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Biomedical subjects

H Berndt

Publications and source records attributed to H Berndt.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Incidence and mortality of malignant neoplasms of the urinary and male sexual organs in the GDR].

This is an analysis of the incidence and mortality of malignant neoplasms of the urinary system and the male sexual organs in the GDR. Age-specific as well as age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates are subjects of the analysis. It is concluded that there is no convincing evidence for the assumption of an increased cancer risk. The demographic structure of the population of the GDR has changed considerably and cancer incidence rises steeply with increasing age. After adjustment for changes in the age distribution, it seems probable that the observed increase in new cases is due to improvements in detection, diagnosis and management only. The thesis that there exists a true epidemic of urinary cancer is rejected.

Female↗
PubMed1982

[Direct determination of lead in urine with a new micro-method of flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (loop-AAS) (author's transl)].

This paper describes a method for the direct determination of lead in urine using the newly developed loop AAS. In this technique, the sample to be analyzed is dried outside the flame on an electrically heated iridium loop. The loop is introduced into the flame of an AA-spectrometer by a precise transport mechanism. The detection limits of slightly and medium volatile elements are one or two orders of magnitude lower than those of conventional flame-AAS. By using an additional ceramic stagnation tube arranged in the flame, the power of detection is increased once more by about a factor 10. The high chemical resistance of iridium permits the use of strong acids for decomposition of the urine directly on the loop. The relative standard deviation is about 0.04 for a lead concentration of 90 micrograms/l. The detection limits are 3 to 10 micrograms/l depending on the AA-spectrometer used. The accuracy of the method is controlled by the analysis of control urine and by analyzing the same samples by graphite furnace-AAS.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Status of adriamycin in cancer therapy].

Adriamycin is a cytotoxic drug with a broader spectrum of activity against various cancers than older drugs. Therefore there are numerous indications for the application of adriamycin in monotherapy and polychemotherapy. Besides other side effects which are common to all cytotoxic drugs adriamycin induces heart failure when applied in doses of 500 mg/sqm body surface. Cardiotoxicity may be reduced by weekly application instead of 3 week intervals and by concommittant application of calcium antagonists (verapamil). It seems that the potential value of adriamycin in cancer chemotherapy is as yet not fully explored.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1981

On the overload effect of sound impulses to the inner ear.

Test series with both continuous and intermittent sound exposure to guinea pig ears yielded an area within the coordinates load frequency and load level in which a dose principle is valid more or less exactly. Exceeding the upper (level) borderline of this area provokes a damage of the organ of Corti nearly independent of the load dose. Sound levels of such order of magnitude mainly occur at sound impulses. However, to estimate the hair-cell damaging effect of a given sound impulse one needs its time or frequency function in addition to the peak level. A first order approximation seems to be possible by means of a 1/3-octave band level analysis.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1981

Influence of body temperature on the set-up and recovery of noise-induced cochlea damage.

Hypothermia during exposure to noise reduced hair-cell damage which, on the contrary, was prevented from recovering by narcosis and hypothermia. Hyperthermia is apparently able to eliminate the narcosis dependent limitation of metabolism. A noise damage happens to develop by decompensating the excessively overburdened metabolism, whereas recovery seems to depend on the availability of a highly intracellular level of biological energy.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1981

[Evaluation of carbenoxolone in long term treatment of recurrent duodenal ulcer (author's transl)].

A double-blind randomized trial was performed in order to evaluate the efficacy of carbenoxolone (Biogastron duodenal) in reducing recurrences of duodenal ulcer. Eighty-one patients with endoscopically proven recurrent duodenal ulcer (at least a painful ulcer episodes within the past two years) were randomized. Fourty-six were assigned to carbenoxolon (50 mg Biogastron duodenal three times daily) and 35 to placebo. Every month the patients were seen in the out-patient department and asked for symptoms, especially typical pain, and - if indicated - examined by gastrofiberscopy. After about two years, 72 percent of the patients treated with carbenoxolone and 66 percent ot the placebo group remained without recurrence. The difference is not significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Synthesis of defined peptide derivatives via aminolysis of 3-[N alpha-acylpepidyloxy)-2-hydroxy-N-alkylbenzamides at elevated temperatures, I. Synthesis of the model peptide derivative Z-Ala-Phe-Gly-N(Et)2 (author's transl)].

Reacting 3-(N alpha-Benzyloxycarbonylalanyl-phenylalanyloxy)-2-hydroxy-N-methylbenzamide with glycinediethylamide at temperatures within 60-100 degrees C, utilizing either dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidone as solvents, yielded the corresponding tripeptide derivative Z-Ala-D/L-Phe-Gly-N(Et)2. Depending on the reaction temperature and the nature of the solvent, the isolated tripeptide derivatives contained 0.55% (60 degrees C, dimethylformamide) to 2.5% (100 degrees C, dimethylformamide) of the D-epimer, which could be separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. 3-(N alpha-Benzyloxycarbonylpeptidyloxy)-2-hydroxy-N-methylbenzamide derivatives allow peptide couplings at elevated temperatures even in those cases where the poor solubility of the amino components prevents the condensation step with those methods operating at low temperatures.

Benzamides↗
PubMed1981

[Detection and therapy of rectal cancer (author's transl)].

The state of detection and therapy of rectal cancer in the capital of Berlin is compared with that in the rural region of Neubrandenburg. The trend and regional differences between metropolitan and rural areas were investigated. It was shown that a population-based cancer registry yields useful information. The proportion of new cases in old age increased; stage distribution showed a tendency towards earlier detection; operative treatment became more aggressive and more successful. However, the state of detection and management was found to remain still better in the metropolitan area than in the rural region.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Screening and risk group concepts in oncology (author's transl)].

Risk groups for cancer are characterized by (1) higher risk due to causal exposition or (2) risk indicators not causally related to cancer. Selective screening of high risk groups has to take into consideration the general preconditions of screening and additionally the special aspects of how to identify and how to reach the high risk group. Selective screening of risk groups may help to improve medical care of individuals at risk but obviously cannot reduce the cancer burden measurably. Selective screening should be integrated into basic medical care.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Screening for prevention and early detection of cervical cancer in the German Democratic Republic-- an analysis (author's transl)].

The cytological mass screening to prevent invasive carcinomas by detection and therapy of intraepithelial neoplasia and to detect early stages of invasive carcinomas is the most important basis for cervical cancer control. An analysis of epidemiological effects caused by mass screening programs in two districts (Berlin, capital of the GDR; Rostock) demonstrates during the last 7 years a marked increase of detected ca in situ followed by a clear decrease, a decrease of morbidity of cervical cancer (49.4/100,000 :36.1/100,000 women) and an increase of earlier stages, especially stage Ia. The highest decrease of morbidity could be observed in women aged 40--49 years (111.6 : 61.0) followed by those aged 50--59 years (91.1 : 76.1). Preliminary results demonstrate the benefit of screening program and the practicability of organization form used in the capital Berlin. A further analysis demonstrates screening activities in the whole country. a continuous increase of cytological capacities in many districts is the remarkable result of the activities and gives the assurance for further success of the cytological screening program decided for the German Democratic Republic.

Adult↗