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Biomedical subjects

H Busch

Publications and source records attributed to H Busch.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Presence of protein A24 in rat liver nucleosomes.

Two-dimensional gel profiles of the 0.2 M H2SO4-soluble proteins of monomer nucleosomal fractions were found to contain protein A24. Protein A24 is of interest because it is composed of histone 2A and "ubiquitin", apparently joined by an isopeptide linkage [Goldknopf, I.L. & Busch, H. (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 864-868; Hunt, L.T. & Dayhoff, M.O. (1977) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 74, 650-655]. Monomer nucleosomal fractions were obtained by sucrose density gradient centrifugation of micrococcal nuclease digests of rat liver nuclei. As shown by their DNA size, the monomer fractions were highly purified. Proteins A24 and Bu, another protein of unknown characteristics, were found along with histones 1, 2A, 2B, 3, and 4 in the monomer fractions in relative amounts similar to those found in extracts from whole nuclei and chromatin. Other acid-soluble proteins found in the nuclear and chromatin extracts were essentially absent from the monomer fraction. Inasmuch as protein A24 and Bu were found in lesser amounts than the histones, it is suggested that they are associated with specialized subsets of nucleosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Isopeptide linkage between nonhistone and histone 2A polypeptides of chromosomal conjugate-protein A24.

Chromosomal protein A24 has a unique structure inasmuch as it contains histone 2A and a nonhistone polypeptide the sequence of which has been partially determined. Comparative analysis of the ninhydrin-insensitive amino-terminal tryptic peptides of protein A24 and histone 2A and a quantitative analysis of their carboxyl-terminal amino acid indicated that protein A24 has two amino termini and one carboxyl terminus. The amino acid sequence analysis of tryptic peptide 17' of protein A24: (see text) showed it contains tryptic peptide 17 of histone 2A, Lys-Thr-Glu-Ser-His-His-Lys. Lysine 119, the amino terminus of this peptide, which is derived from the histone 2A portion of protein A24, is linked by an isopeptide bond to the carboxyl group of a glycine residue. Accordingly, the branched structure of protein A24 proposed is: (see text).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Sequence analysis of T1 ribonuclease fragments of 18S ribosomal RNA by 5'-terminal labeling, partial digestion, and homochromatography fingerprinting.

The method employed to determine the sequence of a T1 RNase fragment, A-A-A-A-A-U-A-A-C-A-A-U-A-C-A-Gp, from Novikoff rat hepatoma 18S ribosomal RNA is described. This method is applicable to any oligoribonucleotide produced by specific endonucleases that leave the newly cleaved 5'-end free for labeling with polynucleotide kinase and gamma-(32p)-ATP. The (32p)-labeled oligoribonucleotide is subjected to partial endonucleolytic digestion and fractionated by two-dimensional homochromatography fingerprinting. The nucleotide sequence is determined by following mobility shifts of the labeled and partially digested oligoribonucleotides in homochromatography fingerprinting.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Nuclear and nucleolar ultrastructure of Sézary cells.

Sézary cells were studied in the peripheral blood and characteristic skin lesions of the Sézary syndrome and mycosis fungoides by transmission electron microscopy to obtain more information on their nuclear and nucleolar ultrastructure. Sézary cells contain nucleoli with nucleolonemas or ring-shaped nucleoli similar to those of lymphoblasts and mature lymphocytes. "Maturation asynchrony" of the nucleolus and cytoplasm was evident in some cells that contain large numbers of ribosomes and ring-shaped nucleoli and in other cells that contain nucleoi with nucleolonemas and few ribosomes. The maturation asynchrony of the nucleolus and the cytoplasm, the presence of mitochondrion-like inclusion bodies in the nucleus, and fusion of mitochondria with the nucleus in Sézary cells are ultrastructural abnormalities of this neoplastic lymphocytic variant. The presence of the intranuclear "mitochondrion-like" inclusion body and nuclear rodlets in Sézary cells were exceptional findings.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of nuclear nonhistone phosphoproteins of rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma.

As part of a continuing comparison of nuclear proteins of tumors and other tissues, 32P-labeled nuclear proteins were extracted successively with 0.15 and 0.35 m NaC1 from the nuclei of normal, regenerating, and thioacetamide-treated rat liver as well as Novikoff hepatoma 3 hr after injection of 32Pi into rats. Separation of proteins of these fractions with aqueous phenol was carried out before two-dimensional electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. By autoradiography many common spots were found, but four 32P-labeled protein spots, CU', C13p, C21p, and CMp, were found in the Novikoff hepatoma and not in the various liver samples studied. Two spots, B6 and B10, were found in the liver patterns and not in the tumor. Sot B33 was very dense in regenerating liver but was only a faint spot in thioacetamide-treated liver. The greater density of Spots CU', C13p, C21p, and CMp in the tumor patterns is consistent with the increased density reported earlier for spots of the C-region of a variety of tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Valve shunt for use in heart surgery and surgery on the great vessels].

Surgery with extracorporeal circulation must be carried out within temporary limits because of trauma to the blood by the pumping system and partly because of the oxygenators. For vascular replacement extracorporeal circulation can only conditionally be used because heparinization is required. The authors deviced a bypass for certain surgical interventions on the heart and thoracic aorta without the above mentioned drawbacks, which can be used for a longer period without pump and heparinization. This valve shunt stood all trials in experiment.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Preventive-medicine screening methods in the examination of blood donors].

From a blood transfusion service with ca. 7000 donors a year, there was a loss of donors whose blood, having undergone medical tests, was found to be unsuitable. Details of all such donors were carefully documented. The results were ascertained by attentive control of the health of the donors which, in part, exceeded the minimum requirements laid down by the existing regulations. The relatively high loss of donors and the kind of disease underline the importance of these control checks, as an aspect of preventive medicine. This is of particular importance with regard to the results of so-called "new donors", who register for the first time. They had to undergo examination, and were only allowed to give blood when all the results of the tests had been submitted. The question then arises as to whether the regulations for the differing minimum requirements for the examination of "occasional donors" and "regular donors" can be maintained. A reduction of the expenditure on the present regulation examination of donors is not advocated because of both responsibility towards the blood donors, and in view of the increasing significance, to the medical care of patients, of the proximity of a clinic to an expedient transfusion service.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1977

Effect of divalent cations on the extraction of nuclear proteins.

TSCM-(0.01 M Tris-HCl, 0.25 sucrose, 3.8 mM CaCl2, 12 mM MgCl2, pH 7.2) and TS-(0.01 M Tris-HCl, 0.25 M sucrose, pH 7.2)-soluble proteins of isolated rat liver nuclei were analyzed by a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method. Light microscopy showed that treatment with the TSCM solution did not alter the morphology of isolated nuclei. After treatment with the divalent cation-free TS solution, the isolated nuclei were swollen; some were disrupted and clumped together. The TSCM solution extracted 20 additional proteins including histones. These results suggest that Ca++ and Mg++ play an intracellular role in the interactions between nuclear proteins and chromatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Isolated metaphase chromosomes: scanning electron microscopic appearance of salt-extracted chromosomes.

Scanning electron microscopy of salt extracted, isolated metaphase chromosomes has been used to further the understanding of the role of proteins and DNA in chromosome architecture. Metaphase chromosome surfaces consist of numerous compact microconvules with an average diameter of 520 +/- 78 A which result from several orders of supercoiling. Treatment of isolated chromosomes with various salt concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 2.0 M NaCl revealed a longitudinal array of fibres within the chromatids as well as regions of coalesced nucleoprotein. The results demonstrate sensitivity of chromosome structure based on chromatin supercoiling, to progressive extraction of chromosomal proteins and DNA over the range of salt concentrations examined.

Cell Fractionation↗
PubMed1977

Adsorption of messenger RNA of Novikoff hepatoma, normal liver, and regenerating liver on complementary DNA-cellulose affinity matrices.

Complementary DNA (cDNA)-oligodeoxythmidylate-celluloses were prepared from cDNA copies of polysomal messenger RNA (mRNA) of Novikoff hepatoma, normal rat liver, and regenerating rat liver. cDNA synthesis with reverse transcriptase was approximately 46% with respect to input mRNA with oligodeoxythymidylate-cellulose primer. The cDNA's of normal liver, regenerating liver, and Novikoff hepatomas were used as affinity matrices for hybridization of different mRNA species. Under the conditions used, degradation of mRNA was not detected. After normalization for homologous hybridization efficiency, 53 and 65% of the Novikoff hepatoma mRNA bound to normal liver and regenerating liver cDNA's. Under these conditions an average of 82% of mRNA of normal liver bound to regenerating liver cDNA, and 92% of regenerating liver mRNA bound to normal liver cDNA. The bound and unbound mRNA's were analyzed by translation in the wheat germ system; 2-D gel analysis of the proteins synthesized in the wheat germ system indicated that the cDNA affinity columns selectively adsorbed some mRNA species.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The NH2- and COOH-terminal amino acid sequence of nuclear protein A24.

The NH2- and COOH-terminal sequence of nuclear portein A24 has been determined by automatic Edman degradation and carboxypeptidase A and B digestion. Protein A24 is of interest because it is composed in part of histone 2A (Goldknofp, I.L., and Busch, H., (1975) Biochem, Biophys. Res. Commun. 65, 951-960). The sequence of the first 37 NH2-terminal residues is: Met-Gln-Ile-Phe-Val-Lys-Thr-Leu-Thr-Gly-Lys-Thr-Ile-Thr-Leu-Glu-Val-Glu-Pro-Ser-Asp-Thr-Ile-Glu-Asn-Val-Lys-Ala-Lys-Ile-Gln-Asp-Lys-Glu-Gly-Ile-Pro- This sequence is not homologous to any known histone sequence. It contains regions of internal homology (italics). The COOH-terminal amino acid sequence is the same as that of histone 2A, naely: -His-His-Lys-Ala-Lys-Gly-Lys-COOH.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1976

[Agreement between traditional and computer diagnosis in psychiatric outpatients (author's transl)].

Psychiatric diagnosis based on personal interviews with 100 clinic outpatients was made and the data thus obtained were documented in Spitzer's and Endicott's CAPPS (Current and Past Psychopathology Scales). Two clinicians and the computer program DIAL - a modification of the DIAGNO II program of the same authors - diagnosed the same patients independently of each other basing their diagnoses solely on the entries in the CAPPS. The diagnostic agreement between the different diagnoses was evaluated and results compared with earlier findings by Schmid et al. These authors had, however, used CAPPS data gathered from case histories and not from direct interviews of patients. The modification in the procedure of gathering the data resulted in a slight, but statistically insignificant improvement in diagnostic agreement. The possibility of improving diagnostic agreement by the use of another scale is discussed.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1976

Effects of alpha-amanitin, cycloheximide, and thioacetamide on low molecular weight nuclear RNA.

Studies were made on the effects of alpha-amanitin, cycloheximide, and thioacetamide on synthesis and content of low molecular weight nuclear RNA. Cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis and the synthesis of 45S pre-rRNA and 5S RNA, also inhibited synthesis of nuclear U1 and U3 RNAs. alpha-Amanitin, an inhibited the synthesis of U1 and U2 low molecular weight nuclear RNA. Thioacetamide, which induces nucleolar hypertrophy and increased nucleolar RNA polymerase activity, markedly increased synthesis of 5.8S RNA and U3 RNA. These results show that syntheses of individual low molecular weight nuclear (LMWN) RNAs are controlled by different regulatory mechanisms. In particular, there appears to be a specific relationship between U3 RNA and functional states of the nucleolus.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1976

[Old and new dangers of blood transfusion (author's transl)].

The predominant danger of blood transfusion, even after the discovery of the ABO and Rh systems, is the immunological risk. This led in 1940 to a regulation of blood transfusion in Germany by official guidelines which were constantly adjusted in the light of new research results. The dangers due to deterioration on storage still receive too little attention although these may be of greater danger to the patient than immunisation risk. Also the assessment of other medical problems of transfusion is insufficiently applied to clinical routine.

Ammonia↗