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Biomedical subjects

H Brunner

Publications and source records attributed to H Brunner.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Side effects and safety of the new histamine H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine in the long-term treatment of patients with stomach and duodenal ulcers].

The safety and various side effects of ranitidine (2 X 150 mg daily), a new selective H2-receptor antagonist, were evaluated in the long-term treatment of patients with prepyloric or duodenal ulcer. A total of 6 adverse effects was reported by 5 out of 32 patients (18.7%). Thus, the overall incidence was low and almost half of the adverse effects involved minor or functional gastrointestinal symptoms. In no case were side effects severe enough to necessitate interruption of therapy. There were no detectable changes in haematological or biochemical blood parameters attributable to ranitidine. Long-term therapy with ranitidine appears to be safe and well tolerated; however, continued surveillance must be maintained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Studies on the role of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in prostatitis.

It has definitely been demonstrated that Ureaplasma urealyticum is one etiologic agent of nongonococcal urethritis, a sexually transmitted disease. For this reason it seemed possible that the organisms might cause ascending inflammatory reactions of the prostate. Quantitative determinations of ureaplasmas and Mycoplasma hominis, together with localization studies, were therefore performed to elucidate the importance of these microorganisms in patients with chronic prostatitis. U. urealyticum was found in high numbers in expressed prostatic secretions and urine voided after prostatic massage from 82 (13.7%) of 597 patients with chronic prostatitis. Because numbers of ureaplasmas in first-voided urine and midstream urine were significantly lower, the source of the organisms in these patients was assumed to be the prostate. These data and the results of tetracycline treatment provide sufficient evidence for the etiologic importance of ureaplasmas in chronic prostatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Electrodialysis and reverse osmosis as a regeneration system for hemofiltrate.

The separation of urea from the hemofiltrate (or from spent dialysis fluid) must be considered the critical step in all regeneration systems. A promising solution for this problem is the combination of electrodialysis and reverse osmosis. A mathematical stimulation of the process and in vitro experiments have been carried out in order to determine operating conditions and design specifications. The experiments confirmed the predicted performance of the regeneration system with respect to the separation of urea and the recovery of electrolytes. As expected, some ionic toxins, such as uric acid, and some middle molecules are recovered also. These substances, however, can be easily removed by a small adsorption cartridge.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1983

Ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal and prepyloric ulcer: comparison of two dosage regimens.

In a double-blind controlled study eight-two patients with duodenal or prepyloric ulcer were treated with either 100 mg of 150 mg ranitidine twice daily. After 4 weeks of treatment the ulcer had healed in twenty-two of forty-one patients (54%) on 200 mg of ranitidine and in thirty-six of forty-one patients (88%) on 300 mg of ranitidine. In the x2-test this difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Relief of pain and reduction of mucosal inflammation were similar in both groups. There were no drug-related side-effects nor consistent changes in laboratory findings. We conclude that a daily dose of 300 mg ranitidine is superior to 200 mg ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal and prepyloric ulcer and that the short-term use of ranitidine seems to be safe for the treatment of these ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Pirenzepin].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Benzodiazepinones↗
PubMed1983

Mode of interaction between immunoglobulin G and mezlocillin against beta-lactamase producing bacteria.

beta-Lactamase producing E. coli and Proteus spp. strains were exposed in vitro to mezlocillin (Baypen) and/or immunoglobulin G (IgG, commercially available batches of Polyglobin). Whereas each single agent exhibited no effect against these strains, the combination of both acted synergistically resulting in a pronounced reduction in viable counts. These findings were corroborated in vivo by using the granuloma pouch technique in rats. Treatment of rats with either mezlocillin (100 mg/kg b.i.d., i.v.) or IgG (single i.v. dose of 3 ml/kg) was ineffective. In contrast, simultaneous administration of both drugs exhibited a marked antibacterial effect throughout the study period of one week. Three control experiments were run in parallel in any case: firstly, albumin (3 mg/kg) served as a protein control; its application was completely ineffective. Secondly, cefoxitin and cefotaxime, respectively (40 mg/kg b.i.d., i.v.), were administered because of their beta-lactamase stability. Both cephalosporins exhibited an antibacterial effect against the beta-lactamase producing E. coli strains, but were ineffective against Proteus spp. Thirdly, beta-lactamase negative strains were not synergistically affected by the combination of mezlocillin plus IgG. These data are to be explained on the basis of beta-lactamase inactivation by antibodies being present in the IgG preparation. Antibodies were quantified by means of the ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) technique. Furthermore, the antibody induced change in enzymic activity of various beta-lactamases was demonstrated by activity titration curves for TEM 1, TEM 2, OXA 1, OXA 2, OXA 3 beta-lactamases from E. coli.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[In vitro determination of the neutralizing capacity of antacids].

The in vitro evaluation of antacids provides information about their therapeutic effectiveness. By testing the ability of antacids to buffer acid in vitro, the dependency of the neutralization or buffer capacity from the pH of the endpoint of titration should be taken into consideration. Practical and physiologic reasons suggest to use pH 3.5 as the standard reference value. Furthermore antacids, mostly those containing aluminum hydroxide, loose a considerable percentage of the buffer capacity, if they are tested in a protein solution. Finally, with regard to other indications for antacid therapy besides peptic ulcer disease like biliary reflux or alkaline gastritis, the individual ability of an antacid to bind bile acids should be tested in vitro.

Antacids↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical trial of bromazepam in psychiatric hospital practice (author's transl)].

An open trial of bromazepam (Lexomil) was conducted in 35 patients (23 men and 12 women, aged from 18 to 76 years) admitted to a psychiatry unit for various, usually old-standing, conditions associated with major anxiety. The mean effective dosage was 18 mg/day. The effectiveness of the drug administered alone was assessed in 25 patients at the end of the second week of treatment, using the Hamilton and Pull-Guelfi scales. A satisfactory response was obtained in 81% of the cases. Reactional anxiety in alcoholic and neurotic patients was found to constitute the best indication for bromazepam, the value of which during weaning from alcohol in patients admitted with threatening delirium tremens must be stressed. Bromazepam was well tolerated in 83% of the patients; side-effects (daytime somnolence and fatigue) were rare. The drug proved a potent and quick-acting tranquillizer and often resulted in a shorter stay in hospital.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Detection of circulating antigens of Chlamydia trachomatis by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.

An increasing number of reports on Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in infancy has recently been published in the literature. The demonstration of the etiologic agent depends, however, on laborious culture procedures and serological techniques. Based on the observation of a cross-reaction between certain Acinetobacter species and chlamydiae, the detection of chlamydial antigens in sera of 5 infants with distinctive clinical features of a pneumonia due to Chlamydia trachomatis was performed with antisera to Acinetobacter by the counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) technique.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1982

[HbA1 as a parameter of the progression of diabetic retinopathy].

HbA1 was determined in 12 juvenile diabetics with diabetic retinopathy and in ten adult diabetics at four-weekly intervals. During this time the course of the retinopathy was observed. Retinopathy was constant in juvenile diabetics with HbA1 values below 8%. A moderate progression, which it was possible to slow down by laser treatment, was observed in patients with HbA1 values of between 8% and 10%. Patients with HbA1 values exceeding 10% showed a marked progression, which could not be stopped by intensive laser therapy. The behavior of the retinopathy in adult diabetics corresponded to that of the juveniles when the onset of the disease was between the ages of 30 and 50. In elderly diabetics no significant tendency was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Visual field examinations using the Octopus computerized perimeter following laser therapy of central serous chorioretinitis (Wessing type I)].

The authors examined 19 patients who were suffering from central serous chorioretinopathy were treated with argon laser beams with a special user-defined program of the Octopus computerized perimeter. Relative scotomata were found at a depth of between 4 and 10 decibels in 66 percent of the patients; they were seldom subjectively considered to be a disturbance.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Induction of interferon by mycoplasmas in mouse spleen cell cultures.

Interferon production in cocultures between lymphoma cells and lymphocytes was previously found to be caused by mycoplasma contamination of the tumor cells. Here we have shown that M. arginini caused interferon production in spleen cells of C57BL/6 mice. The producer cell in spleen cell cultures was insensitive to treatment with anti-theta serum plus complement and it was present in spleen cell cultures of homozygous nude mice. Macrophage depletion did not adversely affect interferon production whereas interferon production was abolished in cultures of cells obtained after passage through nylon wool columns. Collectively, these data suggest, but cannot definitively prove that interferon is produced by B cells. By the use of specific antisera it was found that by all probability the interferon produced represented interferon alpha.

Animals↗