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Biomedical subjects

H Becker

Publications and source records attributed to H Becker.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[On the use of computer tomography (CT) in clinical psychiatry (author's transl)].

220 hospitalized psychiatric patients were examined by computerized tomography (CT) mostly to exclude organic brain dammage. A third of the material proved to be within the normal range, when also slight cortical and subcortical atrophies are considered to be abnormal. Pronounced cerebral atrophy was found in 26.8% of the cases, 5% revealed other significant lesions. CT is a very promissing help in distinguishing vascular from purely degenerative processes. Chronic alcoholism showed an amount of 67% cortical atrophies of all degrees. Endogenic psychoses on the other side failed to demonstrate characteristic results. Many of possible unspecific pathogenetic factors seem to play an important role in this and other disease processes. CT as an almost non-invasive method may be repeated in dubious cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) of the newborn].

A case of a newborn infant with clinical and angiocardiographic signs of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is presented. The baby died after a short therapy with beta-blockers. Light- and electron-microscopic investigations showed severe disorganization of muscular cellular arrangement and disturbances of intracellular structures of the interventricular septum. HOCM is a genetically determined disease which can present clinically in the newborn period and may simulate congenital cardiac malformations.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

[Experimental aspects of pathogenesis and prophylaxis of gastric stress ulcers (author's transl)].

The prophylactic efficacy of various treatments was examined in porcine haemorrhagic shock [13] by measuring total and regional gastric blood flow with radioactive Microspheres. All 24 animals of the control-group (no treatment) developed extensive haemorrhagic lesions of the stomach. Total gastric blood flow fell almost by 90% during shock. By methods improving the circulation during heamorrhagic shock, a nearly total prevention of gastric stress lesions was possible. After splanchnicectomy (n = 7) and by application of the H2-receptor antagonist Cimetidine (n = 8) total gastric blood flow during haemorrhagic shock fell only by 38% and 44%, respectively, when compared to control values before shock. Only 2 piglets of these both groups developed minor changes, whereas in all others no lesions were seen macroscopically or histologically. Conversely truncal vagotomy (n = 9), which impairs gastric blood flow, had no prophylactic effect on the occurence of gastric mucosal lesions, induced by haemorrhagic shock. -- This study supports the suggestion, that gastric ischaemia due to sympathetic overactivity especially in corpus and fundus of the stomach plays an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric stress lesions. An improvement of gastric blood flow during shock could become a useful treatment in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Total aplasia of the diaphragm with hypoplasia of the lungs (author's transl)].

A case of congenital aplasia of the diaphragm with hypoplasia of both lungs is reported. By the complete absence of the diaphragm the liver could in the early stage of embryonic development expand around the heart into the thoracic cavity. This resulted in a growth arrest with consequently severe hypoplasia of both lungs, which were originally normally developed.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1978

The role of ischemia in the pathogenesis of stress induced gastric lesions in piglets.

Ten conscious piglets were subjected to hemorrhagic shock for three hours. Nine surviving piglets showed severe stress induced gastric mucosal lesions in the gastric fundus and corpus. Total as well as regional gastric blood flow was measured, 8 micron radioactive microspheres, in the same piglets before--control--and during hemorrhagic shock. Total gastric blood flow fell almost 90 per cent uring shock. There was a significantly higher flow reduction in the mucosa of the corpus and fundus, where almost all of the stress lesions were found. Measurement of blood flow within these lesions demonstrated a fall approximately to zero. Ischemia seems to be an important pathogenetic factor of gastric stress lesions. This may possibly render the gastric mucosa more susceptible to other injurious factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Interferon production and lymphocyte stimulation in human leucocyte cultures stimulated by Corynebacterium parvum.

Killed C. parvum organisms stimulated a lymphoproliferative response in human peripheral leucocyte cultures of both adult and cord blood origin. They also induced high titres of interferon in cultures of adult leucocytes, but there was no correlation between the degree of lymphocyte stimulation and of interferon production. A considerable variability between donors was seen in both assays. The amount of interferon produced in C. parvum-stimulated cultures was considerably higher than that stimulated by the T-cell mitogens PHA and Con A and that induced by LPS. The anti-viral protein induced by C. parvum fulfilled the criteria of interferon and appeared to represent type II interferon.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1978

[The effect of vagus and sypathetic nerves on blood flow in the swine stomach].

Porcine gastric blood flow (radioactive microspheres) was studied (aortic blood pressure controlled) under five conditions: control (n = 8), electric stimulation of the splanchnic nerves (n = 8) and the vagus nerves (n = 8), truncal vagotomy (n = 8), and gastric sympathectomy (splanchnicotomy, n = 5). Highly significant increase in corpus mucosa flow after vagal stimulation or gastric sympathectomy is antagonistic to changes after splanchnic stimulation and truncal vagotomyand is often contrary to changes of the antrum mucosa. This might be an explanation fir ischemic gastric lesions (stress ulcer) after stress-induced high sympathetic tone (1, 2) and stress ulcer prophylaxis by gastric sympathectomy (3, 4).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Blood flow in the swine stomach in hemorrhagic shock].

In nine conscious piglets, total and regional gastric blood flow was measured (8 microns radioactive microspheres) in the same animals before (control) and at the end of a 3-h hemorrhagic shock period (mean AoBP = 40 mm Hg). Gastric blood flow decreased dramatically (88.4%) during shock. This decrease was most severe in the mucosa of corpus and fundus, where the highest flow was registered during control and where stress lesions are usually found. The reduction in gastric flow was significantly greater than the reduction in cardiac output (45.1%). The disproportional reduction in gastric blood flow may be explained by the high alpha-adrenergic activity of splanchnic organs (2) and by the impediment to liver outflow (1) during hemorrhagic shock.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Relationship between arteriosclerosis and cerebral atrophy in Parkinson's disease.

Computed tomographic examinations of parkinsonian patients revealed a high incidence of cerebral atrophy, in most cases a combination of cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement. The present study considered the relationship between cerebral atrophy and physical signs indicating or promoting arteriosclerosis such as overweight, electrocardiographic changes, hypertension, calcification of the internal carotid artery and aorta as well as elongation of the aorta. The study is based on 173 treated and untreated parkinsonian patients (89 men, 84 women) aged from 37--84 years (mean 64.6), on whom CT was performed about 5.4 years after the onset of the first symptoms of the illness. The results demonstrate an increase of pathological CT findings as well as of calcification in the carotid siphon with advanced age. No correlation was found between the other items and increasing age. Further analysis of the relationship between cerebral atrophy and signs of arteriosclerosis revealed only a statistically relevant correlation with calcification of the carotid siphon, especially with calcification of the media. Since pathological CT findings and calcification of the internal carotid artery are both related to advanced age, whereas all the other items which may be considered to be indications of arteriosclerosis do not have any clear relationship, it is concluded that the cerebral atrophy in Parkinson's disease is not caused by arteriosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Decholedochoduodenostomy - indications and operative technique (author's transl)].

21 cases of decholedochoduodenostomy are reported. The reinterventions were necessary because of narrowing of the anastomosis, choledocholithiasis, developement of a blind-sack in the retroduodenal choledochal duct and because of intolerance of the duodenal-biliary reflux. In one case a broncho-biliary fistula was treated. In all cases an ascending cholangitis was observed. The indication for relaparotomy is decided on the basis of the anamnesis. The operative technique for decholedochoduodenostomy is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Computed-tomography of bilateral isodense chronic subdural hematomas.

While unilateral chronic isodense subdural hematomas as a result of indirect signs of a space-occupying lesion are easily recognizable on computed tomography (CT) and clearly diagnosed on the angiogram, bilateral chronic isodense subdural hematomas may cause considerable difficulty. In two cases with CT false negative findings we observed, retrospectively, significant small cellae mediae and also the main part of the anterior horns sharply pointed and approaching one another. Three further cases showed the same ventricular configuration, which we called "hare's ears sign". This sign together with clinical data is always suspicious of chronic bilateral isodense subdural hematomas and carotid angiography is indicated. Other possible signs are: subtle midline shift if the size of the hematoma varies, changed formation of density of brain tissue, non-appearance of cerebral sulci especially in elderly patients, and eventually the visualization of a membrane after intrevenous injection of contrast material.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Pancoast's tumor. Symptoms, diagnosis and therapy].

Pancoast-tumor is a rare form of malignant tumor in the superior pulmonary sulcus. In our clinic out of 910 operated bronchial carcinomas 18 were Pancoast-tumors. The clinical findings with tumor of the apical lobe of the lung, shoulder-arm pain, Horner syndrome, rib destruction as well as neurological findings are discussed. The proper treatment consists of radical resection of the affected lobe, cranial thoracic wall and affected nerve tissue. The prognosis depends on the extension and lymph node metastases. Only early diagnosis, radical tumor-resection and postoperative radiation can improve prognosis and survival time.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[Renal vein thrombosis: a complication of the nephrotic syndrome? (author's transl)].

The nephrotic syndrome is complicated by an increased thromboembolic risk. This is related to changes in one or more factors of the Virchow triad (vessel wall, blood flow, coagulation). The hypercoagulability may be enhanced by iatrogenic manipulations as for instance vessel punctures, application of steroids and diuretics. The preferential location of thrombus formation are the veins of the leg, pelvis, kidney, and the cerebral sinuses. In contrast the "primary" renal vein thrombosis has long been considered not as a complication of the nephrotic syndrome but as its cause. In the meantime there have been accumulated histological, experimental and clinical facts showing the nephrotic syndrome causative for the renal vein thrombosis. This is revealed too by our own cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Hallux-to-thumb transfer by microvascular anastomosis.

The replacement of a missing thumb with a big toe transferred as a free vascularized composite graft is described. The anatomical basis relating to this transfer is described and the methods and the advantages and disadvantages of this as alternative thumb reconstruction are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this procedure is the first of its kind to be undertaken in South Africa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Serum ferritin as a control parameter for oral iron therapy (author's transl)].

Ferrritin can be measured in blood serum radioimmunometrically. Serum ferritin is directly correlated to body iron stores. In comparison to other parameters of storage iron (bone marrow iron, intestinal iron absorption) this quantitative diagnostic parameter is easily available. Thus it can be used to judge body iron status. In 20 patients with chronic haemorrhagic and 7 patients with posthaemorrhagic iron deficiency anaemia as well as nine blood donors with latent iron deficiency serum ferritin was used to control oral iron therapy. The continuous determination of serum ferritin during therapy gives a quantitative value of the relevant level of body iron stores. This value shows whether therapy was effective and when iron stores are replenished. The results demonstrate that oral iron therapy should be continued for at least 3 months from the time of normalisation of haemoglobin to obtain a sufficient restoration of iron depots.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

[Management of Salmonella typhi and paratyphi carriers using Sulprim].

The sanation of carriers of Salmonella germs by means of bactericidal chemotherapy in combination with cholecystectomy is not to be expected in many patients with older age or when concomitant diseases are present. Therefore was tested, whether an exclusive therapy with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazol (sulprim) is an effective method for the sanation of carriers of the salmonella germs with renunciation of cholecystectomy. Since 1973 up to now 20 carriers of germs have been treated for 12 weeks with daily 2 X 2 tablets of sulprim. Of these patients 84-year-old female patient died of massive pulmonary.

Adult↗