the remaining two patients, one oocyte was fertilized and transferred, and one pregnancy occurred.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Phase II study of combined carmustine, 5-fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, and 6-mercaptopurine (BFHM) for the treatment of malignant gliomas.

The Neuro-oncology Service of the University of California Brain Tumor Research Center conducted a nonrandomized phase II study to evaluate, in patients with recurrent malignant glioma, the benefit of a four-drug combination (BFHM) consisting of carmustine (1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea), 5-fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, and 6-mercaptopurine. There were 29 evaluable glioblastoma multiforme patients and 45 nonglioblastoma anaplastic glioma patients available for analysis. Tumor progression was analyzed as the primary study endpoint. Of the glioblastoma patients, 16 of 29 (55%) responded or stabilized on therapy; of the other anaplastic gliomas, 32 of 45 (71%) responded or stabilized. For patients who stabilized or responded to treatment, BFHM achieved a median time to tumor progression of 46 weeks with a 25th percentile time to tumor progression of 68 weeks for anaplastic gliomas and a median time to tumor progression of 23 weeks with a 25th percentile time to tumor progression of 36 weeks for glioblastoma multiforme patients. A Cox multivariate analysis demonstrated that age and Karnofsky score were important prognostic variables for these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Abnormal in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis of lymphocytes and increased circulating immune complex in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

To explore the immunopathogenetic mechanisms of hypergammaglobulinemia in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the functions of B cell, helper T (OKT4) cell and suppressor T (OKT8) cell were examined, by using the co-cultivation technique for in vitro immunoglobulin biosynthesis, in 7 patients with active AS, 7 with inactive AS and 14 normal controls. Circulating immune complexes (CIC) in those subjects were also measured by a solid phase C1q binding assay. After B, OKT4 and OKT8 cells were separated from the heparinized peripheral blood, coculture of these cells which were either from the same patient, the same normal control, or their combination was carried out. The in vitro synthesized immunoglobulins were measured by a rate nephelometer (Immuno-chemistry system, analyzer II). The results were: In patients with active AS, the amounts of IgG and IgA synthesized by co-cultured B and T4 cells from patients (p) and T8 from the normal (n) were significantly higher than those of the normal controls; In patients with inactive AS, the amounts of IgG and IgA produced by co-cultured Bp + T4p + T8n, Bp + T4n + T8n, Bn + T4n + T8p, and Bn + T4p + T8p were significantly higher than those for the respective normal controls; The CIC in active AS was elevated significantly over that in the normal controls. These results suggest that in patients of AS, B cells and helper T cells are hyperactive, while suppressor T cells are depressed. The abnormal function of lymphocytes may cause elevated concentrations of immunoglobulins and CIC in the serum.

Adult↗