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Biomedical subjects

H Bostedt

Publications and source records attributed to H Bostedt.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Semen collection, examination and spermiogram in ostriches.

The level of fertility in the male ostrich exerts considerable influence on the efficiency of the fertilization procedure, and thus also on reproductive performance. The determination of the reproductive capacity is of particular interest with regard to the selection of single individuals for optimizing reproduction ratios. Although the breeding and raising of ostriches has become increasingly important in many countries, little research has been completed on reproductive parameters and factors that may possibly influence them. This study presents observations made concerning the quantity and quality of sperm as found in the spermatological testing of 411 ejaculate samples taken from male ostriches on two farms in Namibia. The semen volume varied between 0.1 and 1.5 ml (mean, 0.64 ml). Normal ejaculate colours ranged from white to ivory; the consistency ranged from thin creamy to viscous. The measured pH values lay between 6.4 and 8.0 (mean, 7.3). Microscopic investigations revealed sperm concentrations of 8.9-78.1 million/microl and individual sperm motility from 42 to 96% (mean, 78%). No mass motility was detectable in 42% of the ejaculates; weak mass motility was found in 46%, and clear mass movements were to be found in only 12% of samples. Regarding the morphology of the sperm, 5 to 26% were abnormal (mean, 17%) and 4 to 28% (mean, 20%) were dead. Seasonal patterns of sperm concentration and the influence of frequency of semen collection were investigated in a group of 56 healthy male ostriches. Peak sperm concentrations were found at the beginning of the breeding season in spring; the lowest values were found at the end of the breeding season in autumn. The highest quality ejaculate was obtained from those males whose semen was collected once a week. The results of this study provide fundamental data for the establishment of minimum quality requirements for ostrich sperm to be met by individuals receiving certification as breeding animals and for the selection of suitable males for use in artificial insemination.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Juvenile goiter in a goat herd in northwest Germany].

A continuous increase in the circumference of the thyroid gland was observed in four goat kids (44.4%) of the breed of White German Goat between the third and fourth month in a herd comprising White German Goats and Coloured German Goats. Clinical, laboratory diagnostic and chemically analytical results have been obtained, illustrated and compared with the equivalent parameters from healthy control herds without pathological findings. The thyroidal secretion rate and the milk iodine content were highly significant reduced in the affected flock in comparison with the control group. The feed which was given to the affected group did not cover the nutritional requirement of pregnant, lactating and growing goats. At 40-50 mg/l, the nitrate content of the water was close to the tolerance of 50 mg/l. It can be deduced from the findings available that the case described above is a synergetic combination of a primary iodine deficiency, based on an inefficient iodine supply and of a secondary iodine deficiency resulting from a super elevated nitrate content of the drinking water.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2000

[Technique of abdominal ultrasonography in newborn foals and normal findings].

Under field conditions, the diagnosis of foal's diseases relies almost exclusively on the physical examination. As the signs of illness in the equine neonate are frequently vage and non-localizing, the diagnosis of diseases may be problematic. This often causes misinterpretations and leads to ineffective prophylaxis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of diagnostic ultrasonography of the foal's abdomen under field conditions to provide an optimized technique and to describe the normal findings. Diagnostic ultrasonography of the abdomen was performed after obtaining clinical history and passing the physical examination of 25 foals without signs of abdominal problems. The foals were scanned in a stable box, being restrained by three persons in semi-lateral recumbency. Usually, sedation was not necessary. The ventral abdominal wall was clipped, a generous amount of ultrasound coupling gel was applied and massaged on the skin surface. The ultrasonographic examination was carried out using a portable sector scanner ("Microimager 2000", Ausonics) with 5.0 and 7.5-MHz transducers or a combined 5.0 and 7.5-MHz transrectal linear-array scanner ("450 Enhanced", Pie Medical). Employing the 5.0-MHz sector scanner first, the abdomen was explored from caudal to cranial in left and right semi-lateral recumbency. The 7.5-MHz scanner was used to attain higher resolution of certain structures. The sector scanner turned out to be suitable under field conditions and adequate to examine the abdominal organs. The transrectal linear-array scanner also provided the most important informations, although it was difficult to maintain a good contact area of the scan head. By ultrasonography it was possible to identify the urinary bladder, kidneys, spleen, liver and part of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, application of ultrasound could successfully be performed on newborn foals under field conditions.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of a 10 day postpartum administration of a PGF2 alpha analog at different concentrations on the course of the puerperium and fertility in dairy cows].

In this double-blind Study 72 dairy cows were treated with injections of Luprostiol (Reprodin). 32 cows served as control. Gynaecological examinations in 10-day intervals up to day 40 post partum and determination of progesterone levels in milk samples taken in 3-day intervals up to day 73 p. p. were performed. The administration of PGF2 alpha did not improve the early onset of ovarian activity in cows with uncomplicated or complicated delivery. Ovaries without detectable function up to day 73 p. p. only occurred in the placebo group, representing a significant (p < 0.05) difference to the control group. In cows after uncomplicated as well as in animals after complicated delivery involution of the uterus up to day 20 p. p. progressed faster in the verum group compared to the control group. Cervical diameters were highest in the placebo group up to day 20 p. p. Until day 40 p. p. the cervical diameters of the probands equaled those of the control animals. In contrary to cows after uncomplicated delivery the injection of PGF2 alpha after complicated parturition lead to a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of puerperal endometritis. Neither in cows with uncomplicated nor complicated delivery the administration of PGF2 alpha resulted in an improved conception rate. There were no significant positive effects on fertility parameters to be detected in general. Partial results observed were not dose dependent.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Acid-base status in newborn calves during the first days of life considering different states of vitality].

The aim of this study is to describe the differentiations of the acid-base status in bovine neonates during the first 96 hours of life. Due to the short intervals in the taking of blood samples, noticeable fluctuations in the acid-base status during the first minutes and hours of life of newborn calves were documented. Altogether, 25 matures and eutrophe calves of the DSB, DRB and DFV breeds were provided by the clinic for this study. Apart from an immediate post natum clinical interpretation of the vital signs in the neonates-using the APGAR-score-the pH value, current Base Excess and the CO2 pressure were simultaneously ascertained. Further continuous evaluation of the acid-base status was subsequently followed in the first phase of adaptation. For that alone, twelve blood samples were taken from the vena jugularis within the first 60 minutes after parturition. Until the end of the examination period on the fourth day of life, the tests amounted to 26 measurements altogether per experimentee. Due to the concrete results ascertained from the initial clinical and laboratory observations, the experimentees could be divided into distinct classes of vitality. The acid-base status of all the calves deteriorated during the first minutes of life, indicating that the pH value and Base Excess fall clearly under the initial level in all aspects of vitality directly post natum. On average the minimum pH values are reached between the third and 15th minute of life and remain between 0.019 and 0.096 below the initial values during this period. A varying rapid increase of the pH value follows, together with a balancing out of the Base difference. Despite isolated individual variations as the acid-base status develops, the lowering of the pH values in the first minutes of life is assessed as being a normal biological phenomenon. Deviations from this occur rarely (8%) and do not conform to the norm. The pH value stabilization in connection with this crucial early postnatal phase occurs to such a high degree that, without stagnation, on average all experimentees show pH values between 7,270 and 7,300 after 180 minutes of life-regardless of which vitality group they belong to. After reaching this common value at the end of the third hour of life, the further development of the ph values and the consequential resulting parameters in all three vitality groups are similar. A stagnation of the rising pH value between the 4th and 12th hour of life was established during the examination. Moderate stabilization then set in after this phase. Between the 24th and 36th hour of life all experimentees reached an average highest pH value of 7,400. Until the end of the examination period, however, this then dropped slightly to values between 7,380 and 7,395.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1999

[Fluctuations of urea, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in plasma of clinically health piglets during the first four weeks of life].

The present study was designed to investigate fluctuations of plasma concentrations in urea, cholesterol and triglyceride in healthy piglets (Landrace x Pietrain) during the first four weeks of life. Blood samples were taken by venipuncture in 240 piglets thirty minutes after birth, after 6, 24, 48, 168, 336, 504 and 672 hours. Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations exhibited minimum values after delivery and rose up to the 48th hour of life, what can be explained by colostrum intake. Although an increase of urea after birth was determined, but some of the following measured concentrations were under the initial value. The three parameters showed a significant dependency on the age (p < 0.001). After 6 hours there was a correlation of cholesterol concentration and sex (p = 0.001) and triglyceride concentrations have been correlated to body temperature after 24 and 48 hours (p = 0.009; p = 0.004). Before colostrum intake urea concentration has been associated to body temperature (0.001). The physiological significance of the observed fluctuations for adaptation from an intrauterine to an extrauterine life is discussed.

Aging↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical examinations of gilts with puerperal septicemia and toxemia].

In a clinical examination on 78 gilts suffering from feverish puerperal illness the signs were documented. 42 gilts without puerperal disturbances out of the same farms (n = 22) were used as a control. Data for statistics were recorded in minute-books, listing 38 parameters, partly divided in three or four subunits. Within the first 24 hours after parturition 60% of the probands were registered, the other gilts up to the 72nd hour after parturition. 42.3% of the patients beared for the first or second time. Duration of partus averaged more than six hours in 85.9% of patients with consequent puerperal illness, whereas probands of the same age in the control group finished parturition in less than three hours (78.8%; p < or = 0.01). Frequency of obstetrical intervention measured 27% in the group of patients, in the group of probands 9.5% (p < or = 0.05). Gilts with following puerperal illness delivered 1.1 piglets more than healthy individuals (p < or = 0.05) and showed an increased stillbirth rate (p < or = 0.01). Signs of clinical interest in puerperal illness were increase of body temperature (p < or = 0.01), cardiac rate (p < or = 0.01) and respiratory frequency (p < or = 0.01). Approximately 75% of the patients showed anorexia, 66% abnormal faecal consistency. 24.4% of the diseased animals showed exclusively signs of mastitis, in 29.5% there was a combination of mastitis and inflammatory affection of the genital system to be diagnosed, in 46.1% of the cases a solitary infection of the reproductive tract was to be stated. Predominantly E. coli, followed by Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. were isolated from the genital tract. The results of this study emphasize the clinical necessity to differentiate between isolated mastitis and puerperal septicaemia respectively toxaemia in cases of feverish puerperal illness. Puerperal septicaemia and toxaemia can, but do not have to be associated with mastitis in gilts.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Disorders of sex development in dogs].

In two prepubertal dogs of female phenotype, a clitoral enlargement with a penile structure leading to recurring inflammation of the vagina was diagnosed. Progesterone, oestrogen and testosterone serum concentrations were radioimmunologically analysed. The histology of the penile structure, the gonads and the uterus was made via a hematoxylin-eosin staining method. The chromosome constitution being analysed by the method of Basur and Gilman (1964) was 2n = 78,XX. Regarding all results of this investigation the diagnose was XX-male. The development of this sexual disorder is discussed. The surgical removal of gonads and uterus and the excision of the enlarged clitoris is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Teat endoscopy as a diagnostic procedure in the goat].

Teat endoscopy as a diagnostic procedure in the goat is described in a clinical case of a proliferation in the wall of the teat cisterna. Modifications in proceeding and equipment compared to the common use of endoscopy in the teat of cattle are shown and the additional amount of information in comparison to palpation, sounding and sonography is evaluated.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Critical comparison of rectal and ultrasonographic results of ovarian conditions in the interestrus of cattle].

41 heifers of 260-440 kg body weight used in an experiment were polyovulated with PGF2 alpha and PMSG (1000 IU). Animals were slaughtered during luteal phase of ovarian cycle (day 12-15). Shortly before slaughter ovarian structures were defined by rectal palpation und ultrasonographical examination. Post mortem ovaries were collected to compare their structures with previously performed in vivo diagnosis. More follicular structures were detected sonographically (109%) than could be found by morphologic examination (100%). Concerning corpora lutea a right diagnosis was made by palpation in 94% of cases, whereas the rate was only 85% for ultrasonographical examination. Main reasons for false diagnoses of ultrasonographical examination are as follows: multiple ovarian structures, corpora lutea with holes inside, atypical shape of ovaries, atypical ultrasonographical pictures and irregular shape of follicles.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Endoscopic assessment of the mucosal tolerance of a new papillary duct bougie compared with conventional mammary cannulas].

In this study on healthy, milking cows three per group a temporary drying off for five days, using two types of conventional teat bougies (group A, B), one type of a teat canula (group C) and one type of a novel wax-bougie, developed by Dr. Th. Geishauser (group D) was performed. As a control, three cows were dried off without using any teat bougies (group E). Before drying off the udder quarters, the condition of the mucosa in the teat papillary lactiferous sinus was documented by means of endoscopy. After five days, lactation was started and endoscopy was performed again. Endoscopical pictures and video tapes were evaluated for existence of inflammatory-proliferating reactions on the mucosa of the papillary lactiferous sinus. Comparison of the five groups with statistical methods (Fisher test) showed significant (P < 0.001) effects: all udder quarters, dried off temporarily by using conventional teat bougies and teat canulas (groups A, B, C) showed more or less severe alterations in the mucosa of the papillary lactiferous sinus, whereas in cows, treated with the novel wax bougie (group D) as well as in cows of the control group (E) there were no alterations detectable at all.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Examination of a novel wax teat bougie for treatment of wounds in the papillary lactiferous sinus of dairy cows with special regard to endoscopic documentation of mucosal reactions compared with conventional teat bougies and a teat cannula].

The present study on a novel wax-teat bougie, developed by Dr. T. GEISHAUSER for treatment of wounds in the papillary lactiferous sinus of dairy cows, has been performed in two phases of investigation. In a first step, fourteen healthy dairy cows (Deutsch Schwarzbunt) in state of early lactation were dried off temporarily for five days, after checking milk samples of all quarters for six following-on days on their bacteriological status, number of somatic cells, conductivity and results of the California-Mastitis-Test (CMT). The drying off was performed on two Quarters with similar cell-count in milk samples each. In one teat of the selected pairs off udder quarters, the wax-bougie was applied (group I), the other corresponding udder quarters were used as a control (group II). After five days of drying off, lactation was started again after removing the bougies in treated quarters. For another five days milk samples out of the quarters in groups I and II were checked in the laboratory tests named above and mean values and increase differences of results were compared. Comparison of increase differences with t-test showed no statistically significant difference between drying off procedures with the wax-bougie and without any treatment in the parameters named above. Courses of counts of somatic cells, conductivity and CMT showed no significant differences between drying off probands by using the novel wax-bougie and drying off without further treatment. In the second phase of the study, fifteen lactating, healthy dairy cows as probands have been split in five groups. Three cows (twelve udder quarters) were dried off for five days by using the novel teat bougie (group D), in three groups (A,B,C) two different types of conventional teat bougies and one type of cannula were used, and, as a control three cows (group E) were dried off without any treatment. Before drying off the udder quarters and after starting lactation again, the condition of the mucosa in the teat papillary lactiferous sinus has been documented by means of endoscopy and the bacteriological status of milk samples has been determined. As a result all udder quarters dried off temporarily showed endoscopically detectable inflammatory-proliferating reactions in the mucosa of the papillary lactiferous sinus, whereas in cows treated with the novel wax-bougie (group D), as well as in the cows of the control group (E), there were no inflammatory reactions detectable at all. These different reactions, basing on the Fisher-test, have to be considered statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Hormonal state and effects of the use of an antiprogestin in bitches with pyometra.

The pathogenic significance of progesterone in pyometra in bitches was investigated by evaluating the stages of the oestrous cycles of 369 bitches with pyometra. Concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol were determined in 100 bitches with pyometra before ovariohysterectomy. Six bitches with pyometra with progesterone > 5 ng ml-1 and oestradiol < 25 pg ml-1 were treated with the antigestagen RU 46534 (6 mg kg-1, s.c.) twice on day 1 and once on days 2, 3 and 4; ovariohysterectomy was performed on day 6. Six control bitches that met the same criteria were ovariohysterectomized and uterine morphology was compared with that of the treated bitches. The effects of treatment were monitored by hormone, ultrasonographic imaging and histomorphological studies. The results confirm that pyometra may occur at any stage of the reproductive cycle and that most animals are in the phase of dioestrus. Uterine mass (g kg-1 bodymass) with versus without content was not different in treated bitches and was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than in the control bitches. In all six dogs general clinical conditions improved during the observation period; 23.5 +/- 11.1 h after the start of antiprogestin treatment a profuse, purulent vulval discharge was observed. The effusion was nearly complete at day 6. The maximal detectable uterine lumen varied between 23 and 39 mm in diameter, it was no longer detectable on day 6. Oestradiol concentrations remained constant while progesterone decreased with distinct individual variations. Morphometrical examination of the endometrium revealed no differences between groups. The data suggest that antigestagen treatment is a promising approach for treatment of pyometra in bitches.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Treatment of pyometra (cystic endometrial hyperplasia) in bitches with an antiprogestin.

On the basis of a previous study showing the effectiveness of an antiprogestin treatment on the involution of the pyometric uterus and general health of bitches, in the present open clinical study seven bitches with pyometra and progesterone concentrations > or = 2 ng ml-1 were treated with the antiprogestin RU 46534. The dose selected was 5 or 6 mg kg-1 body mass s.c., on the first day of treatment and 3 mg kg-1 body mass on days 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 16. Antibiotics were administered until day 16. A vulval discharge was observed within 12-24 h. In one bitch the dose of the antiprogestin had to be increased after day 4. In six bitches the uterine lumen became ultrasonographically undetectable between days 8 to 12; in one bitch some luminal material could still be detected on day 28. The number of blood leucocytes tended to increase after the onset of treatment but had returned to the upper normal range by day 16. In all dogs general condition and feed consumption improved rapidly and were normal within 8 days. No side effects were noted. Two of the dogs were mated subsequently and produced two healthy litters. These observations confirm those of a preceding study and show that the treatment of pyometra with an antiprogestin may lead to a clinical recovery. These results justify further studies to enable the optimum treatment regimen to be established.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Effect of normal parturition on activity of clinically relevant enzymes in blood plasma of goats and kids].

Blood of 24 healthy goats of different breeds in the age between two and six years as well as their 36 lambs in the peripartal period was taken at regular intervals from the day 10 ante partum up to the day 30 post partum. The content of plasma--nonspecific, clinical essential enzymes as well as the selenium content--has been examined. 1. Normal parturition shows an influence on the enzyme activity in plasma. Abundant alterations in concentration (p < or = 0.05-0.001) are detectable in AST, LDH, alpha-HBDH, GGT, GLDH and CK. GGT responds indistinctly to birth. GLDH-concentration is significant higher in the lactation period (p < or = 0.01). 2. The registration of OCT in blood plasma and serum of goats is possible but the activity of the enzyme in plasma and serum is slight. 3. In the blood of new born lambs a high plasma activity of CK and GGT can be found. Up to day 5 post natum the activity of CK descends to post partum adult level and up to day 30 post natum lower enzyme values than those of adult goats are found. GGT activity at day of birth after colostrum uptake is more than 5 times higher than at day 5 post natum. Up to day 30 post natum the activity remains above the mean of adult goats.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Program for early detection of illness level in foals during the first 24 hours of life].

Basing on exact investigations of normal behaviour and abnormalities in newborn and up to 24 hours old foals a program for evaluation, comprehending exogeniously judgable criteria, was developed. It aims at a quick recognition of aberrations in behaviour. The program includes a score, which allows early diagnosis of even subtile abnormalities. As a result, a veterinary surgeon should be consulted if the score exposes a critical situation, so that therapy can be started in time. Furthermore informations about investigations on blood-glucose- and immunoglobulin-G-concentration in relation to neonatal foal diseases are given.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Concentrations of metabolically relevant parameters in the blood of highly pregnant ewes].

From 38 healthy ewes (20 nonpregnant, 18 pregnant) of different flocks and two races (Blackhead Mutton and Merino sheep) concentrations of glucose, ketones, triglycerides, cholesterine and urea in blood plasma were determined to prove if there were any differences between pregnant ewes in the last nine days before parturition and nonpregnant ones. In nonpregnant ewes plasma values of glucose were significantly higher than those of clinical inapparent pregnant ones with twins in the last four days before parturition. Blood values of beta-hydroxybutyrate and cholesterine, partly of triglycerides too, were significantly higher in late pregnant ewes with one or two fetuses. In contrast, concentrations of alpha-ketoglutarate and urea showed no significant differences between both groups, pregnant and nonpregnant ewes. The determination of blood plasma concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglyceride and cholesterine, as well as glucose in the case of twin-pregnancy, can provide an important information to estimate the animal's state of metabolism in late pregnancy.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗