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Biomedical subjects

H Brunner

Publications and source records attributed to H Brunner.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Nutrition in the first week of life--comparative studies between 2 different nutrition regimens].

The research work to optimize nutrition in the first week after birth was carried out with two groups of healthy newborns. The food quantity of the first group was calculated according to the formula (days of life--1) X 70 ml, that of the second group according to the formula [days of life X 10) + 20] X 5 ml. With the nutrition according to formula 2 combined with the so - called early - feeding a rapid increase was reached in the drinking quantity. Potential nutrition deficiency troubles had to be avoided by this way. The statistical analysis according to the body weights which revealed daily didn't proof any statistical differences. A food calculation according to formulas must be judged to be obsoletely. The nutrition during the first weeks of life ought to be effected by nursing or balanced nutrition based on formula both with regard to frequency and quantity on demand a rooming in system.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1985

Use of counter-immunoelectrophoresis for the detection of chlamydial antigens in serum.

An increasing number of reports on Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in infancy has recently been published in the literature. Demonstration of the aetiologic agent depends, however, on laborious culture procedures and serological techniques. Based on the observation of a cross-reaction between certain Acinetobacter species and Chlamydiae, the detection of chlamydial antigens in sera of 13 infants with pneumonia due to Chlamydia trachomatis was performed with antiserum to Acinetobacter by the counter-immunoelectrophoresis technique.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1984

Combination of conventional and high-performance liquid chromatographic techniques for the isolation of so-called "uraemic toxins".

Using fluids from the artificial kidney as an example, a generally useful combination of separation techniques is described for the preparative isolation of biologically active subfractions from extremely heterogeneous and diluted biological fluids. Haemofiltrate (20 l) and dialysate (100 l), respectively, are desalted and concentrated in one step by reverse osmosis using membranes with a nominal cut-off of 500 Daltons. The retentate with high concentrations of "uraemic toxins" is fractionated by preparative ion-exchange chromatography (double column technique with detection at 206 nm) and size exclusion chromatography yielding large amounts of ninhydrin-positive subfractions which inhibit DNA synthesis of rat bone marrow and HeLa cells in vitro, respectively. These fractions were analyzed by reversed-phase and size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. Many of the isolated fractions were shown to contain peptides.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Epididymitis. Studies on its etiology and pathogenesis with special reference to Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum].

A standardized clinical and microbiological diagnostic examination was conducted on 137 patients with acute or chronic epididymitis (cardinal symptom: painful swelling of the epididymis). Patients with spontaneous secretion from the urethra were examined according to the methods of urethritis diagnosis, patients without it with the four-glass test. Gram-negative bacteria and enterococci were responsible for 27.7% of the infections. Additional tests for Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmas increased the microbiological rate of diagnosis to 65.7%. Demonstration of Ureaplasma urealyticum in significant numbers was always associated with urethritis or prostatitis. Chlamydia trachomatis was demonstrated especially in younger, sexually active men with epididymitis but without accompanying urethritis or prostatitis. The most striking clinical finding was a disturbance in bladder emptying in about one third of all patients with epididymitis, regardless of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Ultrasonics and computerized tomography in the diagnosis of large cavernous hemangiomas of the liver].

Cavernous haemangiomas of the liver often pose problems in the differential diagnosis on ultrasound because of the complex echo pattern. Some typical features of their sonomorphology are exemplified by the data obtained in 4 patients. In combination with the almost pathognomonic delayed contrast enhancement on computed tomography, additional angiography seems to be no longer necessary for an accurate diagnosis in most cases.

Angiography↗
PubMed1984

[Stimulation of gastric acid secretion by sham feeding in patients with duodenal ulcer before and after selective proximal vagotomy].

Gastric acid secretion stimulated by sham feeding was measured in 12 patients with duodenal ulcer before and after highly selective vagotomy and compared with the results obtained from 7 healthy controls. In the ulcer patients sham feeding resulted in a higher stimulated secretion compared to normals. In addition after sham feeding the secretion fell slower to basal levels than in the control group. Highly selective vagotomy normalized these abnormalities. We conclude, that sham feeding might be a test applicable to patients after vagotomy to predict adequate reduction of acid secretion.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1984

The tumor-inhibiting effect of isomeric dichloro(diphenylethylenediamine)platinum(II) complexes.

Ring unsubstituted dichloro(diphenylethylenediamine)platinum(II) complexes show a dependence of their antitumor activity on the configuration and position of phenyl rings in ethylenediamine ligand. Dichloro(1,1-diphenylethylenediamine)platinum(II) (1d) and meso-dichloro(1,2-diphenylethylenediamine)-platinum(II) (meso-2d) have a weaker effect on the human breast-cancer cell line MDA-MB 231 and on rat leukemia L 5222 than (+/-)-dichloro(1,2-diphenylethylenediamine)platinum(II)((+)-2d) and its enantiomers (+)-2d and (-)-2d which cause marked and comparable inhibition of both tumors; (+/-)-2d is also active on ADJ/PC 6 plasmacytoma of the mouse and on cisplatin-, daunomycin-, and cisplatin/daunomycin-resistant Ehrlich ascites tumors of the mouse. The differences in activity of the diastereomers (+/-)-2d and meso-2d, for which distinct influences on the DNA secondary structure can be demonstrated CD spectroscopically may be explained by a steric hindrance of the drug-DNA interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

In vivo activity of proteases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a rat model.

The granuloma pouch technique was used to study the in vivo characteristics of four strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that differed in levels of alkaline protease and elastase production. Bacterial counts, alkaline protease and elastase concentrations, and IgG levels of pouch exudates were determined quantitatively; total protein levels were determined semiquantitatively. In vivo protease concentrations were in the nanogram range; during the investigated period individual strains either increased enzyme production or remained negative. In vitro alkaline protease:elastase ratios correlated with in vivo ratios in three of the four strains. Proteolytic strains caused a decrease in IgG and alpha 2-fraction proteins. Purified rat IgG was cleaved rapidly by elastase and slowly by alkaline protease; both cleaved IgG at the hinge region. The study determines the concentration of P aeruginosa alkaline protease and elastase after infection in a rat model, shows cleavage of rat IgG and other proteins due to alkaline protease and elastase, and suggests that enzymes other than proteases are involved in the pathogenesis of P aeruginosa infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of duodenal ulcer with pirenzepine and cimetidine.

The purpose of this single blind controlled multicentre trial was to compare the relative effectiveness of pirenzepine and cimetidine in healing endoscopically proven duodenal ulcers. One hundred and twenty six patients with duodenal ulcer were treated with a daily dose of 100 mg pirenzepine (50 mg each before breakfast and before the evening meal), and 128 patients were treated with 1000 mg cimetidine (200 mg with breakfast, lunch, and evening meal and 400 mg at bedtime). Endoscopy was repeated after four weeks by an endoscopist who had not been informed about the treatment. Pirenzepine showed a healing rate of 64.3%, cimetidine one of 73.4%. This difference is not statistically significant (one-sided test: chi 1(2) = 2.48). After four weeks a higher proportion of first ulcers than of recurrent lesions was healed. Pain relief was rapidly achieved with both drugs. A significant trend in favour of cimetidine may, however, not be clinically relevant considering the small difference in the absolute numbers of pain free days and nights. Adverse effects were rare and reversible. We conclude that the efficacy of pirenzepine is similar to that of cimetidine in healing duodenal ulcers.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed1984

Effect of monoclonal antibodies to the attachment-tip on experimental Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection of hamsters. A preliminary report.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, an important human pathogen, is an extra-cellular parasite, colonizing mucosal surfaces. Attachment to epithelial cells of the host is therefore an important mechanism of pathogenicity, and inhibition of adhesion might protect the host. M. pneumoniae predominantly adheres with a special organelle, the attachment-tip, to host cells. In vitro studies confirmed the observation that monoclonal antibodies (MOAB) to the tip inhibited adherence to erythrocytes. In animal experiments, high numbers of virulent M. pneumoniae exposed for 4 h at 37 C to MOAB and kept in suspension with MOAB 1:100 were inoculated intranasally into hamsters. A significant reduction in the lung lesion score, but not in the numbers of organisms in lung tissue or wash fluid of the upper respiratory tract, was seen in hamsters 14 days after inoculation of MOAB-treated organisms, as compared with controls. These observations, although preliminary, may have implications for the understanding of pathogenesis and for vaccine development.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗
PubMed1983

[Treatment of reflux esophagitis with sucralfat].

In a multi-centre placebo-controlled double-blind study, the therapeutic effectiveness of sucralfate (aluminium sucrose sulphate, four times 1 g daily) was tested on 66 out-patients with endoscopically confirmed reflux oesophagitis. After 12 weeks of treatment complete healing occurred in 72% of the sucralfate group, and in a further 14% there was improvement. In the placebo group the healing rate was 40%, with improvement in a further 20%. Serious side-effects did not occur. Sucralfate treatment was especially effective in patients with signs of high-grade inflammation (stage III of Savary and Miller) unsuccessfully treated with other drugs. Contrary to previously available drugs, sucralfate is effective also in lesions caused by alkaline reflux and is thus a useful addition to the hitherto unsatisfactory means of treatment.

Alginates↗
PubMed1983

[Experience in dietary counseling of diabetics with a new multifunctional learning aid].

The improvement of the effectivity of dietary lessons was investigated in a heterogenous diabetic patient material by using a newly developed multifunctional dietary learning-aid. There was a significantly improved dietary knowledge with respect to the quantitation of both carbohydrates and fat after a single lesson. Furthermore, the results justify the application of the dietary aid in elderly patients and in cases of long duration of the diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes Mellitus↗